Cross References of Latin-Greek Elements and Their English Equivalents

The word, and the identification of the condition, is attributed to a Colorado specialist, Dr. Steven Bratman, who has recently published a book on the subject. He coined orthorexia in 1997 (based on the pattern of anorexia) which comes from Greek orthos, "correct" or "right", plus orexis, appetite. The word is beginning to appear in the United States and Britain, largely as a result of his book.

orgado-, orgad- (Greek: open woodland, meadow, field).

organo-, organ- (Greek: an organized structure; pertaining to a specific bodily part with a specific function or set of functions; instrument, tool, implement).

orgasm, orgasms, orgasmic, orgastic (Greek > Latin > French: excitement or violent action in an organ or part).

-oria (Latin: a suffix; a place used for something).

oriri-, orir-, ori-, or- (Latin: to rise, be born; the rising sun, east; to rise, become visible, appear).

-orium, -oria, -ory (Latin: a suffix; a place or a thing used for something).

ornitho-, ornith-, -ornithic, -ornithes, -ornithoid, -ornis- (Greek: bird).

oro-, oreo-, ore-, oreino-, orein- (Greek > Latin: mountain; hill).

oro-, or-, ori- (Latin: mouth, face; pertaining to the "mouth").

oro- (Greek: whey, serum).

-orrhexis, -rhexis, -rrhexis (Greek: used as a suffix; rupture of an organ or vessel; a breaking forth, bursting).

ortho-, orth- (Greek: right, straight, correct, true; designed to correct).

In chemistry: relating to two adjacent carbon atoms in a benzene ring, relating to acids and salts; acid formed by the combination of an oxide with the greatest number of water molecules.

-ory (Latin: a suffix; tending to, serving for; place for, appratus).

orycto-, oryct- (Greek: fossil, mineral; dug, dig; literally "thing dug").

oryzo, oryz-, oryzi- (Greek > Latin: rice).

os-, oss-, ost-, oste- os [singular] or ossa [plural] (Latin: bone).

os-, or- os [singular], ora [plural] (Latin: mouth).

oscheo-, osche- (Greek: scrotum; a combining form denoting relationship to the scrotum).

oscillo-, oscill- (Latin: swing, vibrate; from oscillum, a diminutive form of oso[ris] "mouth, face", meaning "small face").

By extension, "small mask of the god Bacchus" that was hung in Roman vineyards to honor the god of wine while scaring off grape-eating birds as it vibrated and swang in the breeze.

oscit- (Latin: yawning, the act of yawning; to gape).

oscula- (Latin: kiss; from "little mouth"; lip [diminutive of os-, "mouth"]).

-ose (-iose), -osic, -osity, -osely (Latin: a suffix that forms adjectives; full of, having much, or many).

-ose (-iose), -osic, -osity, -osely (Greek: a suffix; sweet wine).

A suffix that forms nouns meaning a carbohydrate, especially sugar; such as, cellulose, fructose, glycose, lactose, sorbose; a primary product of hydrolysis; such as, aplose, caseose, and proteose.

-osis, -sis, -sia, -sy, -se (Greek > Latin: a suffix; actor, process, condition, or state of; result of; expresses a state or condition [of some disease]).

osmo-, osmia-, osmi-, osm-, -osmia, -osmatic (Greek: odor; smell, smelling).

"Osmetech is currently focusing its IP development on sensors that can detect bacteria associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), bacterial vaginosis (BV) and pneumonia in ICU patients."

"When microorganisms metabolise, they emit volatile components which often have a characteristic smell. Historically, microbiologists have used the smell from a culture plate to assist in the identification of organisms. It is these volatile metabolites that the Osmetech sensor array technology is designed to detect."

osmo-, osmia-, osmi-, -osmia, -osmatic (Greek: impulse, thrust, push, impel).

osphresio-, osphresi- (Greek: to smell; pertaining to odor or to the sense of smell).

osphyo-, osphy- (Greek: loin).

osseo-, osse-, ossi- (Latin: bone, bony).

osteo-, oste-, ost- (Greek: bone).

ostraco-, ostrac-, -ostraca, -ostracan (Greek: [hard] shell; creatures having or characterized by a type of shell).

ostreo-, ostra-, ostre-, ostrei-, ostri-, ost- (Greek: oyster).

ostro- (Latin: east).

-otic (Greek: a suffix that means: state or condition of; diseased condition of).

oto-, ot-, -otic (Greek: ear; relationship to the ear).

"The human ear serves as both a detector and a generator of sound. Tiny hair cells in the inner ear convert incoming acoustic vibrations into nerve signals. But [sic] as the cells move in response to sound waves, they themselves produce faint sounds, which are known as otoacoustic emissions. By listening to these feeble signals, researchers can study in remarkable detail how the inner ear works. Now, detection of these emissions shows promise as a means of evaluating a wide range of common hearing problems involving damage to hair cells.

"To detect otoacoustic emissions, researchers insert a miniature probewhich looks somewhat like a hearing aid and contains a sound source and a sensitive microphoneinto the outer ear canal. The sound source generates either a click or a tone, and the microphone picks up the resulting ear-generated sound. In an ear with normal hearing, the faint output sound is nearly identical to the input sound."

"This type of test may prove particularly valuable because many hearing difficulties involve damage to hair cells. Such damage can be cause by exposure to prolonged or excessively loud noise, various drugs, and bacterial and viral infections.

-ous, (-ious, -eous) (Latin: a suffix; possessing the qualities of, full of, pertaining to, having the character of).

ova- (Latin: egg).

ovari-, ovario-, ova-, -ovaria, -ovarial (Latin: egg).

ovi- (Latin: egg).

ovi- (Latin: sheep).

ovo- (Latin: egg).

ovum-, ovu- (Latin: egg).

ox- (Greek: cow).

oxal-, ox- (Greek > Latin: wood sorrel; the leaves of the wood sorrel are acidic to the taste).

ozono-, ozon- ozoni-, ozo-, oz- (Greek: to smell; stink; generally used in a bad sense).

pac-, peac-, peas- (Latin: peace, calm).

pachy-, pacho-, pach- (Greek: thick, dense; large, massive).

This element is used in the formation of botanical, zoological, and pathological or medical terms.

pago-, pag- (Greek: cold, frost, freezing; fixed or hardened; united).

pago-, pag- (Greek: a "peak", but used by ecologists in the restricted sense of "foothill").

pago-, pag-, pagan- (Latin: country, district, province; rustic).

-pagus (Greek: something fixed or fastened together; a suffix that denotes conjoined twins, the first element of a word denotes the parts fused).

palaeo-, palae-, paleo-, pale- (Greek: original, ancient, primitive, old).

palato-, palat- (Latin: roof of the mouth).

pali-; palim-, palin- (Greek: recurrence, repetitious; back, backward, again; returning, repeating).

The best known palindrome is probably the remark Napoleon supposedly made when he was banished to the island of Elba after his removal as emperor of France: "Able was I ere I saw Elba." Of course there is also:

There was a special palindrome that was created for Time magazine: "Live on, Time, emit no evil."

A Latin palindrome has a sentence that not only reads backward but also has each word that reads backward: "Sator arepo tenet opera rotas." It is translated as, "Sator [a man's name] holds the handles of the plow in plowing." In addition, the first letter of each word spells the first word, Sator, the second letter of each word spells the second, arepo, and so on through the sentence, and this is also true when you do it backwards.

When Adam asked Eve who she was, she might have responded with the palindrome: "Eve, mad Adam, Eve!"

A man, a plan, a canal, Panama! (Written by English author Leigh Mercer who is said to have written it for Ferdinand de Lesseps, the man who began construction on the Panama Canal).

The famous palindrome, "NOON" when capitalized is viewed the same backward, forward, and upside down.

pall- (Greek: shake, vibration).

palli-, pallio, pallit- (Latin: mantle, covering; cloak).

To palliate, extenuate, cloak. These words, as here compared, are used in a figurative sense in reference to our treatment of wrong action. We cloak in order to conceal completely. We extenuate a crime when we endeavor to show that it is less than has been supposed; we palliate a crime when we endeavor to cover or conceal its enormity, at least in part. This naturally leads us to soften some of its features, and thus palliate approaches extenuate until they have become nearly or quite identical .

palmati- (Latin: marked with the palm of the hand; adorned with palm leaves; used primarily in the sense of "having five lobes that diverge from a common center" [as fingers from an open palm]).

palpebr- (Latin: eyelid).

palpo-, palp-, palpi- (Latin: to touch, to stroke).

paludi-, palud- (Latin: marsh, marshes, marshy; malarial).

palyn- (Greek: pollen, spores). The Greek palynein means "to sprinkle".

palynologic:

palynological:

palynologically:

palynologist:

palynology:

pan- (Latin: panis, bread).

pancreatico- (Greek: pertaining to the pancreas).

pancreo-, pancre-, pancreato-, pancreat- (Greek: pancreas [pan, "all" plus kreas, "flesh"; the idea apparently being that the pancreas is an organ composed entirely of glandular flesh).

-pand-, -pans-, -pass- (Latin: stretch, spread).

papaver- (Latin: poppy; used in extended senses to mean "pertaining to, containing, or derived from opium").

papillo-, papill-, papilli- (Latin: nipple; nipple-shaped elevation or growth).

papulo-, papul-, papuli- (Latin: pimple, pustule).

papyro-, papyr- (Greek: papyrus [singular], papyri [plural]; paper, papyros > Latin > Old French; papyrus, an Egyptian rush [a reed plant] from which material was made for writing or drawing. Used in the sense of "fibrous material on which to write or draw").

para-, par-, part-, -para, -parity, -parous, -parously, -partum (Latin: to bring forth, to bear; producing viable offspring; giving birth to; brood; secreting).

para-, par- (Greek: by the side of, beside; associated, near; past, beyond; contrary, wrong; abnormal, irregular).

para-, par- (Greek: that which protects).

parasito-, parasit-, parasiti- (Greek: eating beside, with, or at the table of [someone else]).

Used in the extended sense of "an organism that takes its nourishment from another without contributing to its host"; from para, "beside" plus sito, "food".

pari-, par- (Greek: same, equal, equality, equal value).

parieto-, pariet- (Latin: wall [of a house]; used in the extended sense of "the walls of a cavity or organ of the body").

parr- (Latin: close family member, parent).

part-, parti- (Latin: part, to divide).

partheno-, partho- (Greek: virgin, maiden, young girl).

parvo-, parvi- (Latin: [parvus] small, little; minute, minuscule).

pat- (Latin: to spread or lie open).

pauci- (Latin: few, little).

pec- (Greek: fix, make fast; use pek- before a "t").

pecca-, pecc- (Latin: err, sin, commit a crime).

During the period of British hegemony in India-Pakistan, there was some sort of uprising in the province of Sind that engendered a military response by British forces. When order was restored, the British general cabled the home office the one word: Peccavi. He apparently had no doubt that the message would be perfectly clear.

pectin- (Latin: comb).

pectoro-, pector- (Latin: breast, chest).

pediculo-, pedicul-, pedico, pedic- (Latin: louse, lousy; of lice).

pedo-, ped- (Greek: ground, soil, earth).

peer, pair (Latin: same, equal, similar).

pego-, -pegic (Greek: spring, fountain, mineral spring).

pejor- (Latin: worse).

-pel-, -peal, -pell, -pellent, puls- (Latin: drive, push, beat).

pelago-, pelag- (Greek > Latin: sea, pertaining to the sea).

pell- (Latin: skin, hide).

pelo-, pel- (Greek: mud, earth).

pelto-, pelt-, pelti- (Greek: shield).

pelveo-, pelvo-, pelvio- (Latin: basin; basin-shaped structure of the body).

pend-, pens, -pense, -pending, -pended (Latin: hang, weigh).

peni-, peno-, peo- (Greek > Latin: tail; male organ of copulation, the penis).

-penia- [singular], -penias [plural], -penic, pen-, penia- (Greek > Modern Latin: abnormal reduction, decrease in, insufficient, deficiency. Originally, the meaning was poverty, need; sometimes it is erroneously or incorrectly rendered as -poenia).

penni-, pen- (Latin: almost, nearly).

peno-, pen, poino-, poin- (Latin: punishment, penalty, pain).

penta-, pent-, pente-, pento- (Greek: five; a number used as a prefix).

penthera- (Greek: mother-in-law).

penthero- (Greek: father-in-law).

pepto-, pept-, -peptic, pepsi-, -pepsia, -pepsy (Greek: digestion, able to digest; cook; from "to cook, boil, digest").

per- (Latin: through, across, over; beyond, by means of).

peri- (Greek: around, about, near, enclosing; used as a prefix).

It should be noticed that this peri- prefix is not related to the Greek peri- elements listed in this section. It is discussed here in order to clarify its origin and to clear up any confusion that may exist about its connection to the Greek prefix form.

For more than a century (from about 1660 to 1780) decorative heads of false hair were almost universally worn by fashionable men and women in Europe. In English, such headdresses were called perukes or periwigs. Both words are derived from Italian perruca, which originally meant "bushy head of hair" and later "wig". Perruca was borrowed into French as perruque, which developed into two forms in English; peruke and periwig, which are synonymous. Periwig was shortened to wig, which is the form now in common use. The meaning of false hair, wig is first recorded in 1606, from the original use of false perruke (1565-1573).

perineo- (Greek: space between the scrotum or mons veneris and the anus).

perisso-, periss- (Greek: extraordinary, odd, odd-numbered).

peristera-, perister- (Greek: pigeon, dove).

pero- (Greek: maimed, crippled).

pesti-, pest- (Latin: plague, contagion).

peta- [PE tuh] (Greek: derived from penta-, "five"; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

Used in the metric [decimal] system as one quadrillion [U.S.] or thousand billionfold [U.K.], 10¹⁵ [1 000 000 000 000 000] The metric symbol for peta- is P.

petalo-, petal-, -petalous (Greek: leaf; from the adjective petalos, "flat, spread out").

-petalous (Greek: in botany, a suffix combining form meaning, "having a certain number or a certain shape of petals").

peti-, pet-, -pit- (Latin: seek, ask, request; strive after).

petro-, petr-, petri-, peter- (Greek > Latin: stone, rock).

-pexy, -pexia, -pexes, -pexic, -pexis, -pex (Greek: a suffix; fixing [of a specified part]; attaching to, a fastening).

Used in medical nomenclature to denote "a surgical fixation" of that which is specified by the combining root.

phaco-, phac-, phako-, phak- (Greek: lentil; lens of the eye).

phaeo-, pheo- (Greek: dusky; literally, having the color of the twilight sky).

phalacro-, phalacr- (Greek: baldheaded, bald; smooth).

phalango-, phalang- (Greek via Latin: bone between two joints of a finger or toe; line of battle; from phalanx, heavy infantry in close order [from Greek antiquity]).

Phalanx originally referred to the whole row of finger joints, and this was so called because the arrangement suggested a battle array (orderly grouping or force). It apparently is based on an ancient Greek battle formation of infantry fighting in close ranks; then it became Latin phalanx, or was borrowed directly from Greek phalanx, a line of battle; and then "finger or toe bone". Now phalanx refers to any one of those finger or toe bones.

In anatomy, the phalanx is a long bone of the digits of the hand and foot, usually with three segments in each digit, except for the thumb and great toe. The segments are referred to as the proximal, middle, and distal segments; the thumb and great toe have only proximal and distal segments. Each bone has a base, a body or shaft, and a head. The proximal phalanx is the longest of the three bones.

phallo-, phall-, phalli- (Greek: an image of the male organ of generation; a stick of wood cut as a symbol of the male organ and carried in Bacchic processions; the penis).

phanero-, phaner-, -phane, -phanic, -phanous, -phany (Greek: to show; make visible, manifest, open).

phant-, phanta-, -phant (Greek: illusion, show, appear, make visible, display, visible, show [through], shine [through]).

pharc-, phark-, pharcido-, pharcid-, pharkido-, pharkid- (Greek: pharkis, wrinkled).

pharmaco-, pharmac-, -pharmic (Greek: drug, medicine; poison).

pharyngo-, pharyng- (Greek: pharynx [the alimentary canal between the palate and the esophagus]; part of the neck or throat).

-phasia, -phasic, -phasis, -phasy (Greek: talk, speak, say).

phasmato-, phasmat-, phasmo-, phasm- (Greek: apparition, phantom).

-phemia, -phemic, -phemism, -pheme (Greek: speak, speech).

phengo-, pheng- (Greek: light, splendor, luster, sunlight, daylight).

pheno-, phen-, phenomeno-, -phen (Greek: to show, appear, or display; making evident; literally, "to come" or "bring to light").

phero-, pher- (Greek: bear, support; go).

phi (Greek: the twenty-first letter of the Greek alphabet).

philema-, philem-, philemato-, philemat- (Greek: kiss, a kiss).

phimo-, phim- (Greek: a muzzling; that which stops an opening).

phlebo-, phleb- (Greek: vein, blood vessel [from the verb, phlein, "to flow"]).

phlego-, phleg-(Greek [phlegmatikos] & Latin [phlegmaticus]: heat, inflammation; burn, inflame).

phlogo-, phlog-, phlox (Greek: fire, flame; inflammation).

phono-, phon- (Greek: phono[s]; slaughter, murder, homicide).

phoro-, phor-, -phora, -phorous, -phoresis, -phore, -phori, -phoria (Greek > Latin: bearer, to bear, carrying; producing, transmission; directing, turning).

phrag-, phragmo-, phragm-, phrax- (Greek: fence, wall off, stop up).

phras-, phra-, -phrasia, -phrase, -phrastic (Greek: talk, speak, say).

phreato-, phreat-, phreati- (Greek: well, reservoir, ground water).

phreto-, phret- (Greek: well, reservoir, a tank).

phront-, phorntid-; phronemo-, phron- (Greek: thought, care, attention; think, thinking, contemplation).

The Greeks had a word, phrontisterion, to indicate a place for thought and study or a "thinking-shop" (think tank?). Aristophanes (c. 450-c. 380 B.C.), was an Athenian dramatist who is known to have written more than 40 comedies that gave satiric expression to his strong, conservative prejudices against certain trends and personalities in the Athens of his day. It was this Aristophanes who used the Greek equivalent of phrontistery to ridicule the school of Socrates.

The Greek noun was derived from phrontistes (philosopher, profound thinker, one with intellectual pretensions) from the verb phrontizein (to reflect), based on phrontis (thought, reflection). The word phrontist applies to a "deep thinker," a "person involved in study, reflection, meditation," and it, too, in its Greek form, was applied ironically by Aristophanes to Socrates himself.

phryno-, phryn- (Greek: toad).

phtheiro-, phtheir-, phthirio-, phthiri- (Greek: louse, lice).

phthisio-, phthis-, phthi- (Greek: decay, waste away).

phyo-, phy- (Greek: beget, bring forth, produce, be by nature).

phyco-, phyc- (Greek: alga, algae; seaweed).

phylacto-, phylact-, phylac-, phylax- (Greek: guard, protect, preserve).

phyllo-, phyll-, -phyll, -phyllous (Greek: leaf, leaves).

phylo-, phyl- (Greek: tribe, race; class; clan).

physalo-, physal-, physali- (Greek: bubble).

phys-, physa-, physe- (Greek: blow, inflate).

physico-, physic-, physio-, physi-, phy- (Greek: nature, natural, inborn [make grow, produce]).

physo-, phys- (Greek: breath, wind; pertaining to air or gas; bellows, bladder, bubble; swollen; as seen in many modern scientific terms).

phyto-, phyt-, -phyte (Greek: a plant; growth [growing in a specified way or place; produce]).

pi (Greek: the sixteenth letter of the Greek alphabet).

pici-, pic- (Latin: woodpecker).

pica (Latin: magpie; related to Latin, picus, "woodpecker").

pico- [PEE koh] (Italian: very small or from Spanish, "beak, tip, very small"; and from Latin, beccus, beak; also, a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

picro-, picr- (Greek: bitter, sharp, pungent).

piezo-, piez- (Greek: to press; pressure).

pigmento-, pigment- (Latin: "paint"; bodily coloring).

pileo-, pile- (Latin: cap).

pilo-, pil-, pili- (Latin: hair).

It is present in varying numbers in different parts of the body surface but it is absent in others such as the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, glans penis, inner surfaces of clitoris, and labia minora. It also varies in length, thickness, color, shape, and waviness in different parts of the body and in different individuals.

pimelo-, pimel-, pimele- (Greek: [soft] fat).

pineal-, pinea- (Latin: pine tree, relating to the pine; shaped like a cone).

pinnati- (Latin: feathered; featherlike).

pinni-, pin- (Latin: feather; pointed peg used as a fastener).

pino-, pin- (Greek: a combining form confused between three Greek roots and may mean "hunger", "dirt", or "drink"; and there is one Latin form referring to the "pine tree").

pio-, pi-, pion- (Greek: fat).

pisci-, pisc- (Latin: fish).

pitheco-, pithec-, -pithecan, -pithecoid (Greek: ape, monkey).

pituit- (Latin: phlegm, rheum).

plac-, placi-, -plais (Latin: peace, calm; to please, satisfy).

placento-, placent-, placenta- (Latin: flat cake; cakelike mass, especially the uterine organ that connects the mother to the child by way of the umbilical cord).

plagiar- (Latin: a literary thief; "plunderer, oppressor, kidnapper" [one who "abducts the child or slave of another"]; then by extension, to take and use the thoughts, writings, etc. of someone else and represent or claim them as one's own).

plagio-, plagi- (Greek: sideways, slanting, sloping).

plano-, plan-, plani- (Latin: flat, level).

planta-, plant- (Latin: sole of the foot).

plasmo-, plasm-, plast- plasma-, plasmato-, -plasmat-, -plasia, -plasis, -plasm, -plasmatic, -plasmic, -plast, -plastic, -plasy, -plasty (Greek: something made, molded, or formed).

platy-, plat-, platino-, platt- (Greek: broad, wide; flat, level).

plaud-, plaus-, plod-, plos- (Latin: applause, to clap, strike, beat, to clap the hands).

Originally a theatrical word applied to an actor, meaning to drive him off the stage by making noise; drive out, reject: to drive off (the stage) by clapping. By extension, to drive out with violence and sudden noise, and then the sense of to go off with a loud noise, as a bomb does. "The change of the Latin diphthong au to long o is due to dialectal influence."

ple-, pleini-, plen-, plet- (Latin: fill, full).

pleb- (Latin: common people, common multitude; as opposed to the patricians [upper-class citizens] of Roman times).

plecto-, pleco- (Greek: plaited, twisted).

-plegia, -pleg, -plegic, -plegy (Greek: used as a suffix; paralysis [stroke, blow, strike]).

pleio-, plei-, pleo-, pleon-, pleio- (Greek: more, most, full).

pleo- (Greek: more, most, full).

plesio-, plesi- (Greek: near; resembling that which is named by the combining root).

plethor-, plethysmo- (Greek: excess, superabundance, overly full, fullness; increase).

pleuro-, pleur- (Greek: side, rib; a thin membrane with two layers that line the chest cavity).

One lining the outside of the lungs and the other the inside of the chest cavity; fluid between the two layers provides lubrication and so allows smooth, uniform expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing; pertaining to the side.

pleusto-, pleust- (Greek: to sail, to float; flow).

-plex, -plexity, -plexus, -ple, -pli, -plic, -plicat, -plicit, -plicate, -plication, -ply, plici- (Latin: bend, curve, turn, fold, twine, twist, interweave, weave).

-plexia, -plexias, -plexies, -plexy, -plectic, -plexic (Greek: used as a suffix; stroke, wound; used in medicine to denote "a condition resulting from a stroke").

-ploid-, -ploidy-, -plo- (Greek: a fold; folded).

plum-, plumi-, -plume (Latin: feather).

plumbo-, plumb-, plumbi- (Latin: lead, Pb, [the metal]).

pluri-, plur-, plu- (Latin: more, many).

pluto-, plut- (Greek: wealth, wealthy, rich).

pluv-, pluvio-, pluvi- (Latin: rain).

pneo-, -pnea, -pneic, -pnoea, -pnoeic, -pneo (Greek: air, wind; breathing).

pneumato-, pneumat- (Greek: air, wind, breath; presence of air; spirit).

pneumo-, pneum-, pneumono-, pneumon- (Greek: lung [breath]).

pnigo-, pnig-, pnigmato-, pnigmat- (Greek: choke, stifle, smother).

Some pnigeraphobics feel that their air supply will be cut off when they are in a closed, crowded space; such as, when they are in an elevator in which they dread that there may not be enough air for everyone to breathe. Such individuals may also abhor having their faces covered with blankets, masks for anesthesia, or anything that they perceive which might interfere with their breathing.

pneumo-, pneum-, pneumono-, pneumon- (Greek: lung [breath]).

po-, poo-, -poa- (Greek: grass, a grassy place; meadow, meadows).

-poeia, -poie, -peia, -poiesis, -poesis, -poeic, -poetic, -poietic, -poetical, -poietical (Greek: making, producing, creating, creative, forming, formation).

pogo-, pogono-, -pogon (Greek: beard).

poikilo-, poikil- [on some occasions, poecilo-, poecil-] (Greek: varied, irregular, mottled).

pol- (Greek: axis of a sphere).

polem- (Greek: war, warlike, pertaining to war; battle).

polio- (Greek: gray; pertaining to the "gray matter" of the nervous system, brain, and the spinal cord).

polis-, polit-, poli- (Greek: city; method of government).

pollaki- (Greek: frequent, frequently).

pollen (Latin: fertilizing male elements of flowers; fine flour; milldust; spores; powder).

pomo-, pom-, pomi- (Latin: fruit, fruit tree).

pon-, posit-, pos-, -poning, -poned, -ponency, -ponent, -ponement, -pound (Latin: place, put).

pono-, pon-, -ponic, -ponics (Greek: toil, labor, work hard, fatigue; exertion; also, suffering, pain).

ponto-, pont-, pon- (Latin: bridge).

popu- (Latin: people).

porc-, pork- (Latin: pig, hog).

porno-, porn- (Greek: harlot, prostitute).

poro-, por-, pori- (Greek > Latin > Old French: passageway, used primarily as "a pore, a small orifice"; opening; cavity, tract).

porphyro-, porphyr-, porpho-, porph- (Greek: the color purple from purple-fish; hence, purple dye; obtained from the purple-fish; hence, "purple").

port- (Latin: door, gate, entrance, harbor).

-posia, -posium (Greek > Latin: drinking; a word termination [suffix] denoting a relationship to drinking or the intake of fluids).

post- (Latin: after, behind, later, subsequent; used as a prefix).

postero- (Latin: after, behind, following; used as a prefix).

potamo-, potam- (Greek: river, stream).

poten-, pot-, poss-, -potent, -potence, -potency, -potential (Latin: power, strength, ability).

potash (Dutch > New Latin: potassium carbonate).

poto-, pot- (Latin: drink).

pragmato-, pragmat- (Greek > Latin: current meaning is "practical").

It started in Greek with the meanings: "to do, act, perform"; then it meant "civil business, deed, act"; and into Latin as, "skilled in business or law". The meaning concerned with "practical results or values" is first recorded in the form pragmatical (1597) and later as pragmatic in 1853.

prandial- (Latin: prandium, literally, that which is eaten early).

By extension, of or relating to a meal; such as, lunch or a late breakfast; however, dictionary definitions use "dinner" as the primary meaning for this element.

pratin-, pratini- (Latin: meadow-green, grassy).

pre- (prae-) (Latin: before [both in time and place]; used as a prefix).

pred- (Latin: prey).

pregnan-, pregn- (Latin: with child).

prehend-, prehens- (Latin: to clasp, seize, reach, attain, hold).

presbyo-, presby- (Greek: old, relationship to old age, elderly, elder; literally, he that goes first).

press-, presso-, pressi-, -prim-, -prin- (Latin: press, to bear down on or against).

priap- (Greek, Priapos > Latin Priapus: god of procreation shown with a large penis; by extension, it means "penis").

Priapus, the son of Venus and Mercury [or Bacchus], is the god of procreation and hence of gardens and vineyards, as the embodiment of the generative force in nature. The Priapic cult was associated with the worship of the membrum virile [penis], and Priapus became equivalent to a satyr and the phallus, and priapism became a synonym of lewdness because it was represented as a phallac symbol; even as a phallus scarecrow in ancient gardens. Priapus is now a common noun and means the penis, especially in medicine; although rarely is it used in psychiatry.

With the introduction of Viagra® tablets to induce erection in men, new problems are appearing. Now newspapers are writing about priapism, formerly a persistent abnormal erection of the penis, usually without sexual desire or stimulation, and accompanied by pain and tenderness because it was caused by some form of disease. Now a man may have priapism triggered by Viagra®. There is also priapitis, inflammation of the penis, which might be related to Viagra® priapism or be the result of a disease.

What happens is that blood flows into the penis, but is unable to drain as it would in a normally flaccid penis. Considering that the penis provides little room for blood to circulate, the blood becomes stagnant after a while, acidifies, and loses oxygen. Without oxygen, the red blood cells become stiff, and even less able to squeeze their way out of the penis.

Whatever the cause, priapism is considered a serious matter. If the priapism lasts for three or four hours, the spongy tissues of the penis may be permanently damaged, which can make future erection impossible. When a man has an erection that continues for no apparent reason (or after ingesting Viagra®), he should call a physician or go to a hospital emergency room as soon as possible. Priapism is an emergency and should be treated as such!

prim-, primi-, primo- (Latin: first, chief, foremost).

prin- (Latin: first, chief).

privat-, priv- (Latin: individual; not in public life).

pro-, por- (Greek > Latin: before; forward; for, in favor of; in front of; in place of, on behalf of; used as a prefix).

Before:

Forward:

For, in favor of:

In front of:

In place of, on behalf of:

problem- (Greek > Latin: literally, "something thrown forward, to throw forward").

procto-, proct- (Greek: anus, rectum).

prodigy (Latin: sign, omen, portent; a wonder, a person [especially a child] endowed with extraordinary qualities).

proli-, prol- (Latin: offspring, child).

pron- (Latin: inclined, face down).

proprio-, propri- (Latin: one's own).

pros- (Greek: toward, in addition to, nearby; to, against; at, near).

proso-, pros- (Greek: forward, further; anterior).

prosop- (Greek: face).

prostato-, prostat- (Greek: one who stands before, in front of; refers primarily to the prostate gland [so named because it "stands before" the mouth of the bladder]).

protero-, proter- (Greek: former, earlier, older).

proto-, prot- (Greek: first, original; used as a prefix).

proximo-, proxim- (Latin: nearest, next).

pruri-, prur-, prurit- (Latin: itch, itching; be wanton, be eager for).

psammo-, psamm-, psamme- (Greek: sand).

psellismo-, psellism- (Greek: stammering; faltering in speech).

psepho-, pseph- (Greek > Latin: pebble/pebbles, stone/stones; election; vote).

To cast one's vote with a pebble, to count, reckon; from small stone, pebble [used in counting or voting]. Pebbles were used in ancient Greece for casting votes, and so psephos came to metaphorically mean, "vote".

pseudo-, pseud- (Greek: false, deception, lying, untrue, counterfeit; used as a prefix).

psi (Greek: the twenty-third letter of the Greek alphabet).

psilo-, psil- (Greek: bare, smooth, plain, mere).

psittacine [psittakos-, Greek; psittacinus-, Latin] (Greek > Latin: parrot).

psoro-, psor- (Greek: itch, mange).

psychro-, psychr- (Greek: cold).

psylli-, psyll- (Greek > Latin: flea).

ptarmo-, ptarm- (Greek: sneeze, a sneezing).

pterido-, pterid- (Greek: fern [from pter[on], "feather, wing"]).

ptero-, pter-, -ptera, -pteron, -pteryx, -ptery, -pterous (Greek: feather, wing, winglike).

pterygo-, pteryg- (Greek: wing).

ptilo-, ptil-, ptilono- (Greek: feather [soft], down).

ptocho-, ptoch- (Greek: one who crouches, a beggar, poor; pauper).

-ptosia, pto-, -ptosis, -ptoma, -ptot- (Greek: fall, a falling down of an organ; drooping, sagging).

ptyalo-, ptyal-, ptya-, pty- (Greek: spittle, salivia; salivary gland).

puber-, pubo-, pub-, pubio- (Latin: adult, mature; sign of [sexual] maturity, especially the growth of pubic hair; extended to mean the "pubic bone").

Puberty is defined as a sequence of events by which a child becomes a young adult, characterized by the beginning of gametogenesis, secretion of gonadal hormones, and the development of secondary sexual characteristics and reproductive functions. In girls, the first signs of puberty may be evident at age eight with the process largely completed by age 16; in boys, puberty commonly begins at ages 10-12 and is largely completed by age 1
8. Ethnic and geographic factors often influence the time at which various events typical of puberty occur.

publi-, pub- (Latin: people, belonging to the people, concerning people, population).

pudendum- [singular] pudenda- [plural] (Latin: originally, "that which one should be ashamed of"; the external organs of generation).

puer- (Latin: boy, child).

pugn-, pug- (Latin: fight).

pulic-, puli- (Latin: flea).

pulmo-, pulmoni-, pulmono-, pulmon-, -pulmonary, -pulmonic (Latin: lung, lungs).

pulpo-, pulp-, pulpi- (Latin: flesh; used in reference to the tissue that exists in a tooth).

puls-, pulsi-, pulso-, -puls, -pulse, -pulsion, -pulsive (Latin: push, beat, strike, knock, drive).

pulver-, pulv-, pulvi- (Latin: dust).

pulvin-, pulvill- (Latin: cushion).

pung-, punc-, punct- (Latin: pierce, sting, bite; dot, mark; point, sharp point, pinpoint).

pupillo-, pupill- (Latin: [diminutive of pupa, a young girl, doll or puppets] the pupil of the eye; the larva of insects).

The term pupil came into existence because when one looked closely into another person's eyes, he/she could see the reflections of little images ["dolls" or "puppets"] of her/himself.

purg- (Latin: clean, cleanse, purify).

puro-, pur-, puru- (Latin: pus).

-pus (Greek: a suffix; foot).

put-, puta-, -pute, -puter, -puting, -putation, -putative (Latin: trim, prune, lop, clean; think over, consider, reckon, count).

pyo- (Greek: pus).

pycno-, pycn-, pykno-, pykn- (Greek: close, compact, thick, fast; frequent).

pyelo-, pyel- (Greek: pelvis, especially of the kidney; from "tub, vat, basin, and trough").

pygo-, pyg-, -pyga, -pygia (Greek: rump, buttocks, bottom; rear end; butt; the posterior part of the body).

pykno- (Greek: thick, compact, dense; frequent).

pyl-, pyle- (Greek: door, gate, entrance; orifice).

pyloro-, pylor-, pylori- (Greek: gatekeeper; lower gastric orifice through which the contents of the stomach enter the duodenum).

pyo-, py- (Greek: pus; purulent).

pyreto-, -pyrexia, -pyrexias, pyrito- (Greek: fever, burning heat).

pyro-, pyr- (Greek: fire, burn; and sometimes "fever"; heat, produced by heating).

quadri-, quadra-, quad-, quadru- (Latin: four; a number used as a prefix).

quant-, quanti- (Latin: how much; as much as, how many; amount).

quas- (Latin: to make void, annul; originally from the Latin meaning of, "to shake violently, to shatter").

quasi- (Latin: as if, as it were, as though; somewhat like, resembling, seemingly).

quatr-, quart- (Latin: fourth, four; a number used as a prefix).

querc- (Latin: oak; used to designte any of a variety of chemical substances derived from oak bark or acorns).

quies-, -quiet-, -quit- (Latin: rest, quiet, silent).

quinqu-, quinqua-, quinque-, quin- (Latin: five; a number used as a prefix).

quint-, quinti-, quintu- (Latin: fifth; a number used as a prefix).

racem- (Latin: cluster of grapes or berries).

rachio-, rachi-, rach-, rachis-, rhach-, rhachi-, rhachio- (Greek: spine, backbone).

radic-, radi- (Latin: root).

radiculo-, radicul- (Latin: little root; pertaining to nerve roots).

radio-, radi-, rad- (Latin: ray, radiating [the Latin word for the spokes of a wheel is radius]).

rami-, ram- (Latin: branch).

rani-, ran- (Latin: frog).

rap-, rav- (Latin: tearing away, seizing, swift, rapid; snatch away, seize, carry off; from Latin rapere, "to seize by force and carry off").

re-, red- (Latin: back, backward, again; used as a prefix).

recti-, rect- (Latin: right, straight; to lead, in a straight line; to rule).

recto-, rect- (Latin: straight [intestine], direct, right; that is, "the part of the large intestine that ends at the anus").

reflexo- (Latin: to turn back, bring back).

regi-, reg-, rex (Latin: rule, govern).

reno-, ren-, reni- (Latin: kidney or kidneys).

reptil-, rept- (Latin: creeping).

reticulo-, reticul-, reti-, ret- (Latin: net, small net; a netlike structure, a network).

retino-, retin- (Latin: innermost tunic of the eye; from Latin, ret[e], "net" plus -ina, "like").

retro-, retr- (Latin: back, backward, behind; used as a prefix).

rhabdo-, rhabd- (Greek: rod; twig, stick, strip, branch; rod-shaped, striated).

rhampho-, rhamph- (Greek: curved beak).

rhapho-, rhaph-, rhap-, -rhaph, -rhaphy, -orrhaphy, -rrhaphy (Greek: suture, stitching, joining in a seam).

rhem- (Greek: a thing said; word; term).

rheo-, rhea-, rhe-, rhy- (Greek: a flow, wave; current of a stream, current; electrical current).

rheum-, rheuma-, rheumato-, rheumat- (Greek: flux, that which flows; a stream; discharge).

Pertaining to rheumatism, a disease characterized by inflammation of the joints and muscles; originally, a disease characterized by a discharge of one or another of the body's "humors".

rhicno-, rhicn- (Greek: shriveled, withered, wrinkled).

rhigo-, rhig- (Greek: cold, frost; shiver).

rhipido-, rhipid-, rhipi- (Greek: fan, fanlike; having a fanlike structure).

rhizo-, rhiz- (Greek: root).

rho (Greek: the seventeenth letter of the Greek alphabet).

rhodo-, rhod- (Greek: the color rose [red]; roselike, rose-colored).

rhombo-, rhomb-, rhombi- (Greek: that which may be turned or spun around; magician's circle; equilateral parallelogram in which only the opposite angles are equal).

rhoncho-, rhonch- (Greek: a snoring; to snore; from beak, snout).

rhyncho-, rhynch-, -rhyncha, -rhynchous (Greek: snout, beak).

rhypo-, rhyp- (Greek: filth; dirt).

rhythmo- (Greek: regularly recurring motion; measured motion).

rhytido-, rhytid-, rhyti-, rhyt- (Greek: regularly recurring motion; measured motion).

rhytid-, rhitid- (Greek: wrinkle, wrinkling; folding).

rigi-, rig- (Latin: stiff, hard, numb).

rim- (Latin: crack, chink).

ripari-, ripa-, rip- (Latin: river bank or stream).

rod-, ros- (Latin: gnaw, eat away).

roentgeno-, roentgen- (German: radiation, "x-ray").

So called after its discoverer, a German physicist Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen [1845-1923], who discovered "roentgen" rays [x-rays]. in 1895; winner of the Nobel prize in physics in 1901.

rog-, roga-, -rogate, -rogation, -rogatory (Latin: ask, inquiry, request, beg).

roseo-, ros- (Latin: the color rose).

rostro-, rostr-, rostri- (Latin: beak).

roti-, rot- (Latin: wheel [turn]).

rotundi-, rotundo-, rotund- (Latin: round, rounded; from Latin, rota, "wheel").

-rrhagia, -rrhage, -rrhagic (Greek > Latin: a suffix; a bursting forth, excessive flow).

-rrhea, -rrhoea, -orrhea (Greek > Latin: flow, flowing).

rub-, rubi- (Latin: the color red).

rudi-, rud- (Latin: rough, unformed, unwrought; ignorant, untutored).

rugo-, rug- (Greek > Latin: wrinkle, ridge, fold).

rupt-, -rupting, -ruption (Latin: break, tear, rend; burst).

rust-, rus-, rura-, ruri- (Latin: country, farm, land; of the country, simple; live in the country).

saccharo-, sacchari-, sacchar- (Greek > Latin: sugar; originally from Sanskrit, "gravel, grit").

sacco-, sacc-, sacci- (Greek > Latin: bag).

sacro-, sacr- (Latin: sacred, holy).

sacro-, sacr- (Latin: bone at the lower end of the spine; os sacrum, "sacred bone").

So called because it was thought never to disintegrate; the triangular bone just below the lumbar vertebrae, usually formed by five fused vertebrae [sacral vertebrae] that are wedged dorsally between the two hip bones.

sag-, sagaci- (Latin: wise, shrewd, keen perception).

sagitto-, sagitt- (Latin: arrow).

sali-, -sali-, salt-, -sult-, (Latin: to leap, to jump, to spring).

saliva (Latin: spittle, the fluid secreted in the mouth).

salpingo-, salping- (Greek: tube, trumpet).

salvat-, salv- (Latin: save; safe).

sana-, sani-, san- (Latin: healthy, whole; by extension: cure, heal, take care of).

sanct- (Latin: sacred, holy).

Verbs: 1. To ratify or confirm by sanction or solemn enactment; to invest with legal or sovereign authority; to make valid or binding.
2. To permit authoritatively; to authorize; in a looser use, to countenance, encourage by express or implied approval.
3. To allege sanction for; to justify as permissible.
4. To enforce (a law, legal obligation, etc.) by attaching a penalty to transgression.
5. To impose sanctions upon (a person), to penalize.

sanguio-, sanguin-, sangui- (Latin: blood).

sani- (Latin: healthy; cure).

sap-, sapi- (Latin: wise, wisdom, to be wise, to have wisdom; to know, knowledge; to taste [of], to perceive).

sapo-, sap-, sapon-, saponi- (Latin: soap).

sapro-, sapr-, sap- (Greek: rotten, putrid, decaying).

sarco-, sarc-, -sarcous, -sarc, -sarcoma, -sarcomatous, -sarcomatoid (Greek: flesh, meat).

satan (Hebrew and Greek: the devil, the adversary).

satis-, sati-, sat- (Latin: enough).

satyr- (Greek > Latin: a woodland deity, part man and part goat; riotous merriment and lechery).

From Greek mythology: any of a class of minor woodland deities, attendant on Bacchus, usually represented as having pointed ears, short horns, the head and body of a man, and the legs of a goat, and as being fond of riotous merriment and lechery; or an unrestrained, excessive indulgence of sexual desires. Current meanings include: A lustful or lecherous man; a man having satyriasis [abnormal and uncontrollable desire by a man for sexual intercourse with women]. Satyromania, the male equivalent of nymphomania.

saxi-, sax- (Latin: rock, rocky, stone, broken rock, rough stone).

scabio-, scabi-, scab- (Latin: rough, scurfy, scabby, mangy, itchy).

scan-, sca- (Latin: climb, mount).

scapho-, scaph- (Greek: boat-shaped [often refers to bones]; shaped like the hull of a boat; dug out like a boat; trench; deep vessel).

scapulo-, scapul-, -scapula, -scapular (Latin: the flat, triangular bone in the back of the shoulder; the shoulder blade).

scato-, scat-, skato-, skat- (Greek: dung, feces, excrement).

scelero-, sceler- (Latin: wickedness, evil deed, crime).

scend-, scen-, scand-, scans- (Latin: climb; mount).

schisto-, schist-, schis-, -schisia, -scisis (Greek: split, cleft).

schizo-, schiz- (Greek: split, cleft).

sci-, -science, -sciently, -scientific, -scientifically, -scient, -sciently (Latin: know, learn, knowledge).

scintill- (Latin: light, shine, spark, sparkle, twinkle).

scio-, sci-, scia- (Greek: shade, shadow; ghost).

sclero-, scler- (Greek: hard, hardening).

scoleco-, scolec-, scoleci- (Greek: worm).

scolio-, scoli-, skoli- (Greek: curvature, curved, twisted, crooked).

scopi- (Latin: thin branches; hence, broom, brush).

scopo-, scop-, scept-, skept-, -scope-, -scopy, -scopia, -scopic, -scopist (Greek: see, view, sight, look at, examine).

scorbuti-, scorbut- (Latin: pertaining to, or having scurvy [a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C in the body, characterized by weakness, anemia, spongy gums, bleeding from the mucous membranes, etc.]).

scoto-, scot-, skoto-, skot- (Greek: darkness; blindness).

scrofulo-, scroful- (Latin: breeding sow).

In the extended sense, it pertains to scrofula, a tubercular swelling, especially of the lymphatic glands [so named, perhaps, because the swelling resembles the shape of a sow or a female hog]).

scroto-, scrot- (Latin: the pouch that holds the testes; a purse; probably a variant of scortum, a skin, hide, or of scrautum; a leather bag for holding arrows; akin to scrupus, a sharp stone).

scrut- (Latin: search, investigation).

scut-, scute- (Latin: shield).

se- (Latin: aside, apart from, without, by itself; used as a prefix).

sebasto-, sebast- (Greek: reverence; venerable, august).

sebo-, seb-, sebi- (Latin: tallow, suet, fat, fatty; grease; by extension, "pertaining to a suetlike secretion of the body").

sec-, seg-, -sect, -section, -sectional (Latin: to cut).

second-, secund-, secundi- (Latin: second, following).

secreto-, secret- (Latin: the glandular extraction or elaboration of a natural substance).

sed-, sedat-, -sid, -sess (Latin: sit).

seleno-, selen- (Greek: moon).

geoselenic:

Selene:

selenian:

selenite:

selenium:

selenocentric:

selenodesy:

selenodont:

selenogamia:

selenogault:

selenograph:

selenographer:

selenographic:

selenography:

selenol:

selenological:

selenologist:

selenology:

selenomorphology:

selenophobia:

selenoplegia:

selenoplexia:

selenotrope:

selenotropic:

selenotropism:

tetraselenodont:

semeio-, sema-, semato-, semat-, semasio-, semio- (Greek: signal, sign, mark).

semen, semin- (Latin: seed).

semi- (Latin: half, partly, twice; used as a prefix).

semper (Latin: always, ever, at all times, on each occasion).

sen-, sene-, seni-, sir- (Latin: old age, old, elder).

sep-, sept- (Latin: to separate; a fence, a hedge; a wall).

sepsi-, sep-, septi-, septico-, septo-, -sepsis, -septic, -septicemia, -septicemic (Greek: decay, rot, putrefactive).

septi-, sept-, septem- (Latin: seven, seventh).

These are the principal stars of the Great Bear which is located in the region of the north celestial pole and are more commonly perceived as the "Big Dipper".

sequ-, sequi-, secut-, suit-, -sue (Latin: follow).

sequest-, sequestr- (Latin: to give up for safe keeping; a depository, trustee; to shut up illegally).

sera- (Latin: a bar [for fastening a door], a bolt).

serendipity (Arabic: the gift of finding interesting things by chance; the faculty of finding valuable or agreeable things not sought for; an apparent aptitude for making fortunate discoveries accidently).

seri-, ser- (Latin: a row, succession, sequence, series).

serico-, seric-, seri- (Greek > Latin: silk).

From Greek, serikos, silken; literally, pertaining to the Seres, the Asian people from whom the Greeks first obtained silk. Don't confuse this seri- with another seri- in "serial" or "series" and serio- in "serious", etc.

sermo-, serm- (Latin: a speaking, talking, conversation, diction; literally, that which is put together in a certain order).

sero-, ser-, seri- (Latin: serum, whey; watery substance; serum, in connection with serum).

serra-, serri-, serr- (Latin: saw, saw-tooth).

serv- (Latin: to be a slave, to serve; slave).

From Latin servire, to be a slave, to serve; from servus, slave, which is an Etruscan loan word. The Latin servus is not related to servare, to save, preserve.

serv- (Latin: safe; to save, saved, preserved; from servare).

seto-, set-, seti- (Latin: bristle).

sex-, sexi-, sext- (Latin: six, sixth; a number used as a prefix).

sex (Latin: sexus; originally it meant "division" and is related to secare, "to cut". Don't confuse this "sex" element with another one that means "six").

sheol (Hebrew: the grave; hell; pit).

shrine (Latin: scrinium, a case, chest, or box).

A case, box, or receptacle; especially one in which are deposited sacred relics, bones of a saint, or sacred books and documents.

sialo-, sial- (Greek: saliva; spittle, foam from the mouth; the salivary glands).

sicca-, sicc- (Latin: drying, dry, withered).

sidero-, sider- (Greek: iron; things made of iron).

sidero-, sider- (Latin: star).

sigma (Greek: the eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet).

sigmoido-, sigmo- (Greek: sigmoeides, shaped like the letter sigma; pertaining to the sigmoid flexure, the S-shaped bend in the colon; a combining form that usually denotes the sigmoid colon).

sign- (Latin: mark, token, sign).

silico-, silic- (Latin: flint, quartz, sand; a crystalline compound [SiO²]).

simal-, simil-, simul-, -semble (Latin: same, like, alike; same time).

sinapi-, sinap-, sin- (Greek: mustard).

sinistro-, sinistr- (Latin: left, on the left side; at, toward, or using the left; left-handed; used as a prefix).

sinu-, sin- (Latin: curve, hollow).

siphono-, siphon- (Greek: tube, siphon).

sist- (Latin: cause to stand, put, place; to stand still).

sitio-, siti-, sito-, sit- (Greek: food).

skel-, scel- (Greek: leg).

skeleto-, skelet-, skele- (Greek > Latin: dried up, withered, mummy; the bony and some of the cartilaginous framework of the body of animals).

skio-, ski-, skia- (Greek: shade, shadow).

skoto-, skot- (Greek: dark, darkness; blindness).

soceri-, socer- (Latin: father-in-law).

socio-, soci- (Latin: companion, partner, ally; interpersonal relationships).

socra-, socr- (Latin: mother-in-law).

sodio-, sodi-, sodo-, sod- (Latin: glasswort, saltwort; hence, sodium carbonate [which may be derived from the ashes of burned glasswort or saltwort]).

sodom- (Hebrew > Greek > Latin: inhabitant of Sodom).

In the King James Version of the Bible, we read in Genesis 19: 1: And there came two angels to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom: and Lot seeing them rose up to meet them; and he bowed himself with his face toward the ground.

4. But before they [the angels] lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, compassed the house round, both old and young, all the people from every quarter:

5. And they called unto Lot, and said unto him, Where are the men which came in to thee this night? Bring them out unto us, that we may know them [meaning, have sex with them].

For further information as to what happened to the cities of Sodom and Gomorah, get a Bible and read all of Chapter 19 in Genesis.

sol-, soli-, solo- (Latin: sun).

sola-, sol- (Latin: comfort, encourage, cheer; consolation).

soleno-, solen- (Greek: channel, pipe).

soli-, sol- (Latin: one, alone, only).

solid- (Latin: whole; hence, "firm, sound").

solv-, -solu-, solut-, -sol, -soluble, -solubility, -solvent (Latin: loosen, dissolve; untie, set free).

soma-, som-, somat-, somato-, -soma, -some, -somus, -somia, -somic, -somal, -somite, -somatous, -somatia, -somatic (Greek: body; mass).

somni-, somno-, somn-, -somnia, -somniac (Latin: sleep; dream).

A person will die from total lack of sleep sooner than from starvation. Death will occur after about ten days without sleep; starvation takes a few weeks. A no-sleep death is no gradual fade away affair—it is preceded by insanity.

Somnus is said to have lived in "a cave from which all light was excluded, and to which all sounds and noises of the world penetrated either not at all or dully muffled." The rooster never called there to Aurora, nor was there a watchdog or goose to disturb the silence. No wild beast, nor cattle, nor branches rustled with the wind, nor sound of human conversation or clamor of tongues broke the stillness. There was only the gently flowing river Lethe, the river of forgetfulness, and by its murmur enticed those who heard it to sleep. Poppies grew by the door of the cave, from whose juices Night distilled slumbers that she scattered over the darkened earth. There was no gate to creak on its hinges, nor any watchman to call out.

Somnus lay asleep on a couch of black ebony adorned with black downy-soft plumes and black curtains. Around him lay dreams, some even sat on his head; resembling various forms, as many as the harvest produces stalks of grain, or the forest leaves, or the seashore grains of sand.

Whenever anyone was able to see Somnus, he was holding a poppy of forgetfulness or a horn from which trickled the drops of slumber. His twin brother was Mors (Greek: Thanatos) or Death, often represented as a quiet, pensive youth with wings, who stood beside a funeral urn decorated with a funeral wreath. Sometimes he held an extinguished torch in his hand.

sono-, son-, sona-, -sonous, -sonic, -sonically (Latin: sound).

sopho-, soph-, sophic, -soph, -sopher, -sophy, -sophical, -sophically, -sophist (Greek: wise, wisdom; knowledge).

sopor-, sop- (Latin: sleep, deep sleep).

sorb-, sorpt- (Latin: to suck in).

soror-, sorori-, soro- (Latin: sister [family member]).

spano-, span- (Greek: scarce, scarcity).

spasmo-, spasm-, spas- (Greek: draw, tear, rend, pull; tension, convulsion; sudden, involuntary contractions).

spec-, spic-, spect-, spectat-, spectro- -spectr, -spectful, -spection, -spective (Latin: see, sight, look, appear, behold, and examine).

speleo-, spele-, spelaeo-, spelae-, spel-, -spelean, -spelaean (Greek > Latin: cave, cavern).

spermo-, sperm-, spermato-, spermat- (Latin: seed, germ; pertaining to semen).

-sperse, -spersed, -spersing, -spersion (Latin: to scatter, strew, sprinkle).

spheco-, sphec-, spheko-, sphek- (Greek: wasp).

spheno-, sphen- (Greek: wedge; the sphenoid bone, a wedge-shaped bone found at the base of the skull).

sphero-, spher-, -sphere- (Greek: ball, round).

sphinctero-, sphincter- (Greek > Latin: that which binds tightly, press together; band, lace; hence, muscle that closes an aperture of the body; a ringlike band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes a natural orifice).

sphingo-, sphing- (Greek: to bind).

sphagno-, sphagni-, sphagn- (Greek: moss).

sphygmo-, sphygm-, -sphyxia (Greek: pulse, pulsation; throbbing).

sphygo-, sphyg-, -sphyx- (Greek: pulse, pulsation; to beat, pulsate).

sphyzein (Greek: throb).

spic- (Latin: point, spike).

spiculi- (Latin: little sharp point).

spino-, spin-, spini- (Latin: thorn, prickle; by extension, "backbone", the spinal cord).

spiro-, spir-, spira-, spirat-, -spire, -spiring, -spiration, -spirational (Latin: breath of life, breath, breathing, mind, spirit, courage, "soul").

spiro-, spir-, spiri- (Greek > Latin: coil).

spirochet-, spirochaet-, spirocheta-, spirocheti- (Greek: coil; [long flowing] hair; hence, "hair, bristle"; spirochetes, coil-shaped microorganisms).

splanchno-, splanchn- (Greek: entrails, intestines, viscera).

spleno-, splen-, splenico-, spleni-, -splenism, -splenia, -splenic (Greek: spleen, "the inward parts;" the elongated accessory lymphatic organ of the vascular [blood] system).

The spleen is a large glandlike, but ductless, organ situated in the upper part of the abdominal cavity on the left side and lateral to the cardiac end of the stomach. It is also called the lien. The largest structure in the lymphoid system, it is a flattened oblong shaped structure of about 125 mm. in length. It disintegrates the red blood cells and sets the hemoglobin free, which the liver converts into bilirubin; it gives rise to new red blood cells during fetal life and in the newborn; serves as a reservoir of blood; produces lymphocytes and plasma cells; and has other important functions, the full scope of which hasn't been entirely determined.

splendo-, splend- (Latin: brilliant; magnificent, sumptuous).

spodo-, spod- (Greek: ashes; waste materials).

spond-, spon-, spons-, -spondence, -spondent, -spondency, -spondencies (Latin: bind oneself; promise, pledge).

spondylo-, spondyl- (Greek: spine, spinal column, vertebra).

spongio-, spongi-, spongo- (Greek > Latin: sponge).

sporo-, spor- (Greek: seed, a sowing).

spous- (Latin: betrothed man, groom; betrothed woman, bride; both come from sponsus, past participle of spondere, to promise, betroth from Old French, espous [masculine], espouse [feminine]).

squam- (Latin: scale).

stal-, stol-, -style (Greek: send; contract).

stalac-, stalag- (Greek > Latin: dropping, dripping; trickling; to drip, to drop, to trickle).

See Jimmy, this is a stalactite, a word that comes from Modern Latin stalactites; but before that it came from Greek, stalaktos, meaning "dripping, dropping," or "to drip."

Now, this is a stalagmite, which also came from Greek stalagma, "a drop," or stalagmos, "dropping;" through New Latin stalagmites, "a drop" and both of them came from stalassein, stalak-, "to drip."

Finally, when a stalactite and a stalagmite join, we end up with a stalemate.

Just joking. It's really called a stalacto-stalagmite and it is pronounced [stuh LAK toh-stuh LAG might]. It is defined as a columnar deposit formed by the union of a stalactite with its complementary stalagmite composed of mineral-rich water; but, if it is easier for you to remember, it is also called a "column". Now you know all about these cave formations, don't you?

—Willard R. Espy

stalagmometer:

An apparatus for measuring drops.

stalagmoscope:

An instrument for viewing drops.

staphylo-, staphyl- (Greek: bunch of grapes, uvula [that which resembles a grape hanging from a stock]; staphylococci, grape-shaped bacteria occurring in irregular clusters).

stato-, stat-, sta-, -static, -stasi, staso-, -stasis, -stasia, -stacy, -stitute, -stitution, -sist, -stasic, -stit- (Greek: standing, stay, make firm, fixed).

aerostat:

aerostatic:

aerostatics:

amyostasia:

ananastasia:

apostasy:

armistice:

arrest:

arteriostasis:

astasia:

bacteriostat:

barostat:

circumstance:

circumstantial:

coelostat:

constable:

constancy:

constant:

constituency:

constituent:

constitute:

constitution:

contrast:

cryostat:

cytostasis:

desisted:

destination:

destine:

destitute:

distance:

distant:

ecstatic:

enterostasis:

equidistant:

establish:

estate:

existentialism:

extant:

fungistasis:

fungistat:

gyrostat:

heliostat:

hemostasis:

hemostat:

humidistat:

hydrostat:

hypostasis:

iconostasis:

inconsistency:

inconsistent:

instance:

instant:

instantaneous:

instate:

institute:

institution:

institutional:

isostasy:

lymphostasis:

metastasis:

microstat:

mycostasis:

mycostat:

obstacle:

obstetrics:

obstinancy:

obstinate:

orbitostat:

phlebostasis:

prostitute:

prostitution:

pyrostat:

reinstate:

reinstatement:

rest:

restate:

restitute:

restitution:

restive:

rheostat:

siderostat:

solstice:

stability:

stable:

stage:

stagnant:

staid:

stamen:

stamina:

stance:

stanchion:

stanza:

state:

stately:

statement:

static:

station:

stationary:

stationery:

statistics:

statoblast:

statoscope:

statuary:

statue:

stature:

status:

status quo:

statute:

statutory:

staunch:

substance:

substantial:

substantiate:

substantive:

substitute:

substitution:

substitutive:

superstition:

thermostat:

transubstantiation:

venostasis:

stauro-, staur- (Greek: upright stake; hence, "rood, cross"; cross-shaped, crosslike, crossed).

Rood comes from Old English and means, "rod, pole; measure of land; cross".

staurion:

In medicine, a craniometric point at the intersection of the median and transverse palatine sutures.

staurogamy:

In biology, cross fertilization or the union of male and female gametes from different individuals of the same species.

staurolatrian:

One who worships the cross.

staurolatry:

The worship of the cross or of the figure of Christ on the cross. Historically it is not a complimentary term. This was a post-Reformation (Protestant) term of reproach mingled with contempt that was applied to the Roman Catholic veneration of the crucifix.

staurolite, staurolitic:

Literally, "cross-stone"; a reddish-brown or black mineral of iron and magnesium that occurs as prismatic crystals in metamorphic rocks, often in a cross shape. It is used as a gemstone that often forms twin crystals in the shape of a cross. The term metamorphism refers to a change in the physical structure of rock that results from long-term heat and pressure; especially a change that increases the rock's hardness and crystalline structure.

staurology:

A science or doctrine of the cross (crucifix).

stauromania:

An abnormal veneration of the crucifix (cross) and for what it represents.

stauropegion, stauropegial:

In the Eastern Church, a reference to a church or monastery directly subject to the patriarch rather than to the bishop of the diocese; so named because in each there was a cross sent by the patriarch that was erected as a sign.

staurophobia:

An abnormal fear, or hatred, of the crucifix and what it represents.

staurophyll:

A leaf having palisade [arrangement of apposed stake-like elongated cellular structures] or other compact tissue.

stauroscope:

An instrument for determining the position of the planes of vibrations in crystals.

staurosore:

A cross-shaped or a triquetrous [three-cornered] spore.

staurotos:

Cruciform; in the form of a cross.

steato-, steat- (Greek: fat; suet, tallow).

steatite:

1. Fat, tallow.
2. Soap-stone resembling tallow or suet.

steatitis:

1. Inflammation of adipose (fat) tissue.
2. An inflammation of fat tissue in certain animals such as swine, horses, cats, and chickens. It is one of the manifestations of vitamin E-selenium deficiency disease in these animals. "Yellow fat disease" is the more popular name for this disease.

steatocele:

A fatty mass formed within the scrotum.

steatocystoma:

A cyst arising from the sebaceous (fatty, greasy, or oily) gland apparatus.

steatogenous:

Producing fat; causing steatosis.

steatohepatitis:

Fatty liver in alcoholics.

steatolysis, steatolytic:

1. The hydrolysis or emulsion of fat in the process of digestion.
2. Emulsification of fat prior to absorption.

steatoma:

1. A lipoma.
2. A fatty mass retained within a sebaceous gland.

steatomery:

A deposit of fat on the outer aspect of the thighs and buttocks.

steatonecrosis:

Fat necrosis (death).

steatopathy:

Any disease of the sebaceous glands.

steatopyga, steatopygia:

1. An excessive accumulation of fat on the buttocks.
2. Excessive fatness of the buttocks, usually seen more often in women.
3. In anthropology, a condition in certain populations in which individuals have broad masses of fat protruding from the buttocks and thighs with an additional slant to the sacrum; often noted among women of the Bushmen and Hottentot groups of Africa.

steatopygous, steatopygic:

A reference to excessively fat buttocks.

steatorrhea:

Passage of fat in large amounts in the feces, due to failure to digest and absorb it; occurs in pancreatic disease and the malabsorption syndromes.

steatosis:

1. Fatty degeneration.
2. The accumulation of fat.

stegano- (Greek: covered, to cover).

steganalysis:

Analyzing and deciphering steganographic or secret writing.

steganogram:

Cryptogram.

steganography [steg" uh NAHG ruh fee], steganograph, steganographic, steganographical:

1. Defined in dictionaries as the art of writing in ciphers or characters that are not intelligible, except to the persons who correspond with each other; cryptography (secret writing).

2. The art and science of communicating in a way that hides the existence of the communication. Steganography attempts to hide messages inside other harmless messages in such a way that third parties cannot even detect the existence of the concealed message.

3. The science of communicating in a way that hides the existence of the actual communication. The practice of hiding information in a wider bandwidth carrier. This field covers the techniques used in digital watermarking schemes.

4. In cryptography, steganography refers to not only obfuscating (encrypting) data, but hiding the fact that it even exists.

5. The art and science of hiding information by embedding messages within other, seemingly harmless messages.

Steganography works by replacing bits of useless or unused data in regular computer files (such as graphics, sound, text, HTML, or even floppy disks ) with bits of different, invisible information. This hidden information can be plain text, cipher text, or even images.

Unlike encryption, steganography cannot be detected. Therefore, it is used when encryption is not permitted; or, more commonly, steganography is used to supplement encryption. An encrypted file may still hide information using steganography, so even if the encrypted file is deciphered, the hidden message is not seen.

Steganography (literally, "covered writing") dates back to ancient Greece, where some writers say common practices consisted of etching messages in wooden tablets and covering them with wax, and/or tattooing a shaved messenger's head, letting his hair grow back, then shaving it again when he arrived at his contact point.

As stated earlier, some dictionaries say steganography is synonymous with cryptography; however, those in the spy business make a careful distinction between the techniques of cryptography and steganography, although both are aspects of the art of secret communication.

Cryptography is the technique of scrambling a message in a systematic way so that (hopefully) it can be read only by its intended recipient. Steganography, on the other hand, keeps the message secret by hiding the fact that it exists at all. So the microdot of the Cold War spy novels —in which a document is photographically reduced to the size of a pinhead and stuck to an otherwise innocuous typescript or under a postage stamp—is an example of steganography. Invisible ink is another example. There is no doubt that some cryptographers/steganographers combine the two techniques.

steganographist:

One who practices the art of writing

in cipher; cryptographer, cryptographist.

steganopod:

A bird belonging to the group Steganopodes, which includes the pelicans, cormorants, frigate-birds, gannets, tropic-birds, and snake birds.

Steganopodes:

1. An order of vertebrates that include totipalmate swimming birds with totally webbed feet.
2. An alternative name for Pelacaniformes (an order of birds comprising a large number of fish-eating types including cormorants, gannets, pelicans, frigate-birds, etc. Their feet are webbed and have four toes).

steganopodan, steganopodous:

1. Having feet completely webbed; totipalmate [toh TIP uhl mayt"] (Latin: totus, all; palma, palm of hand. Having feet completely webbed).
2. Belonging to the group Steganopodes.

stego-, steg-, stegano- (Greek: covering, roof, house).

stegnosis:

stegocarpous:

stegodon:

stegomyia:

stegosaur:

stegosaurian:

Stegosaurus:

stele-, stel-, -stele, -stelic (Greek: an inscribed stone slab; a block of stone, gravestone; column, pillar).

dictyostele, dictyostelic:

In some ferns and dicotyledons, a stele which is so interrupted by leaf-gaps as to resemble a network of strands.

meristele, meristelic:

A strand of vascular tissue made up of xylem surrounded by phloem.

monostele, monostelic:

A single axial cylinder of tissue in certain plants.

monostely, monostelous:

Having a single stele.

polystelic, polystele, polystely:

Of a stem or root: having more than one internal vascular cylinder or stele.

protostelle, protostelic:

A simple type of stele in which a central core of xylem is surrounded by a cylinder of phloem (inner fibrous bark of certain trees).

siphonostele:

The hollow vascular cylinder of a stem, which may contain pith.

siphonostelic:

The hollow cylindrical stems, chiefly of ferns.

stelar:

A reference to stele or steles.

stele:

1. An upright slab bearing sculptured designs or inscriptions. Sometimes loosely applied to any prepared surface on the face of a building, a rock, etc., covered with an inscription.
2. A bulky strand or cylinder of vascular tissue contained in the stems and roots of plants, developed from plerome (the core or central part of an apical [tip, summit] meristem [tissue formed at growing points]).

stelocyttarous:

Pertaining to the building of stalked combs, as of certain wasps.

stelography:

An inscription on a stele; the practice of placing commemorative inscriptions on steles, tablets, or pillars.

stell- (Latin: star).

circumstellar:

constellation:

Estella:

Estelle:

interstellar:

Stella:

stellar:

stellarator:

stellate:

stelliferous:

stelliform:

stellify:

stellula:

stellular:

stellulate:

steno-, sten- (Greek: narrow, contracted).

sclerostenosis:

stenobaric:

stenobary:

stenobathic:

stenobathy:

stenobenthic:

stenobionic:

stenocephalic:

stenochoric:

stenochorous:

stenoecious:

stenographer:

stenography:

stenohaline:

stenohydric:

stenohygric:

stenoionic:

stenolumic:

stenomorph:

stenomorphic:

stenophagous:

stenophagy:

stenophotic:

stenophyllous:

stenosis:

stenostomatous:

stenotele:

stenotherm:

stenothermal:

stenothermia:

stenothermic:

stenothermophile:

stenothermophilic:

stenothermy:

stenotopic:

stenotropic:

stenoxenous:

stentor (Greek: Greek herald in the Trojan war [Greek mythology]; powerful voice [literally, "groaner, roarer"]).

Stentor, stentorian

stercor-, sterco-, sterc- (Latin: dung, excrement).

stereo-, stere- (Greek: solid, firm, hard; three-dimensional).

stereochemistry:

stereochromy:

stereognosis:

stereognostic:

stereogram:

stereograph:

stereography:

stereoisomerism:

stereological:

stereology:

stereometry:

stereomicroscope:

stereomusic:

stereophonic:

stereopticon:

stereoscope:

stereoscopic:

stereoscopy:

stereotactic:

stereotaxis:

stereotropic:

stereotropism:

stereotype:

stereotyped:

stereotypical:

sterno-, stern- (Greek: chest, breast, sternum, the breast bone).

episternum:

hyosternum:

hyposternal:

hyposternum:

mesosternum:

metasternum:

omosternum:

pelvisternum:

preomosternal:

preomosternum:

proepisternum:

prosternum:

retrosternal:

sterna (plural):

sternalgia:

sternoclavicular:

sternodymia:

sternodynia:

sternoid:

sternomastoid:

sternopericardial:

sternoschisis:

sternotomy:

sternoxiphopagus:

sternum (singular):

xiphisternal:

xiphisternum:

sternut-, sternu- (Latin: sneeze, act of sneezing).

sternutament:

sternutation:

sternutative:

sternutator:

sternutatories:

sternutatory:

sterto-, stert- (Latin: to snore; a snoring).

stertor:

stertoria:

stertoroclinia:

stertorogenic:

stertoropathia:

stertoropathy:

stertorous:

stertorously:

stertorousness:

stetho-, steth- (Greek: chest, breast).

stethacoustic:

stethalgia:

stethemia:

stethendoscope:

stethogoniometer:

stethograph:

stethography:

stethometer:

stethomyositis:

stethoparalysis:

stethophone:

stethophonometer:

stethopolyscope:

stethoscope:

stheno-, sthen-, -sthenia, -sthenic, -asthenic (Greek: strength).

adenohypersthenia:

amyosthenia:

amyosthenic:

angiasthenia:

angioasthenia:

angiosthenia:

asthenia:

asthenic:

asthenobiosis:

asthenometer:

asthenophobia:

asthenopia:

calisthenics:

cardiasthenia:

hypersthenia:

myasthenia:

myasthenic:

neuroasthenia:

sthenia:

sthenic:

sthenophotic:

stib- (Latin: antimony).

sticho-, stich- (Greek: line, row).

stigma-, stig-, stix- (Greek > Latin: mark, reproach [from Greek, "puncture, brand, mark, point"]).

The Greek "stigma" denoted a "mark made on the skin with a sharp implement," hence a "tattoo" or "brand." By the time it arrived in English, via Latin "stigma", it had acquired the connotation of a "brand of shame," and it was also used specifically for the marks made on Christ's hands and feet by the nails of the cross.

anastigmatic:

astigmatic:

astigmatism:

instigate:

stigma:

stigmata:

stigmatic:

stigmatiferous:

stigmatism:

stigmatist:

stigmatization:

stigmatize:

stigmatized:

stigmatose:

stip-, stipit- (Latin: stalk).

stomato-, stomat-, stom-, -stoma, -stomatous, -stomous, -stome, -stomy (Greek: mouth, opening).

anastomosis:

colostomy:

cyclostome:

hypostoma:

ileostomy:

microstomatous:

peristome:

protostoma:

pseudostoma:

stenostomatous:

stomach:

stomal:

stomatalgia:

stomatitis:

stomatodynia:

stomatodysodia:

stomatogastric:

stomatognathic:

stomatolalia:

stomatologist:

stomatology:

stomatomalacia:

stomatomenia:

stomatomology:

stomatomy:

stomatomycosis:

stomatonecrosis:

stomatonoma:

stomatopathy:

stomatophorous:

stomatoplastic:

stomatoplasty:

stomatopod:

stomatorrhagia:

stomatoscope:

stomatoscopy:

stomatotomy:

stomatous:

stratio-, strati-, strato-, strat- stratus (Latin: horizontal layer; "stretched, spread out"; layer, cloud layer).

prostrate:

1. Lying prone or stretched out with the face downward, e.g., in worship or submission
2. Stretched out in a horizontal position, often because of illness or injury.
3. Drained of physical strength or incapacitated by overexertion or powerful emotion.
4. In botany, used to describe a plant that grows or trails along the ground.

strata (plural):

See stratum.

straticulate, straticulation:

1. Used to describe a rock formation that is made up of thin layers.
2. Arranged in thin layers.

stratification:

1. The formation of layers in sedimentary rocks through biological, chemical, or physical changes in the sediments forming them.
2. The formation of layers, castes, classes, or other types of strata. 3.A situation or condition where something is arranged in several strata.
4. A layered arrangement or appearance of successive rock strata.
5. The storing of seeds in a chilled moist environment or material in order to induce germination or to preserve them.
6. In hydrology, the arrangement of water masses in a lake or other body of water into two or more horizontal layers having different characteristics.
7. The formation of layers in snow, ice, or firn as a result of snow sedimentation or other processes [a "firn" is a loose, permeable, granular material that is over a year old, and which is transitional between snow and glacier ice].

stratified:

1. In geology, formed, arranged, or laid down in layers or strata.
2. In statistics, of a population, divided into parts on the basis of features such as age or geographical location.

stratiform:

1. Composed of layers, or with a layered appearance or arrangement.
2. Forming or formed as a layer.
3. Like or having the form of a stratus cloud.
4. In meteorology, of a cloud, having a predominantly horizontal development; the opposite of cumuliform.

stratiformis:

In meteorology, a cloud species characterized by an extensive horizontal layer or series of layers, either continuous or noncontinuous; the most common form for the altocumulus and stratocumulus genera, and occasionally found in cirrocumlus.

stratify:

1. To form something into a layer or layers, or become formed into a layer or layers.
2. To form or be formed into castes, classes, or other groups based on status.
3. The storing of seeds in a chilled moist environment or material in order to induce germination or to preserve them.
4. In geology, to form layers or strata.

stratigraphy, stratigraphic, stratigrapher, stratigraphist:

1. The study of the origin, composition, and development of rock strata.
2. A section cut vertically through the earth showing its different layers and allowing artefacts to be dated according to the layers in which they are found.
3. The way in which rock strata are arranged, and the chronology of their formation.
4. In geology, a branch of geology that is concerned with the systemized study, description, and classification of stratified rocks, including their origins, composition, characteristics, distribution, and correlation with one another.

stratigrapher:

In geology, a geologist who specializes in the study of stratigraphy.

stratisphere:

In geology, the part of the earth's crust that contains stratified rocks.

stratocirrus:

A cloud resembling cirro-stratus, but more compact in structure.

stratocumulus:

1. In meteorology, a principal cloud classification, characterized by gray or white, usually stratiform layers that nearly always have dark patches and a nonfibrous aspect; usually arranged in orderly groups, lines, or waves, and composed of small water droplets, sometimes accompanied by larger droplets, soft hail, and (rarely) snowflakes.
2. A cloud formation in a low-lying extensive layer with large dark round or rolling masses.

stratopause:

The boundary layer between the stratosphere and the mesosphere, at around 30 miles/50 km above the Earth's surface

stratoscope:

A telescope that operates by remote control and is lifted by balloon to high altitudes so as to reduce the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the observations.

stratosphere, stratospheric, stratospherically:

1. The region of the Earth's atmosphere between the troposphere and mesosphere, from 6 miles/10 km to 30 miles/50 km above the Earth's surface. It has no clouds and is marked by gradual temperature increases.
2. In former use, it referred to all of the atmosphere above the troposphere.
3. A very high or the highest level or position.
4. The nearly uniform cold ocean water masses in high latitudes and near-bottom waters of middle and low latitudes; ocean water below the thermocline.

stratotype:

In geology, the sequence of strata that was originally described for a given location, and that serves as a standard against which other parts of the stratigraphic unit are compared.

stratous:

A reference to clouds.

stratovolcano:

A volcano consisting of layers of lava alternating with ash or cinder.

stratum (singular), strata (plural):

1. Any of several parallel layers or levels of something.
2. A layer of the atmosphere or the sea.
3. In biology, a layer of living cells; or a layer, i.e., a sheetlike mass of substance of nearly uniform thickness, especially when the layer is one of several associated layers, as in tissue.
4. A horizontal layer of vegetation within a stratified plant community.
5. A social class or level of society consisting of people of similar cultural, economic, or educational status.
6. A layer or level within an ordered system.

stratus:

1. A low-lying flat gray cloud formation.
2. In meteorology, a principal cloud genus characterized by a gray layer having a relatively uniform base; often occurring in the form of ragged patches or fragments (stratus fractus) and usually composed of fairly widely dispersed water droplets; similar to stratocumulus, but lower and lacking the latter's uniform relief.

substratosphere:

The lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, at a height of about 12 miles/20 km above the Earth.

substratum, subsratal, substrative:

1. An underlying base, layer, or element.
2. In agriculture, subsoil.
3. In geology, bedrock.
4. In biology, the non-living material or base on which an organism lives or grows.

strato- (Greek: army).

strategem:

1. A military tactic or maneuver that is designed to deceive an enemy.
2. Clever ruse or scheme that is designed to deceive others or to achieve something.

strategy, strategics:

1. The science or art of planning and conducting a war or a military campaign.
2. A carefully devised plan of action to achieve a goal, or the art of developing or carrying out such a plan.

strategist:

Someone who can develop and execute an effective strategy, especially for winning a war.

stratocracy, stratocratic:

A government by armed, or military, forces; especially, the army.

stratocrat:

One who embodies military rule; military ruler.

stratography:

Military science or writings about military engagements, etc.

stratopedarch:

Military officer or superior (leader).

stratonic:

Of or pertaining to an army.

strepho-, streph-, strep- (Greek: twist).

strepto-, strepsi- (Greek: a twisting, to twist).

string-, strict-, strain-, -stringence, -stringency, -stringe, -stringent (Latin: draw tight, compress).

astringe:

astringent:

constrain:

constraint:

constrict:

constriction:

constrictor:

constringent:

distress:

distressing:

district:

obstriction:

perstringent:

prestige:

restrain:

restraint:

restrict:

restriction:

restrictivre:

strain:

strainer:

strait:

straiten:

strand:

strangle:

strangulate:

stress:

strict:

striction:

strictness:

stricture:

string:

stringent:

strio-, stri- (Latin: furrow, furrowed, grooved).

stroph-, -strophy, -strophe, -strophical, -strophism, -strophic, -strophes, strepto-, strept- (Greek: turn, twist).

anastrophe:

angiostrophe:

angiostrophy:

antistrophe:

apostrophe:

catastrophe:

catastrophic:

diastrophe:

diastrophism:

epistrophe:

exstrophy:

geostrophic:

geostrophy:

monostrophe:

phallanastrophe:

strophic:

strophical:

syringosystrophy:

stru-, struct-, -structure, -struction, -structive (Latin: build, construct, place together, arrange).

construct:

construction:

constructive:

construe:

destroy:

destroyer:

destruct:

destructible:

destruction:

destructive:

destructor:

industrial:

industry:

instruct:

instruction:

instructor:

instrument:

instrumental:

obstruct:

obstruction:

reconstruct:

reconstruction:

structural:

structure:

structured:

substructure:

supersturcture:

strumo-, strum-, strumi- (Latin: tumor, swollen gland).

stylo-, styl-, styli- (Greek: column; pillar; pillarlike implement or structure, especially the styloid process of the temporal bone).

stypt- (Greek: astringent [from the verb styphein "to contract, be astringent").

sub- (Latin: under, below [suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-]; used as a prefix).

Don't confuse the sur- in this element with the sur- in super-. Note: sub- regularly means "under", but it often changes its form as it retains its meaning:

subaquatic:

subaqueous:

subarctic:

subatomic:

subaudition:

subboreal:

subcelestial:

subcellar:

subclavian:

subcompact:

subconscious:

subcontinent:

subcontract:

subcutaneous:

subcutical:

subcuticula:

subcuticular:

subcutis:

subdermal:

subdivide:

subdivision:

subdorsal:

subduction:

subdue:

subepiglottic:

subglossal:

subject:

subjection:

subjective:

subjectivity:

subjugate:

subjunctive:

sublet:

sublimate:

sublime:

subliminal:

sublingua:

sublingual:

sublunar:

submarine:

submariner:

submation:

submerge:

submergence:

submergible:

submerse:

submersible:

submersion:

submicroscopic:

submission:

submissive:

submit:

subnormal:

suboral:

suborbital:

subordinate:

subordination:

subphylum:

subscribe:

subscriber:

subscript:

subscription:

subsequence:

subsequent:

subservience:

subservient:

subside:

subsidence:

subsidiary:

subsidize:

subsidy:

subsist:

subsistence:

subsistent:

subsoil:

subsonic:

substance:

substandard:

substantial:

substantiality:

substantiate:

substellar:

substitute:

substitution:

substitutional:

substrata:

substratosphere:

substratum:

substructure:

subsurface:

subtenant:

subterfuge:

subterraneal:

subterranean:

subterraneous:

subtle:

subtlety:

subtonic:

subtotal:

subtract:

subtraction:

subtractive:

subtrahend:

subtropic:

subtropical:

suburb:

suburban:

suburbanite:

suburbia:

subversion:

subversive:

subvert,

Usually sub- becomes suc- before c:

succeed:

success:

succession:

succinct:

succor:

succumb,

Sometimes sub- becomes suf- before f:

suffer:

suffice:

sufficient:

suffix:

suffocate:

suffrage:

suffuse :

Usually sub- becomes sug- before g:
suggest,

Sometimes sub- becomes sum- before m:

summon:

sumptuous,

Sometimes sub- becomes sup- before p:

supplement:

supplicate:

supply:

support:

suppose:

suppress:

suppression,

Sometimes sub- becomes sur- before r:

surrender:

surreptitious:

surrogate,

The prefix, sub- is simplified to su- before sp; before c, p, and t, it is sometimes formed into sus-; as seen in suspect, suspend, suspicion, suspension, sustain, et al.].

subter- (Latin: under, beneath, secretly, less than; formed from sub-; used as a prefix).

succi-, succ- (Latin: sap).

sudor-, sudo-, sudori-, suda- sud- (Greek > Latin: sweat, sweating).

exudation:

exude:

sudarium:

sudation:

sudatoria:

sudatorium:

sudatory:

sudogram:

sudokeratosis:

sudomotor:

sudor:

sudoral:

sudoresis:

sudoriceratosis:

sudoriferous:

sudorific:

sudoriparous:

sudorometer:

sudorrhea:

transude:

suffoco-, suffoc- (Latin: choke, stifle, strangle).

suffocate, suffocates, suffocating, suffocated:

1. To deprive someone of air or to prevent someone from breathing, or to be unable to breathe.
2. To impair respiration; to smother, to asphyxiate.
3. To die from lack of air or to kill someone by stopping him/her from breathing.
4. To feel uncomfortable or to make someone feel uncomfortable through excessive heat and lack of fresh air.
5. To confine and restrict someone or something with adverse effects, or to be or to feel confined and restricted in development or self-expression.
6. From Latin suffocare, literal meaning is "to narrow up" from the stem fauc-, "throat, narrow entrance".

suffocation:

The state of being choked by obstruction of air passages by drowning, smothering, throttling, or inhalation of noxious gases.

Synonyms include: 1. asphyxiation, smothering, stifling, ; choking, strangulation, garroting.
2. suppress, quell, put down, subdue, overcome, extinguish, dampen, snuff out.

sugo-, sug-, -sugia- (Latin: to suck).

sui- (Latin: self, of oneself).

sui generis:

sui juris:

suicidal:

suicide:

suicidology:

suigenderism:

suimate:

sulco-, sulc- (Latin: furrow, groove).

sum- (Latin: highest, topmost, chief point).

consummate:

consummation:

sum:

summary:

summation:

summit:

sum- (Latin: under).

Don't confuse this sum- with another one that means "highest".

sump-, -sum- (Latin: a taking, to take up, select; to use, spend, consume).

absumption:

The process of wasting away, gradual destruction. (Considered obsolete).

assume:

1. To think that something is true even though there is no evidence for it.
2. To start being responsible for something.
3. To adopt or to take on something.
4. To take on a particular role or function.
5. To put on a pretense of something, usually in order to hide one's true feelings.
6. To take to oneself formally (the insignia of office or symbol of a vocation); to undertake (an office or duty).
7. To take for granted as the basis of argument or action; to suppose that a thing is.

assumed:

1. Taken for granted.
2. Not genuine or true.

assuming:

Expecting too much of other people.

assumpsit:

1. Taking upon oneself, an undertaking; especially in law.
2. A promise or contract, oral or in writing not sealed, founded upon a consideration.
3. An action to recover damages for breach or non-performance of such a contract.

assumption:

1. Something that is believed to be true without proof.
2. The action of taking to oneself; reception, adoption.
3. The action of receiving up into heaven; ascent to or reception into heaven; the reception of the Virgin Mary into heaven, with body preserved from corruption, which is a generally accepted doctrine in the Roman Catholic Church. Also the feast held annually on the 15th of August in honor of this event.
4. The action of taking for or upon oneself.
5. The taking upon oneself of a form or character; the formal taking of an office or a position.
6. In law, a promise or undertaking, either oral or in writing not sealed.
7. The action of laying claim to as a possession, unwarrantable claim, usurpation.
8. A taking too much upon oneself, a laying claim to undue importance; arrogance.
9. The taking of anything for granted as the basis of argument or action. 10. That which is assumed or taken for granted; a supposition, postulate. 11. In logic, the minor premise of a syllogism.

assumptionist:

1. Someone who bases his/her arguments on an assumption.
2. In the Roman Catholic Church, A member of the congregation entitled Augustinians of the Assumption, "which had its origin in the College of the Assumption, established at Nimes, in France, in 1843."

assumptious:

Given to assumption, assuming; hence, assumptiousness, tendency to take too much upon oneself.

assumptive:

1. Characterized by being assumed or taken to oneself.
2. Of the nature of an assumption; taken for granted.
3. Apt to take to oneself, appropriative.
4. Apt to take things for granted.
5. Making undue claims, assumptious, arrogant

assumptively:

In an assumptive manner, by way of assumption.

consume:

1. To eat or drink something, especially in large amounts.
2. To use something in such a way that it cannot be reused or recovered afterwards.
3. To destroy something or someone completely, especially by fire or disease.
4. To buy goods or services produced by other people.

consumer:

1. Someone who buys goods or services.
2. Someone or something that consumes something, by eating it, drinking it, or using it up.
3. In an ecological community or food chain, an organism that feeds on other organisms, or on materials derived from them. Consumers include herbivorous and carnivorous animals, that feed on plants and other animals respectively; and also organisms such as worms, fungi, and bacteria, which feed on nonliving organic material.

consumerism:

1. The protection of the rights and interests of consumers, especially with regard to price, quality, and safety.
2. An attitude that values the acquisition of material goods.
3. In economy, the belief that the buying and selling of large quantities of consumer good is beneficial to an economy or a sign of economic strength.

consuming, consumingly:

So intense as to take up all of a person's attention, time, and/or energy.

consumptibility:

The quality of being consumable.

consumptible:

Any object whose use renders it consumed, worn out, or decayed.

consumption:

1. The action or fact of consuming or destroying; destruction.
2. The dissipation of moisture by evaporation.
3. Wasting of the body by disease; a wasting disease; now applied specifically to pulmonary consumption or phthisis.
4. Wasteful expenditure, waste.
5. The using up of material, the use of anything as food, or for the support of any process.
6. The destructive employment or utilization of the products of industry.

inconsumptible:

Incapable of being consumed.

presume:

1. To accept that something is virtually certain to be correct even though there is no proof of it, on the grounds that it is extremely likely.
2. To behave so inconsiderably, disrespectfully, or overconfidently as to do something without being entitled or qualified to do it; usually used in a negative sense.

presumption:

1. The taking upon onself of more than is warranted by one's position, right, or (formerly) ability; forward or over-confident opinion or conduct; arrogance, pride, effrontery, assurance.
2. The assuming or taking of something for granted; also, that which is presumed or assumed to be, or to be true, on probable evidence; a belief deduced from facts or experience; assumption, assumed probability, supposition, expectation.
3. In law, presumption of fact: the inference of a fact not certainly known, from known facts.
4. In law, presumption of law: the assumption of the truth of anything until the contrary is proved or an inference established by the law as universally applicable to certain circumstances.
5. A ground or reason for presuming or believing; presumptive evidence.

presumptive:

1. Giving reasonable grounds for presumption or belief; warranting inference.
2. Based on presumption or inference; presumed, inferred.

presumptively:

By presumption or inference; presumably.

presumptuous:

Characterized by presumption in opinion or conduct; unduly confident or bold; arrogant, presuming; forward, impertinent.

presumptuously:

In a presumptuous manner; with presumption.

presumptuousness:

The quality of being presumptuous; groundless self-confidence; over-bold forwardness.

resume:

1. To continue with something after a temporary halt.
2. To take, assume, or occupy a position again.

resumption:

1. In general use, the action of taking back or recovering something.
2. The action of resuming, taking up, or commencing again with something that has been stopped for a while.

subsume:

1. To include or incorporate something into a larger order, category, or classification.
2. To show that a rule applies to something.
3. Originally, to make one point within another.

subsumption:

1. In logic, a proposition subsumed under another; a minor premiss; generally, an assumption.
2. Chiefly in logic and philosophy, the bringing of a concept, cognition, etc. under a general term or a larger or higher concept, etc.; the instancing of a case under a rule, or the like.

sumption:

1. The reception (of the Sacrament, of Christ in the Sacrament).
2. . The taking of a thing as true without proof; hence, an assumption, premise.; the major premise of a syllogism.

sumptuary:

1. Pertaining to or regulating expenditure.
2. Someone who is responsible for expenditures.

sumptuous:

1. A reference to buildings, apparel, repasts, and the like: Made or produced at great cost; costly and (hence) magnificent in workmanship, construction, decoration, etc.
2. With reference to natural objects, splendid or magnificent in appearance.

super-, supra-, sur- (Latin: above, over, more than; excessive).

Sur- is a form of super- formed through the French and shouldn't be confused with another assimilated sur- form that comes from sub- and means: "under, below, beneath". In some words, super- is amplified to mean: "on top of; higher in rank or position than; superior to; greater in quality, amount, or degree than others of its kind; to a degree greater than others of its kind; to a degree greater than normal; extra, additional".

superabundant:

superannuate:

superannuated:

superb:

supercargo:

supercarpal:

supercilia:

supercilious:

supercilium:

superego:

supererogate:

supererogatory:

superficial:

superfluity:

superfluous:

supergalaxy:

superglottal:

superhuman:

superimpose:

superimposition:

superincumbent:

superintendent:

superior:

superiority:

superjet:

superlactation:

superlative:

superlunary:

superman:

supernal:

1. Celestial; heavenly.
2. Coming from, of, or being in the sky or high above.

supernatural:

supernaturalism:

supernormal:

supernova:

supernumerary:

superovulation:

superparasite:

superphysical:

superpower:

supersatuate:

superscribe:

superscript:

supersede:

superseding:

supersensible:

supersensitive:

supersonic:

supersonics:

superstition:

superstitious:

superstructure:

supervention:

supervise:

supervision:

supervisor:

supraglottal:

supraglottic:

suprahepatic:

supralabial:

supraliminal:

supranasal:

supraorbital:

suprascapular:

supremacist:

supremacy:

supreme:

surbase:

surcharge:

surface:

surmise:

surmount:

surname:

surpass:

surplus:

surprint:

surprise:

surrealism:

surround:

surtax:

surveillance:

survey:

survive:

surg-, sur- (Latin: to raise, erect; to rise).

assurgent:

insurgence, insurgency:

insurgent:

insurrection:

resurge:

resurgent:

resurrection:

syco- (Greek > Latin: fig).

sycoceric:

Of, pertaining to, or derived from the waxy resin of an Australian species of fig, Ficus rubiginosa.

sycomancy:

Divination by means of figs or fig-leaves.

sycomore, sycamore:

A species of fig-tree, Ficus Sycomorus, common in Egypt, Syria, and other countries, and having leaves somewhat resembling those of the mulberry.

syconium:

In botany, fleshy fruit with the ovaries borne in a hollow receptacle, as in the fig.

sycophancy, sycophant, sycophantic:

1. Flatterer, servile flattery; toady.
2. One who attempts to progress or win favor by flattering influential people.
3. Its literal meaning is, "fig shower". No one can give a valid explanation as to how the expression "fig shower" came to denote an informer or flatterer in Greek.

sycosis:

1. In medicine, a skin disease marked by inflammation of the hair follicles, especially of the beard.
2. A kind of ulcer on the eyelids. Said to be an "ulcer resembling a fig".

sylv-, silv- (Latin: woods, forest).

Pennsylvania: Literally, Penn's Woods, from William Penn's name and Latin silva, "forest". The William Penn that the state was named for was not the William Penn, founder of the original colony, but after his father. In 1681, Penn was quoted, in an authorized biography, as saying: "My country was confirmed to me by the name Pennsylvania; a name the king would give it in honour of my father.... I proposed 'Sylvania' and they added 'Penn' to it."

The founder of Pennsylvania, William Penn, Jr., had a father who was Admiral Sir William Penn (1621-70), of the king's navy who was very unhappy by his son's plans for a "peaceable kingdom." Sir William was a naval hero who helped frame the first code of tactics for the British navy. He was imprisoned in the Tower in 1655 for political reasons that are still unknown. The crown, however, had become indebted to the admiral, Penn having loaned Charles II 16,000 pounds.

On June 24, 1680, the younger Penn petitioned Charles for repayment of the debt, asking for a 300-by-160-mile "tract of land in America...." This section of land was to become a colony for Protestant Quakers suffering religious persecution, and Charles repaid his debt with a charter. In the document, Charles II named the section of land, "Pennsylvania" in honor of the younger Penn's father [as stated earlier].

Father and son were reconciled before the father's death and it is an ironic footnote to history that the first settlement in the New World specifically dedicated to peace was named for a military man who was devoted to war.

Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins by Robert Hendrickson
(New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1997).

Morris Dictionary of Word and Phrase Origins by William and Mary Morris
(New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc;1971)

savage:

silva:

silvan:

silvate:

Silvester:

silvicole:

silvicolous:

silvics:

silvicultural:

silviculture:

silviculturist:

sylivicolous:

sylvan:

Sylvania:

Sylvester:

sylvestral:

Sylvia:

sylvian:

sylvicole:

sylvics:

sylviculture:

sylviculturist:

Transylvania:

transylvania:

syn-(sy-, sym-, syl-, sys-). (Greek: together, with, along with).

By extension, syn- may also mean: together, with; united; same, similar; at the same time.

asystole:

asystolic:

ectosymbiont:

ectosymbiosis:

ectosymbiotic:

endosymbiont:

endosymbiosis:

endosymbiotic:

holosystole:

holosystoli:

presystole:

presystolic:

syllable:

syllabus:

syllepsiology:

syllepsis:

syllogism:

symballophone:

symbiology:

symbion:

symbionic:

symbiont:

symbiosis:

symbiote:

Symbiotes:

symbiotic:

symblepharon:

symblepharopterygium:

symbol:

symbolic:

symbolism:

symbolist:

symbolization:

symbolize:

symbrachydactylia:

symbrachydactylism:

symbrachydactyly:

symmelia:

symmelus:

symmetrical:

symmetry:

sympathectomize:

sympathectomy:

sympathetectomy:

sympathetic:

sympatheticomimetic:

sympatheticoparalytic:

sympatheticotonia:

sympatheticotonic:

sympathetoblast:

sympathic:

sympathicectomy:

sympathicoblast:

sympathicoblastoma:

sympathicodiaphtheresis:

sympathicogonioma:

sympathicolytic:

sympathicomimetic:

sympathicopathy:

sympathicotherapy:

sympathicotonia:

sympathicotonic:

sympathicotripsy:

sympathicotrope:

sympathicotropic:

sympathicus:

sympathin:

sympathism:

sympathist:

sympathize:

sympathoadrenal:

sympathoblast:

sympathoblastoma:

sympathogone:

sympathogonia:

sympathogonioma:

sympathogonium:

sympatholytic:

sympathomimetic:

sympathy:

sympectothiene:

sympectothion:

sympetalous:

sympexion:

symphalangia:

symphalangism:

symphile:

symphilous:

symphonic:

symphonious:

symphony:

symphoricarpus:

Symphoromia:

symphyocephalus:

symphyogenetic:

symphyseal:

symphyseorrhaphy:

symphyses:

symphysial:

symphysic:

symphysiectomy:

symphysioitomy:

symphysiolysis:

symphysion:

symphysiorrhaphy:

symphysiotome:

symphysis:

symphysodactyly:

symphytic:

symphytism:

Symphytum:

symplasm:

symplasmatic:

symplast:

symplastic:

symplex:

sympodia:

symport:

symposiarch:

symposium:

symptom:

symptomatic:

symptomatology:

symptomatolytic:

symptome:

symptomolytic:

symptosis:

sympus:

synadelphus:

synaesthesia:

synaesthetic:

synaetion:

synagogue:

synalbumin:

synalgia:

synalgic:

synanthous:

synanthropy:

synanthrose:

synaphymenitis:

synapse:

synaptase:

synaptene:

synaptic:

synaptology:

synaptosome:

synarthosis:

synarthrodia:

synarthrodial:

synarthrophysis:

synarthroses:

synathresis:

synathroisis:

syncane:

syncanthus:

syncarp:

syncarpous:

syncarpy:

syncaryon:

syncelom:

syncephalus:

synchesis:

synchilia:

synchiria:

synchodroses:

syncholia:

synchondrectomy:

synchondroseotomy:

synchondrosis:

synchondrotomy:

synchorial:

synchrocyclotron:

synchronia:

synchronic:

synchronism:

synchronistic:

synchronology:

synchronous:

synchrotron:

synchysis:

syncinesis:

syncionus:

synciput:

synclinal:

synclitic:

syncliticism:

synclitism:

syncope:

syncopic:

syncretio:

syncryptic:

syncytial:

syncytiolysin:

syncytioma:

syncytiotoxin:

syncytiotrophoblast:

syncytium:

syncytoid:

syncytotoxin:

syndactly:

syndactylia:

syndactylism:

syndactylous:

syndactylus:

syndactyly:

syndectomy:

syndephus:

syndesis:

syndesmectomy:

syndesmectopia:

syndesmitis:

syndrome:

syndromesystem:

syndromic:

syndromology:

synechia:

synechiae:

synechotome:

synechotomy:

synechtenterotomy:

synecology:

synencephalocele:

synencephalus:

synencephaly:

syneresis:

synergagogy:

synergenesis:

synergetic:

synergia:

synergic:

synergism:

synergist:

synergistic:

synergogy:

synergy:

synesthesia:

synesthesialgia:

synesthesis:

syngamous:

syngamy:

syngeneic:

syngenesioplastic:

syngenesiotransplantation:

syngenesis:

syngenetic:

syngignoscism:

syngnathia:

syngnaths:

syngonic:

syngraft:

synizesis:

synkainogenesis:

synkaryon:

synkinesia:

synkinesis:

synkinetic:

synnecrosis:

synneurosis:

synocha:

synochal:

synochus:

synocytotoxin:

synod:

synonychia:

synonymic:

synonymous:

synonyms:

synophridia:

synophrys:

synophthalmia:

synophthalmus:

synopsis:

synopsy:

synoptophore:

synoptoscope:

synorchidism:

synorchism:

synoscheos:

synosteology:

synosteosis:

synosteotic:

synosteotomy:

synostosis:

synostotic:

synotia:

synotus:

synovectomy:

synovia:

synovial:

synovialis:

synovialoma:

synovianalysis:

synovin:

synovioblast:

synoviocyte:

synovioma:

synoviorthese:

synoviosarcoma:

synoviparous:

synovitis:

synovium:

synphalangism:

synpneumonic:

synprolan:

synpsis:

synreflexia:

synsynanthrin:

syntactic:

syntax:

syntaxis:

syntectic:

syntenic:

syntenosis:

synteny:

synteresis:

synteretic:

syntexis:

synthermal:

synthescope:

synthesis:

synthesize:

synthetase:

synthetic:

synthetism:

synthorax:

syntonic:

syntonis:

syntopie:

syntopy:

syntripsis:

syntrophism:

syntrophoblast:

syntrophus:

syntropic:

syntropy:

synulosis:

synulotic:

Synura:

synxemic:

synxenic:

syssarcosic:

syssarcosis:

syssarcotic:

syssomus:

systaltic:

systatic:

system:

systema:

systematic:

systematization:

systematized:

systematology:

systemic:

systemoid:

systogene:

systole:

systolic:

systolometer:

systremma:

syzygial:

syzygiology:

syzygium:

syzygy:

telesystole:

telesystolic:

syphilo-, syphil-, syphili-, syphi- (Latin: Syphil[us], the eponymous main character of Girolamo Fracastoro's poem "Syphilus sive Morbus Gallicus" ["Syphilus, or the French Disease"], published at Verona, Italy [1530]).

Syphilis is a venereal disease (of which Fracastoro's hero Syphilus, was a victim) and is caused by the microorganism Treponema pallidum.

Syphilus was a shepard whose name literally means a "friend of swine". Perhaps it was derived from Greek syn-, "together", plus philein "to love", or from Greek siphlos, "crippled, maimed". No one seems to know for certain.

antisyphilitic:

dermosyphilopathy:

neurosyphilis:

syphilide:

syphilionthus:

syphiliphobia:

syphilis:

syphilize:

syphiloderm:

syphilogenesis:

syphilologist:

syphilology:

syphilopathy:

syphilophobia:

syphilotherapy:

syphitoxin:

syringo-, syring-, -syrinx (Greek: pipe, tube, cavity, fistula; spine).

syringe:

syringeal:

syringectomy:

syringitis:

syringobulbia:

syringocarcinoma:

syringocele:

syringoencephalomyelia:

syringoid:

syringoma:

syringosystrophy:

syringotomy:

syrinx:

systol-, -systole, -systolic, -stole (Greek > Latin: contraction; to draw together).

bradydiastole:

diastole:

diastolic:

extrasystole:

hypodiastole:

hyposystole:

peridiastole:

sphygmosystole:

ta- (Greek: to stretch).

tabe-, tab- (Latin: waste away, decaying, languishing).

tacit-, taci-, tace- (Latin: silent, silence; unspoken; quiet).

reticence:

Maintenance of silence; avoidance of saying too much or of speaking freely; disposition to say very little or nothing.

reticent:

Reserved; disinclined to speak freely; given to silence or concealment.

tace:

The Latin for "Be silent!" According to the Oxford English Dictionary, "tace is Latin for a candle, a humorously veiled hint to any one to keep silent about something."

tacet:

A musical instruction, or direction that the voice or instrument is to be silent for a time.

tacenda:

Things to be passed over in silence; matters not to be mentioned.

tacit:

1. Unspoken, unvoiced; silent, emitting no sound; noiseless, wordless.
2. Not openly expressed or stated, but implied; understood, inferred.

tacitly:

1. Without speaking; silently; quietly.
2. Without stating or expressing anything; by implication.

tacitness:

The quality of being tacit; silence.

taciturn:

Characterized by silence or disinclination to conversation; reserved in speech; saying little; uncommunicative.

taciturnist:

One who practices habitual silence or reserve.

taciturnity:

Habitual silence or disinclination to conversation; reservedness in speech; a taciturn character or state.

taenio-, taeni- (Greek > Latin: ribbon, band, stripe; tapeworm).

talo-, tal- (Latin: the ankle, anklebone).

talalgia:

Pain in the heel or ankle.

talar:

Relating to the talus.

talaria:

1. The winged sandals of the Greek god, Hermes; and the Latin equivalent god, Mercury. Winged sandals were also worn by Iris, Eos, Eros, the Furies, and the Harpies.
2. In Latin, talaria refers to "winged shoes" or sandals while a talar refers to "a robe that reaches down, or stretches, to the ankle" and by extensiion, talus, "ankle, ankle bone, heel."

talipedic:

Clubfooted.

talipes:

Any deformity of the foot involving the talus.

talocalcaneal, talocalcanean:

Relating to the talus and the calcaneus (the heel bone).

talocrural:

Relating to the talus and the bones of the leg; denoting the ankle joint.

talofibular:

Relating to the talus and the fibula.

talon:

1. The claws (or less usually in singular, any claw) of a bird or beast.
2. The powerful claws of a bird of prey, or of a dragon, griffin, etc.
3. The caudally directed digit on the foot, particularly of a bird of prey.
4. A heel-like part or object.
3. An obsolete definition: The "heel" or hinder part of the foot of certain quadrupeds, as swine and deer, or of the hoof of a horse.

talonavicular, taloscaphoid:

Relating to the talus and the navicular bone (bone in the ankle).

talonid:

A flattened cusp on a mammalian lower molar tooth, corresponding to the talon on an upper molar.

talotibial:

Relating to, or concerning, the talus and the tibia.

talus (singular), tali (plural):

The ankle bone articulating with the tibia, fibula, calcaneus, and navicular bone; formerly called astragalus.

talpi-, talp- (Latin: mole).

talpicide:

talpid:

Talpidae:

talpiform:

talpify:

talpine:

talpoid:

tandem (Latin: at length; in the sense of "lengthwise, one behind the other").

tang-, tact-, ting-, -tig -tag, -teg- (Latin: touch, reach, handle).

attainment:

contact:

contactual:

contagious:

contain:

contaminate:

contiguous:

contingent:

entire:

intact:

intangible:

integer:

integral:

integrate:

integration:

integrity:

tact:

tactful:

tactile:

tactility:

tactilogy:

taction:

tactometer:

tactor:

tactual:

tangent:

tangential:

tangibility:

tangible:

tango:

tangoreceptor:

taste:

tasteless:

tax:

tapho-, taph-, -taphia (Greek: burial, grave; tomb; funeral).

bibliotaph, bibliotaphic:

One who buries books by keeping them under lock and key.

cenotaph, coenotaph, cenotaphic:

An empty tomb or sepulchre; a sepulchral monument erected in honor of a deceased person whose body is elsewhere.

epitaph:

1. An inscription on a tombstone or monument commemorating the person buried there; occasionally, a brief composition characterizing a deceased person, and expressed as if intended to be inscribed on his tombstone.
2. A short speech or piece of writing celebrating the life of a recently deceased person.

epitapher:

A writer of epitaphs.

hydriotaphia:

A burial in an urn.

taphephobia, taphiphobia, taphophobia:

1. A fear of being around or near cemeteries. 2 In psychiatry, an abnormal fear of being buried (alive).

taphonomy:

The study of the processes by which animal and plant remains become preserved as fossils; the scientific study of fossilization. Hence taphonomic, taphonomical; taphonomist, a specialist in taphonomy.

taphophilia:

1. An excessive interest graves and cemeteries.
2. A love or fondness for funerals.
3. In psychiatry, a morbid attraction to graves and cemeteries.

taphophiliac:

1. Anyone who like to visit cemeteries to see the various tombstones, etc. 2 In psychiatry, someone who has a morbid attraction to graves and cemeteries.

taphophobiac:

Someone who has an abnormal fear of going into or being near cemeteries.

tritaph:

A group of three cists or chambers in a prehistoric tomb.

tapino-, tapin- (Greek: low, humble, abject, poor).

tarax-, tarac- (Greek > Latin: disturbed; confusion, disturbance, trouble).

ataractic [at uh RAK tik], ataraxic [at uh RAKS ik]: 1. Calm, serene.
2. In medicine, used to describe a drug or other agent that produces calm and peace of mind; a tranquilizer.

The Epicureans were especially fond of the term ataraxia which meant freedom from confusion and peace of mind. It is proposed, therefore, that drugs of this type be designated ataraxics, and that the adjectival form, ataractic, be used to describe this therapeutic property in drugs. (From the journal, Neurology, 1955). ataraxia [at uh RAK see uh], ataraxy [at uh RAK see]: 1. An idyllic state, one of complete serenity, free from anxiety, the cares of the world, or any sort of emotional upset; literally, "imperturbability".
2. Freedom from disturbance of mind or passion; stoical indifference.
3. In psychiatry, absence of anxiety or confusion; imperturbability; untroubled calmness; inner harmony; especially without depression of mental faculties or clouding of consciousness.

Etymologically from Greek ataraktos, "undisturbed, based on the negative prefix a- plus tarak, a variant stem of the verb tarassein, "to disturb, confuse".

Ataraxia was the state of calm and indifference sought as a goal by the Stoics, members of a philosophical school founded by Zeno about 300 B.C., which taught the rigid suppression of passions, self-indulgence, and unjust thoughts.

The teaching of indifference to pleasure or pain led to the definition of stoical as "impassive" with the implication of austere courage and submission without complaint to the inevitable hard knocks of life. That is considered true ataraxia.

tarso-, tars- (Greek > Latin: ankle, tarsal plate of the eyelid [from Greek tarsos, frame of wickerwork; broad, flat surface, as also in tarsos podos, the flat of the foot, instep of the foot; the edge of the eyelid]).

tarsal:

tarsalgia:

tarsalia:

tarsalis:

tarsectomy:

tarsectopia:

tarsen:

tarsitis:

tarso-orbital:

tarsocheiloplasty:

tarsoclasis:

tarsomalacia:

tarsomegaly:

tarsometatarsal:

tarsometatarsus:

tarsophalangeal:

tarsoplasia:

tarsoplasty:

tarsorrhaphy:

tarsotarsal:

tarsotibial:

tarsotomy:

tarsus:

tau (Greek: the nineteenth letter of the Greek alphabet).

tauro-, taur-, tauri- (Greek > Latin: bull).

Minotaur:

taurian:

tauricide:

Taurids:

tauriform:

taurine:

taurobolium:

tauroboly:

taurocephalous:

tauroctony:

tauroesque:

taurokathapsia:

taurolatry:

tauromachian:

tauromachy:

tauromorphic:

tauromorphous:

taurophobia:

Taurus:

tauto- (Greek: same).

tauromorphy:

tautegorical:

tautochrome:

tautochromism:

tautochrone:

tautochronous:

tautological:

tautologist:

tautologize:

tautology:

tautonym:

tautophony:

tautotype:

tautozonal:

taxi- (Latin > French: device for calculating a distance traveled [in a vehicle for hire] and the corresponding fare due).

taxi-, tax-, taxo-, taxio-, -taxia, -taxis, -taxy, tact-, -tactic, -tactical, -tactics (Greek: arrangement, order, put in order).

aerotaxis, aerotactic:

The directed movement of a motile organism towards (positive) or away from (negative) an air-liquid interface, or a concentration gradient of dissolved oxygen.

anemotaxis:

atactic:

atactiform:

ataxaphasia:

ataxia:

ataxiadynamia:

ataxiagram:

ataxiagraph:

ataxiameter:

ataxiamnestic:

ataxiaphasia:

ataxiophemia:

ataxiophobia:

ataxoadynamia:

ataxophobia:

ataxy:

barotactic:

barotaxis:

biotaxis:

chaetotactic:

chemotactic:

chemotaxis:

chemotaxonomic:

chemotaxonomy:

diaphototactic:

diaphototaxis:

electrotactic:

electrotaxis:

eutaxy:

geotactic:

geotaxis:

homotaxis:

hydrotaxis:

hypotaxis:

isotactic:

leucotaxis:

leukotactic:

omphalotaxis:

orthotactic:

paratactic:

phobotactic:

phobotaxis:

phototactic:

phototaxis:

phyllotaxy:

rheotaxis:

syndiotactic:

syntactic:

syntactical:

syntax:

tactician:

tactics:

taxidermist:

taxidermy:

taxon:

taxonomy:

thermotactic:

thermotaxis:

-te, -t, -tes; a suffix (Greek: that which).

tecno-, tecn-, tekno- (Greek: child).

teknonymy:

The custom of certain savage races of naming the parent from the child.

tecto-, tect- (Greek: carpenter, builder).

tectonic:

Pertaining to building.

tecto-, tect- (Latin: roof).

tectorial:

In anatomy, pertaining to covering, forming a cover.

teg-, tecto-, tect- (Latin: to cover).

tele-, tel-, telo-, -telic, -telical (Greek: far away, far off, at a distance).

Don't confuse this tele- with the teleo- that means "end, last".

autotelic:

hypertelic:

Tel Autograph:

telalgia:

telamnesia:

teleaesthesia:

telebinocular:

telecardiogram:

telecardiography:

telecardiophone:

telecast:

teleceptive:

teleceptor:

telecinesis:

telecommunication:

telecord:

telecourse:

telecurietherapy:

teledactyl:

teledendrite:

teledendron:

telefluoroscopy:

telegamid:

telegenesis:

telegenic:

telegnosis:

telegony:

telegram:

telegraph:

telegrapher:

telegraphic:

telegraphically:

telegraphist:

telegraphy:

telekinesis:

telekinetic:

telelectrocardiogra:

telelectrocardiograph:

telemeter:

telemetrically:

telemetry:

telemnemonike:

telencephal:

telencephalic:

telencephalization:

teleneuron:

teleodynamic:

teleost:

teleostean:

teleotherapeutics:

telepathic:

telepathically:

telepathy:

telepatist:

telephanous:

telephone:

telephoned:

telephonic:

telephonically:

telephoning:

telephony:

telephoto:

telephotograph:

telephotographic:

telephotography:

teleplay:

teleport:

teleportation:

teleprinter:

telepromter:

teleradiography:

teleradium:

teleran:

telergic:

telergy:

telescope:

telescopic:

telescopically:

telescopist:

telescopy:

telespectroscope:

telesthesia:

telesthetic:

teletactor:

teletherapy:

telethermometer:

telethermoscope:

telethon:

teletranscription:

teletype:

teletyped:

teletyper:

teletypewriter:

teletyping:

teletypist:

teleview:

televiewer:

televise:

televised:

televising:

television:

televisional:

televisionally:

televisor:

Telex:

teloreceptor:

telpher:

telphreage:

telstar:

teleo-, tel-, telo- (Greek: end, last; result, completion, perfection, fulfillment).

Don't confuse this element with the tele- that means "far away, at a distance", etc.

atelectasis:

atelencephalis:

ateleosis:

ateliotic:

atelocardia:

atelocheilia:

atelocheiria:

ateloencephalia:

ateloglossia:

atelognathia:

atelomyelia:

atelophobia:

atelopodia:

ateloprosopia:

atelostomia:

autotelic:

bradytelic:

dysteleology:

horotelic:

spermateleosis:

tachytelic:

telangitis:

teledendron:

teleological:

teleologist:

teleology:

teleonomic:

teleonomy:

teleophobia:

teleoptile:

teleorganic:

teleosis:

telesis:

telestich:

telobiosis:

teloblast:

telokinesis:

telopause:

telophase:

telotaxis:

telluri-, tellur- (Latin: earth).

tellurian:

An inhabitant of Earth; a terrestrial.

tellurion:

An apparatus that shows how the movement of Earth on its axis and around the sun causes day and night and the seasons.

telmato-, telmat-, telmi-, telm- (Greek: marsh, pool, standing or stagnent water; mud of a pool).

phytotelmata:

Small pools of water in or on plants, such as the leaf bases of bromeliads or the pitcher of pitcher plants.

phytotelmic:

A reference to organisms that inhabit small pools of water within or upon plants.

telmatology:

The study of wetlands, swamps, and marshy areas.

telmatophilous, telmatophile, telmatophily:

Thriving in wet meadows.

telmatophyte:

A wet-meadow plant.

telmatoplankton:

Planktonic organisms of freshwater bogs and marshes.

telmicolous, telmicole:

Living in freshwater marshes.

telmophagous, telmophage:

A reference to an organism, usually an insect, that feeds from a blood pool produced by tissue laceration.

telmatology:

telmatophile:

telmatophilous:

telmatophily:

telmatophyte:

telmatoplankton:

telmicole:

telmicolous:

temno-, temn-, tempt- (Latin: despise, scorn, distain).

temno-, temn- (Greek: to cut, cutting; literally, a piece cut off).

tempo-, tempor- (Latin: time, occasion).

Don't confuse this tempo- element with other words that refer to the temples, such as the flattened sides of the forehead or the buildings used for religious worship or services. They simply have no connection with this element.

contemporaneous:

Existing, occurring, or beginning at the same time or beginning at the same time or during the same period of time as something else; contemporaneity, contemporaneously, contemporaneousness

contemporary, contemporarily, contemporariness:

1. Existing or occurring at, or dating from, the same period of time as something or someone else.
2. In existence now.
3. Distinctively modern in style.
4. Of the same, or approximately the same, age as someone else.

contemporate:

To agree about a point in time; to synchronize.

contemporize, contemporization:

1. To make something modern or fashionable.
2. To place someone or something in the same period as soneone or something else.
3. To fall at the same time; to synchronize.

contretemps:

An unfortunate occurrence, especially an awkward or embarrassing one; literally, "against the time."

extemporaneous:

1. Performed without any preparation.
2. Prepared in advance but delivered without notes.
3. Speaking without preparation or notes; literally "out of the moment".

extemporaneously:

In an extemporaneous manner.

extemporary:

1. Arising at the moment, occasional, casual; sudden, unexpected.
2. Made for, or suggested by the occasion; hastily built, framed, prepared, or provided; makeshift.

extempore:

With little or no preparation.; literally "out of the moment".

extemporization:

The action of speaking, or of composing and executing music, extempore; improvisation; an extempore performance.

extemporize, extemporization, extemporizer:

1. To perform or speak without having made any preparation.
2. To compose or perform a piece of music by improvising.
3. To do or devise something in a makeshift fashion.

pro tempore, pro tem:

At the present time but not permanently. A chairperson pro tem is chairperson pro tempore; that is, to serve until a permanent chairperson is selected.

tempest:

1. A severe storm with very high winds and often rain, hail, or snow.
2. A severe commotion or disturbance, especially an emotional upheaval.
3. From Latin tempestas, from tempus, "time".

The Latin word originally meant "period of time", which evolved into "weather" and, finally, "storm". Tempus resulted in a neutral condition as "weather", and provided the word for "weather" in modern French (temps), Italian (tempo), Spanish (tiempo), and Romanian (timp).

Other languages whose word for "weather" came from a term originally denoting "time" include Russian (pogodo), Polish (czas), Czech (pocasi), Latvian (laiks), and Breton (amzer).

Dictionary of Word Origins, by John Ayto,
Arcade Publishing, New York, 1990.

tempo:

1. The speed at which a musical composition or passage is performed.
2. The pace or rate of something.
3. From Latin tempus, "time".

temporal:

1. Relating to measured time.
2. Connected with life in this world rather than a spiritual life.
3. The quality or state of being connected with time or the world.

temporarily:

For a certain time (only); during a limited time.

temporary:

1. Lasting for or relating to a limited time; not permanent; transient; made to supply a passing need..
2. Someone who is hired to work in an office or other workplace for a limited time only.
3. Belonging to the present life or this world.

temporize:

To adopt some course of action for the time or occasion; hence, to adapt oneself or to conform to a time and circumstances;.

Tempora mutantur nos et mutamur in illis:

Times change and we change with them.

Tempori parendum:

One must yield to time or One must keep abreast of the times.

Temporis ars medicina fere est:

Time usually is the best means of healing or Time is a great healer.

tempus fugit:

Time flies.

temporo-, tempor- (Latin: side of the head near the eye; temple).

auriculotemporal:

frontotemporal:

temporal:

temporoauricular:

temporofacial:

temporomastoid:

temporopontile:

temporosphenoid:

ten-, tent-, tin-, -tain, -tainment, -tenance, -tinence (Latin: hold, grasp, have).

abstain:

abstention:

abstinence:

abstinent:

appertain:

appurtenance:

attain:

attainment:

attentive:

contain:

container:

containment:

content:

contention:

continance:

continent:

continue:

continuity:

continuum:

detain:

detained:

detention:

entertain:

entertainment:

impertinent:

incontinent:

lieutenant:

maintain:

maintenance:

malcontent:

obtain:

pertain:

pertinent:

retain:

retainer:

retention:

retentive:

retentivity:

retinue:

sustain:

sustaining:

sustenance:

tenable:

tenacious:

tenacity:

tenant:

tenement:

tenet:

tennis:

tenon:

tenor:

tenure:

untenable:

tendo-, tend- (Greek > Latin: tendon, sinew [related to "stretch, move in a certain direction"]).

tendolysis:

tendon:

tendonitis:

tendophony:

tendoplasty:

tendotome:

tendotomy:

tenectomy:

teno-, tenon-, tenonto-, tenont-, ten- (Greek: tendon, sinew [related to "move in a certain direction, stretch"]).

tenalgia:

tenodynia:

tenofibril:

tenolysis:

tenomyoplasty:

tenomyotomy:

tenonectomy:

tenonitis:

tenonometer:

tenontinitis:

tenontodynia:

tenontography:

tenontology:

tenontomyoplasty:

tenontoplastic:

tenontoplasty:

tenophony:

tenophyte:

tenoplastic:

tenoplasty:

tenorrhaphy:

tenositis:

tenosynovectomy:

tenosynovitis:

tenotome:

tenotomy:

tentacu-, tentac- (Late Latin: feeler).

tephro- (Greek: ash-gray; volcanic material such as ash, dust, cinders, etc.).

tephra:

tephrite:

tephritic:

tephrochronological:

tephrochronology:

tephroite:

tephromancy:

-ter (Greek: a suffix; means of, place for).

tera- [TE ruh] (Greek: "monster, marvel"; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

Used in the metric [decimal] system as one trillion [U.S.] and billionfold [U.K.]: 10¹² [1 000 000 000 000] or a million million. The metric symbol for tera- is T.

According to the Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers, 1992: Tera- comes "from a Greek term meaning 'marvel' or 'monster,' with the sense that this is a huge and marvelous quantity." Oh, PLEASE! This is about the worst reason for misusing a prefix that I have ever seen. It would make much more sense to have tera based on tetra- [Greek], "four" then terato- which has no relative connection with this or any metric unit.

terabit:

One trillion bits (eight bits make a byte, the common measure of memory or storage capacity). The word "bit" is a blend of binary and digit.

terabyte:

A unit of information of one trillion bytes.

teracurie:

One trillion curies. A curie is a unit of radioactivity equal to 3.7 times ten to the tenth power disintegrations per second.

teracycle:

One trillion cycles (complete processes or sequences of pocesses in a machine or electronic device, or the time that this takes).

teraflop:

One trillion floating-point operations per second; a measure of computer speed.

terahertz:

A unit of frequency equal to one trillion hertz.

teraohm:

A unit of electrical resistance, equal to one trillion ohms, or 1 000 000 megaohms.

teraohmmeter:

An ohmmeter having a teraohm range for measuring extremely high insulation resistance values.

terapascal:

One trillion pascals (units of pressure or stresses equal to one newton per square meter).

terasecond:

One trillion seconds.

teravolt:

One trillion volts.

terawatt:

A unit of power, equal to one trillion watts, or 1 000 000 megawatts.

terato-, terata-, terat-, tera- (Greek > Latin: marvel, omen, monster; malformation).

tera-: Used in the metric [decimal] system as one trillion [U.S.] and billionfold [U.K.]: 10¹² [1 000 000 000 000] or a million million. The metric symbol for tera- is T.

According to the Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers, 1992: Tera- comes "from a Greek term meaning ‘marvel' or 'monster,' with the sense that this is a huge and marvelous quantity." Oh, PLEASE! This is about the worst reason for misusing a prefix that I have ever seen. It would make much more sense to have this metric unit (tera) based on tetra- [Greek], "four" then terato- which has no relative connection with this or any metric unit.

teramorphous:

Having a monstrous form or nature.

teras (singular), terata (plural) : A monster.

teratic, teratical:

Monstrous; having the characters of a monster.

teratism:

1. In medicine, an anomaly of formation or development; the condition of a monster.
2. The worship of monstrosities; such as, the Egyptian goddess Hathor (represented as a woman's body with a cow's head), Bubashtis (as a woman with the head of a cat or lioness), and Thoth (who had the body of a man and the head of an ibis).

teratocarcinoma:

A malignant neoplasm consisting of elements of teratoma with those of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, or both; occurring most often in the testis.

teratogen:

An agent or factor which causes malformation of the developing embryo.

teratogenesis, teratogenetic, teratogenic, teratogeny:

The production of monsters or misshapen organisms.

teratoid:

Monstrous, resembling a monster (denotes any malformed animal, including man, that deviates grotesquely from the norm with the implication that the result is hideous, frightening, and revolting. Anyone who has viewed "freak shows" at circuses or carnivals has been exposed to teratological experiences.

teratologist:

A specialist in teratology.

teratology, teratological:

1. In medicine, the study of birth defects and their causes; that division of embryology and pathology that deals with abnormal development and congenital malformations.
2. Used in biology to denote the study and science of malformations and abnormal growths in animals and plants.
3. Of or pertaining to teratology; the study of monstrosities or abnormal formations in animals or plants; involving monstrosity, monstrous.

teratoma (singular), teratomatous, teratomata (plural):

1. In medicine, a true neoplasm made up of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs; most often found in the ovary or testis.
2. A tumour, especially of the gonads, characteristically formed of numerous distinct tissues and believed usually to arise from germ cells or their precursors.

teratophobia:

1. An abnormal fear of bearing or giving birth to a monster (deformed baby).
2. An abnormal fear of deformed people including pregnant women.

teratoscopy:

1. The observation of or the augury from prodigies (people with exceptional talents or powers; from Latin, prodigiosus, "portentious, marvelous, unnatural").
2. Divination via the use of monstrosities.

teratospermia:

The presence of malformed spermatozoa in the semen.

teratosis:

An anomaly of formation or development; the condition of a monster.

terce-, ter- (Latin: third, thrice).

tercel, :

tercentenary, :

tercentennial, :

tercet, :

tierce:

tereno-, teren- (Greek: smooth, soft, delicate).

tereto-, teret-, tereti- (Latin: smooth, rounded off, well-turned; elegant).

term-, termin- (Latin: end, last, final, boundary).

conterminous:

determinable:

determinant:

determinate:

determination:

determine:

determined:

exterminate:

extermination:

exterminator:

indeterminable:

indeterminate:

indetermination:

interminable:

predetermine:

term:

terminable:

terminal:

Terminalia:

Roman festival.

terminate:

termination:

terminator:

terminology:

terminous:

terminus:

Terminus:

Roman god of boundaries.

undetermined,

Henry Thoreau in Walden wrote about an old fence:

"I sacrificed it to Vulcan, for it was past serving the god Terminus."

terri- (Latin: frightful; literally, causing terror).

terrific:

Frightful; causing terror; very bad or unpleasant; informal, causing awe or amazement.

terrify:

To frighten; to fill with terror; to intimidate.

terror:

Great fear, alarm; intense, over whelming fear; informal, one who is annoying or difficult to manage, especially a child.

terrorism:

A systematic use of violence, terror, and intimidation to achieve an end.

terrorist:

A person who coerces with violence and terror to achieve some objective.

terrorize:

To fill or overwhelm with terror; to coerce by intimidation or fear.

terr-, -ter (Latin: earth, dry land, land).

Don't confuse this element with other words that are spelled in a similar way, such as "terrify" or "terrible".

circumterrestrial:

disinter:

disinterment:

extraterrestrial:

extraterritorial:

extraterritoriality:

inter:

interment:

Mediterranean:

mediterranean:

semiterrestrial:

subterranean:

terra cotta:

terra firma:

terra incognita:

terrace:

terraculture:

terraform (verb):

terraformer:

terraforming:

terraformist:

terrain:

terramycin:

terrane:

terraneous:

terraqueous:

terrarium:

terrazzo:

Terre Haute (Indiana):

terreous:

terrestrial:

terrevert:

terricole:

terricolous:

terrier:

terrigenous:

territorial:

territoriality:

territory:

tureen:

territo-, territ- (Latin: district, domain).

terti-, tern-, ter- (Latin: third; three each; three times).

testi-, test- (Latin: a witness, one who stands by; testicle, one of the two oval male gonads supported in the scrotum by its tissues and suspended by the spermatic cord).

The word testicles comes from Latin testiculi meaning "little witnesses". All such test words; including protest, protestant, and attest have this testicle connection.

There was a time when the feminist Ms. magazine published a letter that started: "I protest the use of the word 'testimony' when referring to a woman's statements, because its root is 'testes'which has nothing to do with being a female. Why not use 'ovarimony'?"

Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins by Robert Hendrickson
(New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1997), p. 662.

It is said that under Roman law no man was admissible as a witness unless his testicles were present as evidence or "witnesses" of one's virility because only verified men were allowed to give witness, or to testify, in legal matters. To swear by one's testicles was an ancient form of oath. To detest, at root, means "to bear witness against;" therefore, to curse, and implicitly, to hate to the bottom of one's testicles.

Also see orchido- for other "testicle"words.

attest, attestant, attestation, attestor:

1. To show that something exists or is true or valid.
2. To state that something is true, especially in a formal written statement.

contest, contested, contesting, contests:

1. A struggle between rival or opposing individuals, organizations, or forces for victory or control.
2. To take part in a contest or competition. [Directly or via French from Latin contestari, "to begin a lawsuit by calling witnesses together", from testari "to be a witness"].

contestant:

1. Someone who takes part in a competition.
2. Someone who enters a formal challenge to something such as a will, verdict, or decision.

detest, detested, detested, detester:

To dislike someone or something very much [Via French detester from Latin detestari "to bear witness against, denounce" from testis "witness".

detestable, detestability:

Causing or deserving intense dislike.

detestation:

1. An intense loathing or hatred for someone or something.
2. Something that, or someone who, is detested.

intestacy:

The condition of having died without making a legally valid will.

intestate:

1. Not having made a legally valid will.
2. Someone in a legally valid will.
3. Someone who has died without having made a legally valid will.

protest, protestant, protester:

To express strong disapproval of or disagreement with something, or to refuse to obey or accept something often by making a formal statement or taking action in public.

Protestant:

A member or adherent of any denomination of the Western Christian church that rejects papal authority and some fundamental Roman Catholic doctrines, and believes in justification by faith. The formulation of Protestants' beliefs began with the Reformation in the 16th century.

Protestantism:

Adherence to Protestant beliefs.

protestation:

A strong or firm declaration that something is true or false.

testalgia:

Pain in the testicle.

testament:

1. A formal statement or speech outlining beliefs.
2. In law, an old word for a legal will, used most often in the phrase "last will and testament".

testamur:

English university certificate; from Latin testamur, "we attest, testify"; from testari; so called from the word testamur used in the text of the certificate.

testate:

Someone who has made a legally valid will.

testator:

Someone, especially a man, who has made a legally valid will.

testatrix:

A woman who has made a legally valid will.

testectomy:

Excision of the testis or testes; castration.

testicle:

The male gonad or sperm-producing gland (testis) usually with its surrounding membranes, particularly in humans or other higher vertebrates.

testicond:

1. The condition of having the testicles remain undescended, which is abnormal in man and in many animals.
2. Having the testes retained within the abdominal cavity, as occurs normally in many mammals, such as the elephant and armadilo.

testicular:

A reference to the testicles.

testiculate, testiculated:

Having testicles.

testiculoma:

A testicular tumor.

testiculus:

A diminutive of the testis.

testiferous:

Opposite of hysterical.

testify:

To make a factual statement based on personal experience or to declare something to be true from personal experience.

testimonial:

A statement backing up a claim or supporting a fact.

testimonyl:

1. Evidence that a witness gives to a court of law.
2. Something that supports a fact or a claim.

testis (singular), testes (plural):

1. Either of the paired male reproductive glands, roundish in shape, that produce sperm and male sex hormones, and hang in a small sac (scrotum).
2. The male gonad or testicle that is one of two reproductive glands located in the scrotum that produces the male reproductive cells (spermatozoa) and the male hormones testosterone and inhibin. [From Latin, "a witness" because it "bears witness" to a man's virility.]

testitis:

Inflammation of the testes.

testoid:

Resembling a testis.

testopathy:

Any disease of the testes.

testosterone:

1. An androgen isolated from the testes of a number of animals, including man, and considered to be the principal testicular hormone produced in men.
2. It accelerates growth in tissues on which it acts and stimulates blood flow.
3. It stimulates and promotes the growth of secondary sexual characteristics and is essential for normal sexual behavior and the occurrence of erections.
4. It is responsible for deepening of the male voice at puberty, greater muscular development in men, development of the beard and pubic hair, and the distribution of fat in adult men.

tetano-, tetan-, tetani- (Greek: tension, especially a convulsive tension; muscle spasm or tetanus, an infectious disease characterized by muscle spasms).

tetarto-, tetart- (Greek: one fourth).

tetartohedral:

tetartohydrate:

tetra-, tetr- (Greek: four; a number used as a prefix).

tetrabasic:

tetrabrach:

tetrabranchiate:

tetracerous:

tetrachloride:

tetrachord:

tetracolon:

tetracyclic:

tetracyclis:

tetrad:

tetradactyl:

tetradactylous:

tetradymite:

tetradynamous:

tetragenous:

tetraglot:

tetragon:

tetragonal:

tetragram:

tetragrammaton:

tetragynous:

tetrahedral:

tetrahedrite:

tetrahedron:

tetrahexahedron:

tetralogy:

tetrameter:

tetramorph:

tetramorphic:

tetramorphy:

tetrandrous:

tetrapetalous:

tetraphony:

tetraphyllous:

tetraploid:

tetrapneumonous:

tetrapod:

tetrapolis:

tetrapteran:

tetrapterous:

tetraradiate:

tetrarch:

tetrarchic:

tetrarchy:

tetraschistic:

tetraselenodont:

tetrasome:

tetrasomic:

tetrastich:

tetrathecal:

tetratheism:

tetratomic:

tetravalence:

tetravalent:

tetrode:

tetroxide:

thalamo-, thalam- (Greek > Latin: inner room; thalamus, the middle part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex).

thalasso-, thalass-, thalassi-, thalassio-, thalatto-, thalatt- (Greek: sea).

Traditionally, there are five oceans: the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Indian, the Arctic, and the Antarctic. The Antarctic Ocean, lacking any precise natural boundaries, is sometimes considered an extension of the Atlantic, the Pacific, and the Indian oceans. The adjacent bodies of salt water and various subdivisions of the oceans are generally known as seas, but local usage may also sanction such terms as gulfs, bays, channels, and straits; designations that are sometimes used interchangeably.

limnothalassa:

Salt-marsh estuary.

Panthalassa, panthalassa:

A universal sea or single ocean, such as would have surrounded "Pangea".

thalassemia:

A reference to hereditary hemolytic anemia common in malarious (or formerly malarious) areas occurring most often among people of Mediterranean origin; such as, Italians, Greeks, etc.
2. A hereditary form of anemia, particularly prevalent around the Mediterranean, that is caused by a dysfunction in the synthesis of the red blood pigment hemoglobin.

thalassian:

Pertaining to the sea, marine; specifically applied to the marine tortoises and turtles.

thalassiarchy:

Admiral or chief Officer at sea.

thalassic:

1. A reference to the sea or ocean; sometimes thalassic is distinguished from oceanic, as applying to seas, gulfs, etc., rather than to oceans.
2. Relating to inland seas or minor seas such as the Aegean or to the deposition of fine-grained sediments in relatively deep, still water.

thalassical:

Of the color of the sea.

thalassigenous:

Originating in the sea.

thalassin:

A poison found in the tentacles of sea-anemones.

thalassinous:

Sea green.

thalassiophyte, thalassiophytous:

A marine alga.

thalassocracy, thallassocraty, thalattocracy, thalattocraty:

1. Naval or commercial supremacy over a large area of the sea or ocean.
2. Maritime supremacy; ruling the seas; the sovereignty of the seas; mastery at sea.

thalassocrat:

One who has the mastery of the sea.

thalassocraton, thalassocratic:

1. A description of an interval of time in the geologic past during which the sea level was high.
2. A former continental creation that has been thinned and sunk to submarine depths.

thalassography, thalassographic, thalassographical, thalassographer:

Oceanography; the branch of oceanography that studies the sea, its configurations and phenomena.

thalassoid:

Freshwater organisms resembling, or originally, marine forms; halolimnic (marine organisms modified to live in fresh water).

thalassomania:

An abnormal love of the sea.

thalassometer:

A tide gauge; measuring the tides.

thalassophile, thalassophily, thalassophilous:

Inhabiting the sea or its shore; fond of the sea.

thalassophobia:

Morbid dread of the sea.

thalassophyte:

A marine plant; such as, seaweed or marine alga.

thalassoplankton:

Marine planktonic organisms.

thalassoposia:

Drinking sea water.

thalassoseisma:

A sea quake.

thalassostatic:

Relating to a lower portion of a river subject to tidal influences.

thalassotherapy:

Treatment of disease by sea air, sea baths, or even an ocean cruise, etc.

thalattology:

That branch of science which studies the sea.

thallo-, thall-, thal-, thalli- (Greek: young branch, shoot; thallus, a simple-plant body with undifferentiated root, stem, and leaf).

thamno-, thamn- (Greek: bush, shrub).

thaumato-, thaumat- (Greek: wonder, wondrous thing; miracle; a thing to look at; sight, spectacle).

philothaumaturgic:

A fondness for works of wonder or miracles.

thaumatogenist:

A believer in or advocate of thaumatogeny.

thaumatogeny:

The origination of life as a miraculous process.

thaumatography:

A writing concerning the wonders of nature.

thaumatolatry:

An excessive reverence for, or the worship of, the miraculous or marvellous.

thaumatologist:

One who studies or describes miracles.

thaumatology:

1. The study or description of miracles.
2. An account of miracles, the description or discussion of the miraculous.

thaumatrope:

1. A "magic card" with different pictures on either side so that when the card is rapidly twirled, the images appear to combine as one.
2. Applied to a disk or cylinder bearing a series of figures which, on being rapidly rotated and viewed through a slit, produce the impression of a moving object. An example is a horse on one side and a rider on the other, so that one gets the image of a rider on horseback.

thaumatropic:

Pertaining to or having the nature or effect of a thaumatrope.

thaumatropy:

In medicine, the transformation of an organ or structure into another organ or structure.

thaumaturge, thaumaturgist:

Someone who performs magic or miracles.

thaumaturgic, thaumaturgical:

1. A reference to the performance of miracles or magic.
2. The art of constructing marvellous or apparently magical devices.

thaumaturgics:

Feats of magic, conjuring tricks.

thaumaturgize:

To perform wonders.

thaumaturgist:

One who performs wonders or miracles.

Thaumaturgus:

1. A worker of miracles; a title which some Roman Catholics once gave to certain saints.
2. St. Bernard, abbot of Clairvaux (1090-1153), known as the "mellifluous doctor" for his wisdom and influence, was said to be so effective in his work for the Church that he acquired the title "Thaumaturgus of the West."

thaumaturgy, thaumaturgism:

1. The performance of miracles or magic.
2. A worker of marvels or miracles; a wonder-worker.

the- (Latin: placing, setting; place, put).

anathema:

antithesis:

apothecary:

diathesis:

epithet:

hypothesis:

metathesis:

parenthesis:

prosthesis:

prothesis:

synthesis:

synthetic:

theme:

thesis:

thetic:

theco-, thec-, the-, theca-, theci-, -thecial, -thecae, -thecas, -thecium, -theca, -thec, -thecal, -thecial, -thecae, -thecas, -thecs, -tecs [plural] (Greek: case, capsule, sheath, container, receptacle [also: a placing, a setting, a putting]; "a place where" something is kept).

apothecary:

bibliotheca:

bibliothecary:

cleistothecium:

dactylotheca:

ectoathecal:

ectotheca:

endothecium:

epithet:

exothecium:

gnathotheca:

hydrotheca:

hypothec:

ootheca:

oothecae:

oothecal:

perithecium:

pinacotheca:

podotheca:

pseudothecium:

pterotheca:

rheotheca:

sarcotheca:

schizothecal:

spermatheca:

spermiocalyptrotheca:

sporotheca:

tetrathecal:

theca:

thecae:

thecaphore:

thecasporous:

thecate:

thecium:

thecosome:

theocodont:

thelo-, thel-, thele- (Greek: teat, teats, nipple, nipples).

theleplasty:

Plastic surgery of the nipples.

thelerethism:

Erection of the nipples.

thelitis:

Inflammation of the nipples.

thelium:

Nipple, a nipple-like structure; papilla.

theloncus:

A tumor of a nipple.

thelorrhgia:

Bleeding from the nipple.

thely- (Greek: feminine, female, females; daughter, daughters).

thelygenous:

Giving birth only, or mostly, to daughters.

thelygenus:

A father who begets only, or mostly, daughters.

thelypara:

A mother who bears only, or mostly, daughters.

thelyparous:

Bearing only, or mostly, daughters.

theo-, the-, -theism, -theist, -theistic (Greek [theorein, theoria]; Latin [theoria]: looking at, contemplation, speculation; viewing).

theorem:

1. A propostition that is not self-evident but that can be proved from accepted premises and so is establishe as a law or principle.
2. In math and physics, a proposition embodying something to be proved.

theoretical:

1. Limited to or based on theory; not practical or applied; hypothetical
2. Tending to theorize; speculative.

theoretician, theorist:

A person who theorizes, especially one who specializes in the theory of some art, science, etc.

theoretics:

The theoretical part of a field of knowledge.

theorize:

To form a theory or theories; speculate

theory:

1. Originally, a mental viewing; contemplation.
2. A speculative idea or plan as to ow something might be done.
3. A formulation of apparent relationships or underlying principles of certainobserved phenomena which has been verified to some degree.
4. That branch of an art or science consisting in a knowledge of its principles and methods rather than in its practice; pure, as oppoed to applied, science, etc.
5. Theory implies considerable evidence in support of a formulated general principle explaing the operation of certain phenomena; as in the theory of evolution.

thesaur- (Greek > Latin: treasure, treasury, storehouse, chest; a treasury of words).

thesaural:

A reference to a thesaurus.

thesauri (or thesauruses):

The plural form of thesaurus.

thesaurus (singular):

1. A book that lists words related to each other in meaning, usually giving synonyms and antonyms.
2. A dictionary of words relating to a particular subject.
3. A place in which valuable things are stored.

theta (Greek: the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet).

thigmo-, thig-, thixo- (Greek: touch, a touching).

thigmaesthesia:

thigmocyte:

thigmokinesis:

thigmomorphic:

thigmomorphosis:

thigmotactic:

thigmotaxis:

thigmotherm:

thigmothermic:

thigmotropic:

thigmotropism:

thixotropic:

thixotropy:

thino-, thini-, thin- (Greek > Latin: sand bank, sand dunes; shore).

thinicole:

thinicolous:

thinophile:

thinophilous:

thinophily:

thinophyte:

thio-, thi-, thion- (Greek: brimstone, sulfur).

Thiobacillus:

thiobacillus:

Thiobacteria:

thiobios:

thiodotherapy:

thioether:

thiogenic:

thionic:

thiopectic:

thiopexic:

thiopexy:

thiophil:

thiophile:

thiophilic:

thiophily:

thiophobia:

thiophobic:

thiophosphate:

thiosulfate:

thiosulfuric:

thiosulphate (British):

thiosulphuric (British):

thoraco-, thorac-, thoracico-, -thoracic (Greek: thorax, chest [part of the body between the neck and the abdomen; "breastplate, breast, chest"]).

hydropneumothorax:

infrathoracic:

pneumohydrothorax:

scapulothoracic:

subthoracic:

thoracal:

thoracectomy:

thoracentesis:

thoracic:

thoracicoabdominal:

thoracobronchotomy:

thoracocautery:

thoracodelphus:

thoracodynia:

thoracograph:

thoracolysis:

thoracometer:

thoracometry:

thoracomyodynia:

thoracopathy:

thoracoplasty:

thoracopneumograph:

thoracoscopy:

thoracostenosis:

thoracostomy:

thoracotomy:

thorax:

threpso-, threps- (Greek: nutrition, nourishment).

athrepsy, athrepsia, athreptic:

1. Lacking nourishment.
2. Known as marasmus: Emaciation and wasting in an infant due to malnutrition.
3. In medicine, immunity to tumor inoculation due to a supposed lack of the special nutritive material necessary for tumor growth.

threpsis:

Nutrition.

threpsology:

The sum of what is known concerning nutrition; the science of nutrition.

thrombo-, thromb- (Greek: clot, lump; aggregation of blood factors).

thrombectomy:

thrombi:

thromboangitis:

thromboarteritis:

thrombocyte:

thrombocythemia:

thrombocytolysis:

thrombocytopathia:

thrombocytopathic:

thrombocytopoiesis:

thrombocytopoietic:

thromboembolism:

thromboendocarditis:

thrombogenesis:

thrombogenic:

thromboid:

thrombokinesis:

thrombokinetics:

thrombolysis:

thrombolytic:

thrombopathia:

thrombopathy:

thrombopenia:

thrombophilia:

thromboplastic:

thromboplastin:

thrombopoiesis:

thrombopoietic:

thrombosis:

thrombotic:

thrombus:

thygatro-, thygatr-, thygatri-, thygater- (Greek: daughter).

thygatrilagnia:

Sexual love of a father for his daughter.

thygatride:

Granddaughter.

thygatriphilia:

A special fondness for a daughter or daughters.

thyla- (Greek: pouch, sack).

thylacine:

thylakoid:

thymo-, thym- (Greek: aromatic herb of the genus Thymus; spirit; breath, smoke; mind, emotions).

thyro-, thyr-, thyre-, thyreo-, thyroid-, thyroido-, -thyrea, -thyreosis, -thyroidism, -thyroid (Greek: pertaining to the thyroid gland).

Literally, "shield-shaped [cartilage];" from thyre[osthyra] "to keep it closed".

athyrea:

hyperthyrea:

hypothyrea:

thyreoitis:

thyrofissure:

thyroglossal:

thyroid:

thyroidectomy:

thyroidotoxin:

thyrotherapy:

thyrotoxia:

thyrotoxicosis:

thyrotoxin:

thyrotropin:

tibio-, tibi- (Latin: [larger] shinbone).

tigri-, tigr-, tiger (Greek > Latin > Old French: swift animal).

Related to "arrow" and "pointed" thus probably describing a tiger as "swift as an arrow"; said to be a word of Iranian origin.

tiger:

1. A large carnivorous feline mammal, having a tawny coat with transverse black stripes.
2. Panthera tigris, of Asia; ranging in several races from India and the Malay Peninsula to Siberia: the entire species is endangered, with some races thought to be extinct; any of a variety of other similar felines.
3. A fierce, aggressive, or audacious person.

tigress:

1. A female tiger.
2. A fierce, aggressive, or audacious woman.
3. A woman resembling a tiger, as in fierceness or courage.

tigrish, tigerish:

1. Tigerlike, as in strength, fierceness, courage, or coloration.
2. Fiercely cruel; bloodthirsty, relentless.

Tigris River:

Literally "the swift river"; a river, 1150 miles (1850 km) long, in SW Asia, flowing South East from SE Turkey through Iraq, joining the Euphrates River; to form by their confluence, the Shatt-al-Arab River (or Shatt al Arab) c. 120 miles (193 km) in SE Iraq.

tigroid:

Resembling a tiger or tiger's skin; marked like a tiger; having the characteristics of a tiger (fierce, aggressive, etc.).

tigrology:

A branch of zoology that specializes in the study of tigers.

tillo-, till- (Greek: to pluck, tear, pull).

onychotillomania:

trichotillomania:

timi-, tim- (Latin: to fear; faint-hearted, cowardly).

intimidate:

intimidation:

timid:

timidity:

timidly:

timorouis:

tipho-, tiph-, tiphi- (Greek: pool, pond, marsh, swamp).

tiphicole:

tiphicolous:

tiphophile:

tiphophilous:

tiphophily:

tiphophyte:

titano-, titan- (Greek > Latin: any person or thing of enormous size or power).

From Greek mythology, one of the primitive gigantic deities, the children of Uranus and Gaea; the sun god, Helios, was the son of the Titan Hyperion.

Titan:

titan:

Titanesque:

Titaness:

Titanic:

titanic:

titaniferous:

titanism:

titanium:

Titanomachy:

Titanosaurus:

titanothere:

titillo-, titill- (Latin: tickling).

toco-,toc-, toko-, tok-, -toky, -tocia, -tokia (Greek: childbirth, delivery, offspring; that which is brought forth).

atocia:

bradytocia:

ditocous:

dystocia:

embryotocia:

eutocia:

eutokia:

mogitocia:

monotocous:

oxytocia:

oxytocic:

polytocous:

thelytocia:

tocodynagraph:

tocodynamometer:

tocogeny:

tocograph:

tocography:

tocological:

tocologist:

tocology:

tocomania:

tocometer:

tocopherol:

tocophobia:

tocus:

tokodynagraph:

tokodynamometer:

tokological:

tokologist:

tokology:

tokophobia:

tokophobiac:

tolerat- (Greek > Latin: to bear, support, endure).

intolerability:

intolerable:

intolerableness:

intolerably:

intolerance:

intolerant:

intolerantly:

tolerability:

tolerable:

tolerance:

tolerant:

tolerate:

tolerated:

tolerating:

toleration:

tolerationist:

tolerative:

tolerator:

-tom, -toma, -tomic, -tomize, -tome, -tomical, -tomically, -tomist, -tomous, -tomy (Greek: often used as a suffix; cut, incision; section).

anatomy:

atom:

cephalotomy:

cirsotomy:

colostomy:

costotomy:

craniotomy:

crystolithotomy:

cystotomy:

dermatome:

dermatotomy:

diatom:

dichotomous:

dichotomy:

encephalotomy:

entomology:

entomotomy:

episiotomy:

epitome:

gonotome:

herniotomy:

labiotome:

leucotomy:

leukotomy:

lobotomy:

mastotomy:

microtome:

microtomy:

myotome:

necrotomy:

Neotoma:

nephrotomy:

osteotome:

osteotomy:

ototomy:

ovariotomy:

phlebotomy:

rachiotome:

tome:

tracheotomy:

varicotomy:

tonitro-, tonitru- (Latin: thunder).

tonitrate:

To thunder.

tonitrophobia, tonitruphobia:

An excessive fear of thunder.

tonitrous:

Full of or characterized by thunder, loud noise, or violent utterance; thundery; thundering.

tonitrual:

Pertaining to, or loaded with, thunder.

tonitruation:

Thundering.

tonitruone:

A device for imitating thunder.

tono-, ton-, -tonia, -tonic, -tonous, -tony (Latin: sound, tone; [from Greek tonos, "that which is stretched, a stretching, a straining, pitch of the voice, musical note"]).

atonal:

atonic:

baritone:

barytone:

betone:

detonate:

diatonic:

ditone:

entone:

hypertonic:

intonate:

intonation:

intone:

isotonic:

monotone:

monotonous:

monotony:

myotonia:

overtone:

oxytone:

pretone:

semitone:

subtone:

syntonize:

syntony:

tonal:

tonality:

tonaphasia:

tone:

tonetic:

tonic:

tonicity:

tonological:

tonology:

tonometer:

tonometric:

tonometrist:

tonometry:

tonophant:

tonoplast:

tonoscope:

tonotopic:

tonotopicity:

tritone:

tono- (Greek: tension, pressure).

angiohypertonia:

angiohypotonia:

ecotone:

tonicity:

tonoclonic:

tonofibril:

tonofilament:

tonogram:

tonograph:

tonography:

tonometer:

tonometry:

tonoplast:

tonoscillograph:

tonoscope:

tonsillo-, tonsill- (Latin: small rounded mass of tissue, especially of lymphoid tissue; tonsil).

peritonsillar:

tonsil:

tonsilla:

tonsillar:

tonsillectome:

tonsillectomy:

tonsillith:

tonsillitic:

tonsillitis:

tonsilloadenoidectomy:

tonsillohemisporosis:

tonsillolith:

tonsillomycosis:

tonsillopathy:

tonsilloscopy:

tonsillotome:

tonsillotomy:

tonsillotyphoid:

tonsolith:

topo-, top-, -topia, -topy, -topism, -topic (Greek: place, a position, region, local, localized).

biotope:

biotopic:

dystopia:

dystopian:

ectopia:

heterotopia:

isotope:

isotopic:

normotopia:

pharmacotopia:

A future world in which there will be a chemical or pharmaceutical product not only to treat each disease but also to counteract each inconvenient symptom of life.

skeletopia:

topagnosia:

topagnosis:

topalgia:

toparchy:

topesthesia:

topiary:

topic:

topical:

topoanesthesia:

topognosis:

topographer:

topographic:

topographical:

topography:

topolatry:

topological:

topology:

toponarcosis:

toponeurosis:

toponym:

toponymics:

toponymy:

topophobe:

topophobia:

topophone:

toposcopy:

topothermesthesiometer:

topotype:

topovaccinotherapy:

torpescent:

utopia:

utopianism:

utopianist:

torp- (Latin: stupor, numb, sluggish).

torpedo:

torpid:

torpify:

torpor:

torporific:

tors-, tort-, tortu-, torqu- (Latin: bend, curve, turn, twist).

contort:

contortion:

contortionist:

distort:

distortion:

extort:

extortion:

extortioner:

extortionist:

retort:

torch:

torment:

tormentum:

toroid:

torque:

torquemeter:

torsiometer:

torsion:

tort:

tortilla:

tortion:

tortoise:

tortuose:

tortuosity:

tortuous:

torture:

torturous:

toxico-, toxic-, toxi-, tox-, toxin-, -toxically, -toxaemia, -toxemia, -toxaemic, -toxemic, -toxical, -toxy, -toxis, -toxicosis, -toxism, -toxia, -toxin, -toxicity (Greek: poison).

This Greek element originally meant "bow", then it became "arrow", then a "poisoned arrow" and finally "poison". In most cases, toxico- means poison, but in a few situations it refers to the original meaning of "arrow", as in toxophilite and toxophily [love of or fondness for archery]. and shouldn't be confused with toxophil, toxophile [having an affinity for a toxin or "poison"].

aflatoxicosis:

aflatoxin:

anagotoxic:

antitoxic:

antitoxin:

autotoxin:

bacteriotoxemia:

biotoxic:

biotoxication:

biotoxicology:

biotoxin:

bufotoxin:

crinotoxin:

cytotoxicity:

detoxicate:

detoxication:

detoxification:

detoxify:

ecotoxicologist:

ecotoxicology:

endotoxic:

endotoxin:

enterotoxin:

exotoxin:

fungitoxic:

genotoxicity:

hemotoxin:

hypertoxicity:

intoxicate:

intoxicated:

intoxication:

lymphoidtoxemia:

lymphotoxin:

mycotoxic:

mycotoxin:

mycotoxincosis:

neurotoxia:

neurotoxic:

ophiotoxemia:

peptinotoxin:

phototoxicity:

phototoxins:

phytotoxin:

pyrotoxic:

thyrotoxia:

toxaemia:

toxemia:

toxenzyme:

toxic:

toxicant:

toxicide:

toxicity:

toxicoderma:

toxicodermia:

toxicodermic:

toxicodynamics:

toxicogenic:

toxicokinetics:

toxicologist:

toxicology:

toxicomania:

A morbid urge to poison oneself.

toxicomaniac:

toxicopathic:

toxicopathy:

toxicopexis:

toxicophidia:

toxicosis:

toxiferous:

toxigenic:

toxiglossate:

toxignomic:

toxin:

toxinantitoxin:

toxinemia:

toxinicide:

toxinology:

toxinosis:

toxinotherapy:

toxiphobia:

toxiphrenia:

toxogen:

toxognaths:

toxoid:

toxoinfection:

toxolysin:

toxophile:

toxophilic:

toxophilous:

toxophorous:

urotoxia:

toxo- (Greek: bow, arrow).

toxophilite:

toxophily:

tra-, tract-, trac-, -tractive, -traction, -tracting, treat-, trai- (Latin: drag, draw together).

abstract:

abstracted:

abstraction:

abstractionism:

attract:

attraction:

attractive:

contract:

contractile:

contractility:

contraction:

contractor:

contractual:

detract:

detraction:

detrain:

distract:

distraction:

distraught:

entrain:

entreat:

extract:

intractable:

maltreat:

mistreat:

portrait:

portray:

protract:

protractile:

protraction:

protractor:

retract:

retraction:

retreat:

subtract:

subtraction:

subtrahend:

trace:

tract:

tractability:

tractable:

tractableness:

tractile:

traction:

tractor:

trail:

trailer:

train:

trainee:

trainer:

trait:

trawler:

treat:

treatise:

treaty:

trial:

trachelo-, trachel- (Greek: neck, throat, cervix).

endotrachelitis:

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix uteri [neck of the uterus]; also endocervicitis.

hematotrachelos:

An obsolete term for distention of the neck of the uterus with accumulated blood.

hysterotrachelectomy:

Removal of the neck of the uterus.

hysterotracheloplasty:

Plastic surgery of the neck of the uterus.

hysterotrachelorrhaphy:

Sutural repair of a lacerated neck of the uterus.

hysterotrachelotomy:

Incision of the neck of the uterus.

laparotrachelotomy:

A low cervical cesarean section.

trachelagra:

A gouty or rheumatic affection of the muscles of the neck, producing torticollis [a deformity of the neck].

trachelectomy:

Surgical removal of the neck of the uterus.

trachelematoma:

A hematoma of the neck.

trachelian:

An archaic term for cervical.

trachelism, trachelismus:

A bending backward of the neck, such as sometimes ushers in an epileptic attack; literally, "a seizing by the throat".

trachelitis:

Inflammation of the cervix uteri [neck of the uterus]; also, cervicitis.

trachelocele:

Hernial protrusion of the tracheal mucous membrane.

trachelocyrtosis, trachelokyphosis:

An anormal curvature of the cervical portion of the spine.

trachelodynia:

A pain or cramp of the neck; cervical neuralgia.

trachelologist:

A specialist in the study of the neck and its injuries and diseases.

trachelology:

The study of the neck and its injuries and diseases.

trachelomyitis:

An obsolete term for inflammation of the muscles of the neck.

trachelopanus:

1. Swelling of the lymphatic vessels of the neck.
2. Lymphatic engorgement of the neck of the uterus.

trachelopexia, trachelopexy:

Surgical fixation [immobilizing or making rigid] of the neck of the uterus.

trachelophyma:

A tumor or swelling of the neck.

tracheloplasty:

A rarely used term for plastic surgery of the neck of the uterus.

trachelorrhaphy:

Repair by suture of a laceration of the neck of the uterus.

tracheloschisis:

Congenital fissure in the neck.

trachelotomy:

Cervicotomy; incision of the neck of the uterus.

tracheo-, trache- (Greek: windpipe; originally, "rough" artery).

Aristotle, like other ancients, believed that the arteries contained air. As a result, he distinguished between the artery par excellence, which he called "the smooth artery" and the windpipe, which he named "the rough artery".
Klein's Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language by Dr. Ernest Klein
(New York: Elsevier Publishing Company; 1967), p. 1635.

laryngotracheal:

Pertaining to the larynx and the trachea.

laryngotracheal:

Pertaining to the larynx and the trachea.

laryngotracheitis:

Inflammation of the larynx and trachea.

laryngotracheobronchitis:

Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; the acute form is the most common cause of croup [an acute viral disease of childhood, marked by a resonant barking cough, suffocative and difficult breathing, and laryngeal spasm].

laryngotracheobronchoscopy:

Endoscopic examination of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

laryngotracheoscopy:

Peroral laryngoscopy and tracheoscopy.

laryngotracheotomy:

Incision of the larynx and trachea.

trachea (singular), tracheae (plural):

The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.

tracheaectasy:

Dilatation of the trachea.

tracheal:

Pertaining to the trachea.

trachealgia:

Pain in the trachea.

tracheitis:

Inflammation of the trachea.

tracheoaerocele:

A tracheal hernia containing air.

tracheobronchial:

Pertaining to the trachea and bronchi, denoting especially a set of lymph nodes.

tracheobronchitis:

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi.

tracheobronchomegaly:

A rare and probably congenital condition characterized by great enlargement of the lumen [the space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube] of the trachea and the larger bronchi.

tracheobronchoscopy:

Inspection of the interior of the trachea and bronchi.

tracheocele:

Hernial protrusion of the tracheal mucous membrane through a defect in the wall of the trachea. Synonym: trachelocele.

tracheosophageal:

Relating to the trachea and the esophagus.

tracheogenic:

Originating in the trachea.

tracheolaryngeal:

Pertaining to the trachea and the larynx.

tracheole:

One of the minute, fluid-filled tubules in which the tracheae of a terrestrial arthropod terminate, which contain air cells and permeate all the body tissues.

tracheomalacia:

1. Softening of the tracheal cartilages.
2. Degeneration of elastic and connective tissue of the trachea.

tracheomegaly:

An abnormally dilated trachea which may, like bronchiectasis, result from infection or prolonged positive pressure ventilation.

tracheopathia, tracheopathy:

Any disease of the trachea.

tracheopharyngeal:

Pertaining to the trachea and pharynx; denoting an occasional band of muscular fibers passing from the inferior constrictor of the pharynx to the trachea.

Tracheophilus cymbius:

A trematode parasitic in the trachea of ducks in Europe and Asia.

tracheophonesis:

Auscultation of the heart at the sternal notch.

tracheophony:

A sound heard in auscultation over the trachea. "Auscultation" is the proces of listening for sounds within the body, usually sounds of thoracic or abdominal viscera.

tracheophyte:

A vascular plant containing both phloem and xylem.

tracheoplasty:

Plastic repair of the trachea.

tracheopyosis:

Purulent tracheitis or inflammation of the trechea with pus.

tracheorrhagia:

Hemorrhage from the mucous membrane of the trachea.

tracheorrhaphy:

Repair of an incised or wounded trachea.

tracheoschisis:

Fissure of or into the trachea.

tracheoscope:

An instrument used in tracheoscopy.

tracheoscopic:

Pertaining to or of the character of tracheoscopy.

tracheoscopy:

The inspection of the interior of the trachea.

tracheostenosis:

Contraction or narrowing of the lumen of the trachea.

tracheostoma:

An opening into the trachea through the neck; generally applied to such an opening after or laryngectomy.

tracheostomize:

To perform tracheostomy upon.

tracheostomy:

The surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck, with the tracheal mucosa being brought into continuity with the skin; also, the opening so created. The term is also used to refer to the creation of an opening in the anterior trachea for insertion of a tube to relieve upper airway obstruction and to facilitate ventilation (breathing).

tracheotome:

An instrument for use in incising the trachea or the knife usd in tracheotomy.

tracheotomize:

To perform tracheotomy upon.

tracheotomy:

Incision of the trachea or cutting an opening into the trachea, usually intended to be temporary Also, tracheostomy.

trachitis:

Another form of tracheitis (inflammation of the trachea).

trachy-, trach- (Greek: rough).

trachoma:

trachomatous:

trachycarpous:

trachychromatic:

trachyphonia:

trachyspermous:

trachyte:

tragico-, tragi-, trago-, trag- (Greek: goat).

Pertaining to a "tragedy" that refers to a play or other serious literary work having an unhappy ending. Literally, "goat song", supposedly because the actors or singers in Greek tragedies were originally dressed in goatskins to represent satyrs, and thereby became actors in satyric drama from which "tragedy" was later developed. Another theory is that a goat may have been the prize given to an actor for the best performance in a Greek play.

tragacanth:

tragal:

tragedy:

tragic:

tragical:

tragicomedy:

tragicomic:

tragion:

tragomaschalia:

tragopan:

tragophonia:

tragophony:

tragopodia:

Tragopogon:

tragus:

trans-, tran-, tra- (Latin: across, through, over, beyond, on the far side of; used as a prefix).

Don't confuse the tra- in this element with another tra- in "drag" or "draw". Trans- becomes tra- before the consonants -d, -j, -l, -m, -n, and -v.

traduce:

traject:

trajection:

trajectory:

tranquil:

Peaceful, quiet, calm. Formed from trans-, "through, across" and quies, "rest, quiet".

tranquility:

tranquilize:

tranquillity:

tranquillize:

tranquilly:

tranquilness:

transact:

transaction:

transactional:

transalpine:

transatlantic:

transcend:

transcendence:

transcendentalism:

transcontinental:

transcribe:

transcript:

transcription:

transcutaneous:

transdermal:

transdermic:

transducer:

transduction:

transect:

transfer:

transferable:

transference:

transfigure:

transform:

transformation:

transformer:

transfuse:

transfusion:

transgenic:

transgress:

transgression:

transience:

transient:

transit:

transition:

transitional:

transitive:

transitory:

translation:

translator:

transliterate:

transliteration:

translocate:

translucence:

translucency:

translucent:

transmigrate:

transmigration:

transmission:

transmit:

transmitter:

transmutation:

transmute:

transoceanic:

transonic:

transpacific:

transparence:

transparency:

transparent:

transpiration:

transpire:

transplant:

transpolar:

transport:

transportation:

transpose:

transposition:

transsexual:

transsonic:

transubstantiation:

transversal:

transverse:

Transylvania:

Transylvanian:

travesty:

traumato-, traumat-, trauma-, traum-, -traumatic, -traumatically, -trauma (Greek > Latin: wound, bodily injury).

barotrauma:

microtrauma:

neurotrauma:

psychotrauma:

stratetrauma:

trauma:

traumasthenia:

traumataxis:

traumatic:

traumatin:

traumatism:

traumatize:

traumatized:

traumatology:

traumatonasty:

traumatopathy:

traumatophilia:

traumatophobia:

traumatopnea:

traumatopyra:

traumatotactic:

traumatotaxis:

traumatotherapy:

traumatropic:

traumatropism:

tremo-, tremor- (Latin: trembling, shaking).

trepid- (Latin: agitated, alarmed, restless, anxious, solicitous; consternation).

intrepid:

Fearless; undaunted; daring; brave.

intrepidity:

Fearlessness; firmness of mind in the presence of danger; courage, boldness.

trepid:

Trembling; agitated; fearful.

trepidant, trepidating:

Trembling with fear or agitation.

trepidation:

Tremulous agitation; confused hurry or alarm; confusion; flurry; perturbation.

trepidity:

Agitation, alarm, fearfulness.

treto-, tret- (Greek: to bore, to perforate).

tribo-, trib- (Greek: friction, rub, rubbing, grind, wear away; spend, waste time; be busy).

diatribe:

A bitter, abusive denunciation [the Greek word diatribe, the ultimate source of our word, is derived from the verb diatribein, made up of the prefix dia-, "completely", and tribein, "to rub, to wear away, spend," or "to waste time, to be busy"].

hydrotribophile, hydrotribophilous, hydrotribophily:

Thriving in badlands [an arid or semi-arid area with scanty vegetation and marked surface erosion; or an area of barren land having roughly eroded ridges, peaks, and mesas].

hydrotribophyte:

A badlands plant.

nanotribologist:

One who specialtizes in the study and applications of nanotribology.

nanotribology:

There was no dictionary available that has a definition for this term. The following definitions came from various sources on the Internet:

On Thursday, January 21, 1999, the following information came from Dr. Jacqueline Krim, Professor of Physics at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina:

"Thank you for your inquiry. Yes, I coined the term nanotribology in a paper I wrote in 1991, entitled, 'Nanotribology of a Kr [krypton] monolayer: A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of Atomic-Scale Friction', J. Krim, D. Solina and R. Chiarello, PRL, 66, (1991) p. 181-184."

"I would define nanotribology as the sub-field of tribology involving contact geometries which are well-characterized at atomic length or time scales. These tend to be on the order of nanometers and nanoseconds."

"J. Krim"

Here are excerpts of other definitions of nanotribology:

Micro/nanotribology as a field is concerned with experimental and theoretical investigations of processes ranging from atomic and molecular scales to the microscale, occurring during adhesion, friction, wear, and thin-film lubrication at sliding surfaces.

This involves determination of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the surfaces undergoing relative motion at length scales of the order of nanometers. Interaction between rubbing surfaces occurs at asperities [roughness of surfaces] at which the local pressure and temperatures can be very high.

These conditions can lead to formation of tribochemical films with the unusual properties necessary for efficient wear protection. The nanomechanical properties of these films are being investigated by interfacial force microscopy (IFM) which is capable of determining the elastic constants and anelastic behavior of the films in boundary layer lubrication.

Tribology is the study of friction, lubrication and wear. Nanotribology is roughly defined as the study of these same phenomena down to the nN and nanometer force and length scales.

tribade, tribady:

A reference to a woman who engages in sexual activity with another woman; a Lesbian.

tribadism:

1. Lesbianism in which heterosexual intercourse is simulated; sometimes used to refer to the use of an artificial penis.
2. Mutual friction of the genitals between women.

triboelectric:

An electrical charge produced by friction between two objects; such as, rubbing silk on a glass surface.

triboelectricity:

In physics, electrical charges produced by friction between two surfaces; static electricity.

Frictional electricity … was supposedly known to the ancient Greeks, particularly Thales of Miletus, who observed about 600 B.C. that when amber was rubbed, it would attract small bits of matter. The term "frictional electricity" gave way to "triboelectricity," although since "tribo" means "to rub," the newer term does little to change the concept.

tribofluorescence, triboflurescent:

To give off light as a result of friction.

tribology, tribological:

The science of the mechanisms of friction, lubrication, and wear of interacting surfaces that are in relative motion. A relatively new element from Greek that is used in modern engineering and physics.

Lubrication is central to machine performance, but it's only part of the story. More and more, the bigger picture of machine health has been going by the label "tribology" [trigh BAH loh gee] which is based on the Greek word for "rubbing.", "grinding", or "wearing away", etc.

Tribology combines issues of lubrication, friction, and wear into a complex framework for designing, maintaining, and trouble-shooting the whole machine world.

Tribology is already providing data that could be used to produce transmission fluids that give automobile drivers better fuel economy and a smoother ride.

The most visionary tribology advocates and practitioners tend to view their field as the cure for much of what ails industry and even entire economies.

Tribology has evolved into a bona fide field of research and technology since 1966, when a group of industrialists in England coined the term with assistance from an editor of the Oxford English Dictionary.

The O. E. D. defines tribology as, "The branch of science and technology concerned with interacting surfaces in relative motion and with associated matters (as friction, wear, lubrication, and the design of bearings). " In 1968, H.P. Jost, in the February 8, 1968, issue of the New Scientist states, "After consultation with the English Dictionary Department of the Oxford University Press, we chose the term 'tribology'."

Many tribologists devote themselves to uncovering the fundamental chemical and physical dramas that underlie good and bad lubrication, friction, and wear. They are relying on new tools like friction-force microscopes, that can examine surfaces down to the molecular level (nanotribology?).

Transmissions are just one place where tribology makes a difference in the automotive industry. Other items on the agenda include controlling brake noise and wear, reducing internal friction in engines, and increasing the productivity, part quality, and energy efficiency of production machinery.

The "tribology tribe" points proudly to its crucial role in the thirty-billion dollar-a-year data-storage industry. When it comes to surfaces in motion, this is an especially harrowing arena. Yet it's through tribological know-how that makers of hard-disk drives have been able to squeeze more and more data into less and less space.

The head that reads and writes information to and from a hard disk flies about 50 to 100 nanometers above the disk surface. That's about one-thousandth the width of a human hair. Meanwhile, the disk typically spins beneath the head at about ten to twenty meters per second.

Woody Monroy, head of corporate communications for Seagate Technology, which makes disk drives, says that in terms of speed and clearance, it's the equivalent of an F-16 jet fighter plane flying one-sixty second of an inch [less than one millimeter] above the ground, counting blades of grass as it goes, at Mach 813 (or 813 times the speed of sound).

There are many reasons computers go down, but one of the most dreaded is when the head assembly literally crashes into the spinning disk's surface, tearing up and destroying precious data.

It's a tribological triumph that, despite all the hazards, vulnerabilities, and abuse by users, most storage systems operate fine most of the time because of proper coatings. The first protective layer is at most twenty nanometers thick. One leading-edge tribo-tactic is to fiddle with the molecular structure of the thin lubrication layer on top of the disk (nanotribology?).

Tribologists have plenty of challenges to keep them busy, but it's all part of making disk drives and economies run smoothly.

"Better Ways to Grease Industry's Wheels," by Ivan Amato
(Fortune, September 28, 1998).

tribologist:

A specialist in the science of tribology.

triboluminescence:

The quality of emitting light under friction or violent mechanical pressure.

triboluminescent:

Exhibiting triboluminescence.

tribophosphorescence, tribophosphorescent:

To produce light by friction.

tribothermoluminescence, thermoluminescence:

Luminescence resulting from exposure to high temperature, produced in a material as a result of friction.

tribometer:

An instrument for estimating sliding friction.

tribophysics:

The physical properties or phenomena associated with friction.

tribophosphoroscope:

An instrument for examining triboluminescence.

tribulation:

Originally from Greek; then through Latin, "to press; affliction"; distress, great trial, or affliction.

"The Roman tribulum was a sledge consisting of a wooden block studded with sharp pieces of flint or iron teeth. It was used to bring force and pressure against wheat in grinding out grain. The machine suggested the way trouble grinds people down and oppresses them, tribulations becoming another word for troubles and afflictions. The word is first recorded in English in 1330."

Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins by Robert Hendrickson
(New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1997), p. 680.

tricho-, trich-, -tricha, -trichia, -trichan, -trichic, -trichosis, -trichous, -thrix, -trichum, -trichy (Greek: hair).

achromatrichia:

achromotrichia:

amphitrichous:

atrichia:

Baldness (no hair).

atrichic:

atrichosis:

chromotrichial:

clastothrix:

crurotrichosis:

cymotrichous:

cymotrichy:

districhiasis:

distrix:

endoectothrix:

erythrism:

eutrichosis:

glossotrichia:

gynetrichosis:

hypertrichologist:

hypertrichosis:

hypotrichia:

hypotrichiasis:

hypotrichosis:

hypotrichous:

leiotrichous:

leiotrichy:

leipotrichia:

leptotrichia:

leukotrichia:

liparotrichia:

lipsotrichia:

lissothricic:

lissotrichous:

melanotrichous:

oligotrich:

oligotrichia:

oligotrichosis:

paratrichosis:

peritrich:

peritricha:

peritrichous:

polytrichia:

rhinothrix:

schizotrichia:

sclerothrix:

sclerotrichia:

trichaesthesia:

trichalgia:

trichatrophia:

trichiasis:

trichina:

trichinize:

trichinosis:

trichinous:

trichites:

trichoaesthesia:

trichoanesthesia:

trichobacteria:

trichobezoar:

trichocardia:

trichocarpous:

trichochromogenic:

trichoclasis:

trichoclasty:

trichocutis:

trichoder:

Trichoderma:

trichoesthesia:

trichoesthesiometer:

trichogen:

trichogenous:

trichoglossia:

trichogyria:

trichoid:

trichologia:

trichology:

trichoma:

trichomania:

trichome:

trichomic:

trichomonad:

trichomoniasis:

trichomycosis:

trichonosis:

trichopathic:

trichopathophobia:

trichopathy:

trichophagy:

trichophilous:

trichophily:

trichophobia:

trichopter:

trichopteron:

trichornation:

trichorrhea:

trichorrhexis:

trichoschisis:

trichosiderin:

trichosis:

trichotaxis:

trichotillomania:

tricological:

tricologist:

tricology:

ulotrichous:

ulotrichy:

trigono-, trigon- (Greek: triangular).

triplo-, tripl- (Greek: triple, threefold; used as a prefix).

-tripsy, -tripsis, -tripic (Greek: often used as a suffix; crush; from Greek, "massage, rub, rubbing, friction, grind").

anatripsis:

angiotripsy:

biotripsis:

cephalotripsy:

cleidotripsy:

hepaticolithotripsy:

histotripsy:

lithotripsy:

lithotripter:

lithotriptic:

neurtripsy:

pygotripsis:

vasotripsy:

xerotripsis:

Dry friction.

trismo-, trism- Greek: a gnashing, grating, grinding; lockjaw).

triste-, tristi- (Latin: sad, gloomy, melancholia).

trito-, trit- (Greek: third; a number used as a prefix).

trit- (Latin: tritus, past participle of terere, to rub; thresh, grind; to wear away).

antiattrition:

That which opposes or resists attrition. specifically, any compound applied to machinery to resist the effects of friction; as black lead mixed with grease, peroxide of iron, etc.

attrition:

1. The action or process of rubbing one thing against another; mutual friction.
2. The action or process of rubbing away, wearing or grinding down, by friction.
3. In military applications, the gradual wearing away of morale and the powers of resistance by persistent attacks.
4. In the workplace, the gradual reduction of the size of a workforce by not replacing personnel lost through retirement or resignation.

biodetritus:

Detritus derived from the disintegration and decomposition of once-living organisms; further designated as phytodetritus or zoodetritus, depending on whether the original organism was vegetal or animal.

contrite:

1. Literally, bruised, crushed; worn or broken by rubbing.
2. Crushed or broken in spirit by a sense of sin, and so brought to complete penitence.

contrition:

1. Literally, the action of rubbing things together, or against each other; grinding, pounding or bruising (so as to comminute or pulverize).
2. The condition of being bruised in heart; sorrow or affliction of mind for some fault or injury done; specifically, penitence for sin.

detriment:

1. Damage, harm, or disadvantage.
2. Something that causes harm or injury.

detrimental:

Causing harm or damage.

detriophage, detriophagous, detriophagy:

Feeding on fragmented particulate or eating very small pieces, or particles, of organic matter. Feeding on detritus.

detrital:

Of or pertaining to detritus; consisting of particles worn away from some solid body.

detrited:

1. That which has been worn or rubbed away.
2. In geology, disintegrated; formed as detritus.

detrition:

The process of wearing something away by friction.

detritivore, detritivorous, detritivory:

Feeding on fragmented particulate or eating very small pieces, or particles, of organic matter.

detritus:

1. Fragmented particulate organic matter, or very small pieces of organic matter, derived from the decomposition of plant and animal remains; organic debris or trash.
2. Debris or discarded material.
3. In geology, matter produced by the detrition or wearing away of exposed surfaces, especially the gravel, sand, clay, or other material eroded and washed away by an aqueous agency; a mass or formation of this nature.
4. In ecology, organic debris formed by the decomposition of plants and animals.

lithotrite:

An instrument for crushing stone in the bladder into minute particles which can be passed through the urethra.

phytodetritus:

Detritus produced by the disintegration and decomposition of vegetable organisms.

zoodetritus:

Biodetritus produced by the disintegration and decomposition of animal organisms.

trite:

1. Worn out by constant use or repetition; devoid of freshness or novelty; hackneyed, commonplace, stale.
2. Well worn; worn out by rubbing; frayed; such as, a road or path that is well-trodden, beaten, or frequented.

tritor:

The grinding surface of a tooth.

-trix (Latin: a suffix; woman).

aviatrix:

coadministratrix:

curatrix:

directrix:

dominatrix:

executrix:

fornicatrix:

impersonatrix:

janitrix:

mediatrix:

negotiatrix:

obstetrix:

rectrix:

rixatrix:

trocho-, troch- (Greek: that which is round[ed]; wheel, disk).

troglo-, trogl- (Greek: cave; thriving in caves; cave dweller).

troglobiont:

troglocole:

troglocolid:

troglocoline:

troglocolous:

troglodyte:

troglodytic:

troglomania:

An abnormal desire to be in or to dwell in caves.

troglon:

troglophilic:

troglophiule:

troglophobia:

troglophobic:

trogloxene:

trogloxenous:

-tron, -tronic (Greek: a suffix; device, instrument; more generally, used in the names of any kind of chamber or apparatus used in experiments).

A possible allusion to the Greek instrumental suffix, as in árotron, "plow" as spelled in the U.S. or "plough", as spelled by the British; from the Greek stem aroun, "to plow".

betatron:

biotron:

cosmotron:

cryotron:

cyclotron:

dynatron:

electron:

electronic:

ignitron:

isotron:

klystron:

magnetron:

megatron:

phanatron:

phanotron:

phantastron (fantastic + tron):

phytotron:

synchrotron:

tropho-, troph-, -trophy, -trophs, -trophically, -trophic, -trophous (Greek: food, nutrition, nourishment; development).

abiotrophia:

abiotrophy:

acardiotrophia:

allotrophia:

allotrophic:

atrophied:

atrophous:

atrophy:

autotroph:

autotrophic:

autotrophically:

autotrophy:

chemoautotrophic:

chemolithotrophic:

chemotrophic:

chemotrophy:

diaheliotropic:

diaheliotropism:

diaphototropic:

diaphototropism:

diatropic:

diatropism:

dromotropic:

dromotropism:

dystrophy:

ectotrophic:

embryotroph:

endotrophic:

entrophicate:

eutrophic:

eutrophication:

eutrophy:

exendotrophic:

glycotrophic:

hemiatrophy:

hemotroph:

hemotrophy:

heterotroph:

heterotrophic:

histotroph:

hypertrophic:

hypertrophy:

hypotrophic:

hypotrophy:

lipotrophic:

lipotrophy:

metatroph:

microheterotrophs:

oligotrophic:

osmotroph:

osmotrophic:

pedotrophy:

phagotroph:

polytrophic:

trophallactic:

trophallaxis:

trophic:

trophobiont:

trophobiosis:

trophobiotic:

trophoblast:

trophoblastic:

trophocytes:

trophoderm:

trophodynamics:

trophogenesis:

trophology:

trophoneurosis:

trophoneurotic:

trophonosis:

trophopathia:

trophopathy:

trophophore:

trophophyll:

trophoplasm:

trophoplast:

trophosome:

trophosperm:

trophospongium:

trophotaxis:

trophotherapy:

trophotropic:

trophotropism:

trophozoite:

trophozooid:

tropo-, trop-, -tropal, -trope(s)., -tropic, -tropism, -tropia, -tropous, -tropy, trep- (Greek: bend, curve, turn, a turning; response to stimulus).

Don't confuse this tropo-, -tropy element with tropho-, troph-, meaning "food, nourishment, nutrition".

acrotropism, acrotropic:

An orientation response resulting in the continued growth of a plant in the direction in which growth originally commenced.

aerotropism, aerotropic:

An orientatioin response to a gaseous stimulus.

ageotropism, ageotropic:

The absence of orientation movements in response to gravity.

allotropy:

amphitropous:

anatropous:

anisotropic:

apogeotropism:

Atropos:

atropos:

autotropic:

autotropism:

barotropic:

barotropism:

chemotropism:

dextrotropic:

diageotropic:

diageotropism:

entropy:

eutropism:

eutropous:

geonyctitropic:

geonyctitropism:

geotropic:

geotropism:

heliotrope:

heliotropic:

heliotropism:

hydrotropism:

isotropic:

lipotropic:

lipotropism:

lipotropy:

orthotropic:

phototropic:

phototropism:

rheotrope:

thermotropism:

thixotropy:

trope:

trophotropic:

trophy:

tropic:

Tropic of Cancer:

Tropic of Capricorn:

tropical:

tropism:

tropology:

tropometer:

tropoparasite:

tropopause:

tropophil:

tropophilous:

tropophylous:

tropophyte:

troposphere:

tropospheric:

tropotaxis:

trud-, -trude, trus-, -trusion (Latin: thrust, push).

abstruse:

abstrusely:

abstruseness:

extrude:

extrusion:

extrusive:

inobtrusive:

intrude:

intrusion:

intrusive:

obtrude:

obtrusion:

obtrusive:

protrude:

protrusion:

protrusive:

-trum (Latin: a suffix; result of the act of, means of).

trypano-, trypan- (Greek: auger, borer; parasitic protozoa).

-tude (Latin: a suffix; state, quality, condition of).

A suffix that forms nouns from adjectives and past participles.

altitude:

aptitude:

fortitude:

gratitude:

ineptitude:

ingratitude:

lassitude:

latitude:

longitude:

multitude:

plenitude:

senectitude:

servitude:

similitude:

solitude:

turb-, turbin- (Latin: turmoil, commotion, disorderly, agitated, confusion; whirl, whirlwind).

disturb:

disturbance:

disturbingly:

imperturbable:

perturb:

perturbation:

perturbence:

trouble:

turbellarian:

turbid:

turbidimetry:

turbidity:

turbinate:

turbination:

turbine:

turbocharger:

turbofan:

turbojet:

turboprop:

turbulence:

turbulency:

turbulent:

tuber-, tuberi- (Latin: swelling, node).

tum-, tume- (Latin: swelling, to swell).

tuss- (Latin: cough).

tycho- (Greek: accident, chance, fortune, fate, providence).

tychastics:

Tyche:

Greek goddess of fortune.

tychite:

tychoparthenogenesis:

tychopelagic:

tychoplankton:

tychoplanktonic,:

tychopotamic:

tylo-, tyl- (Greek: a knob; callus, callous, callosity).

tyloma:

tylopod:

Tylopoda:

tylopodous:

Tylosaurus (Tylosaurus),

tylosis:

tylosteresis:

Tylostomaceae:

tylostylar:

tylostyle:

tylostylote:

tylostylus:

tylotate:

tylote:

tylotic:

tylotoxea:

tylotoxeate:

tympano-, tympan-, tympani- (Greek: drum, kettledrum; from "blow, impression, to beat").

tampana (plural):

tympanal:

tympanectomy:

tympania:

tympanic:

tympanichord:

tympanicity:

tympanion:

tympanism:

tympanist:

tympanites:

tympanitic:

tympanitis:

tympanocentesis:

tympanogenic:

tympanogram:

tympanolabyrinthopexy:

tympanomastoid:

tympanomastoiditis:

tympanometry:

tympanophonia:

tympanoplastic:

tympanoplasty:

tympanosclerosis:

tympanosympathectomy:

tympanotomy:

tympanous:

tympanum (singular):

typhlo-, typhl- (Greek: blind, blindness [typhlos, blind]; denotes relationship to the cecum or the first part of the large intestine, forming a dilated pouch; also called the "blindgut" or "blind intestine" [caecum, "blind, blind gut", typhlon, cecum]).

typhlolexia:

typhlology:

Typhlolops:

typhlophile:

typhlophobia:

Typhlophthalmi:

typhlosis:

typhloti:

typhlotic:

Blindgut

typhlectasis:

typhlectomy:

typhlenteritis:

typhlitis:

typhlocolitis:

typhloenteritis:

typhlohepatitis:

typhlolithiasis:

typhlomegaly:

typhlostomy:

typhlotomy:

typhoni-, typhon- (Greek > Latin: whirlwind, tempest).

typo-, typ-, -type (Greek: a blow; impression; a mold).

antitype:

archetype:

archetypical:

callotype:

monotype:

orthotype:

prototype:

prototypical:

type:

typically:

typify:

typing:

typocosm:

typocosmy:

typogram:

typograph:

typography:

typologist:

typology:

tyranni-, tyrann-, tyran- (Greek > Latin: an absolute ruler, oppressor, dctator).

tyro-, tyr- (Greek: cheese).

tyrein:

tyrogenous:

tyroid:

tyroma:

Tyrophagus:

tyrosin:

tyrosine:

tyrotoxicon:

tyrotoxicosis:

tyrotoxism:

tyro-, tiro- (Latin: beginner, novice [also, originally, a "young soldier" or "recruit"]).

tiro:

tiros:

tyro:

tyros:

ubi- (Latin: where).

Ubi amor condimentum inerit, cuivis, placiturum credo.: Where love is the seasoning, I imagine the dish will please any one's taste.

Ubi bene ibi patria.: Where there is good (prosperity), there is my fatherland (country) or Wherever I prosper, there is my fatherland.

Ubi culpa est, ibi poena subesse debet.: Where the crime is committed, there ought the punishment to be undergone.

Ubicunque ars ostentatur, veritas abesse videatur.: Where ever art makes itself felt, truth seems to be wanting. (Ars est celare artem: Art consists in its concealment).

Ubi est thesaurus tuus, ibi est et cor tuum.: Where your treasure is, there is your heart also. [Vulgate, Matthew 6:21]

ubiety:

The condition of being in a particular place.

Ubi jus, ibi officium.: Where there is a right, there is also a duty.

Ubi jus, ibi remedium.: 1. Where law prevails, there is a remedy.
2. Every violation of right has its remedy.

Ubi jus incertum, ibi jus nullum.: 1. Where the law is uncertain, there is no law.
2. Where one's right is uncertain, no right exists.

Ubi libertas, ibi patria.: Where there is freedom (liberty), there is my fatherland (country).

Ubi mel, ibi apes.: 1. Where there is honey, there will be bees (Honey attracts bees).
2. Where the honey is, there the bees are.

Ubi non est directa lex, standum est arbitrio judicis, vel procedendum ad similia.: Where there is no direct law, the opinion of the judge is to be taken, or references to be made to similar cases.

Ubi non est lex, ibi non est transgressio, quoad mundum.: Where there is no law, there is no transgression, so far as relates to the world.

Ubi panis, ibi patria.: Where ever there is bread, there is my fatherland (country).

Ubi pugnantia inter se in testamento juberentur, neutrum ratum est.: Where repugnant or inconsistent directions are contained in a will, neither is valid.

ubiquitarianism, ubiquitarian:

The Christian belief, held particularly by the Lutheran Church, that Jesus Christ is present in all places and at all times, not just in the Eucharist.

ubiquitous, ubiquitously, ubiquitousness:

Present, or seeming to be present, everywhere at the same time; omnipresent.

ubiquity:

1. The state, fact, or capacity of being, or seeming to be, everywhere at the same time; omnipresence.
2. Omnipresence; presence in several places, or in all places, at one time. A fiction of English law is the "legal ubiquity" of the sovereign, by which he is constructively present in all the courts.

Ubi re vera.: Where in reality. (When in truth or in point of fact).

Ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant.: Where they create a desert, they call it peace (They create desolation and call it peace). Tacitus, in his Agricola, was quoting the leader of the Britons who was conguered or whose country was devastated by the invading Romans.

Ubi sunt ui ante nos fuerunt.: Where are those who lived before us? (Title of a medieval lyric).

Ubi supra.: 1. Where (mentioned) above.
2. Where above mentioned.

Ubi tu Gaius, ego Gaia.: Where ever you are, Gaius, there I, Gaia, am. A formula used in Roman marriage.

udo- (Latin: rain).

udograph:

udometer:

udometric:

udometry:

-ule, -ole, -le (Latin: suffix; little, small).

capsule:

globule:

molecule:

ulno-, uln- (Latin: elbow; larger bone of the forearm).

ulanaris:

ulna:

ulnad:

ulnar:

ulnen:

ulnocarpal:

ulnometacarpal:

ulnoradial:

ulo-, ul- (Greek: gum).

ulitis:

ulocace:

ulocarcinoma:

ulocus:

uloglossitis:

ulorrhagia:

ulorrhagy:

ulorrhea:

ulotomy:

ulotripsis:

ulo-, ul- (Greek: scar).

ulectomy:

ulegyria:

ulerythema:

ulotomy:

ulo- (Greek: wooly; curly).

ulothrix:

ulotrichaceous:

ulotrichan:

Ulotriches:

Ulotrichi:

ulotrichi:

ulotrichous:

ulotrichy:

-ulous (Latin: a suffix; tending to, inclined to).

ultim- (Latin: end, last, final).

antepenult:

The third from the last syllable of a word; such as, The antepenult is stressed in the word "superfluous" or in the word "antediluvian". It may also be considered the syllable of a word that precedes the penult.

antepenultimate:

Anything that is the third from the end; an antepenult.

penult, penultima:

The second to the last item in a series of things, especially the second to the last syllable of a word [from Latin paene, "almost" + ultimus, "last"].

penultimate:

Second to the last in a series or sequence; relating to a penult.

ultima:

The last or final syllable of a word.

ultimacy:

The quality or state of being ultimate.

ultima forsan:

It's later than you think. These words, literally "perhaps the last”, are sometimes inscribed on the face of a clock, to convey the thought that the moment of death—indeed, the moment of eternal judgment—may be at hand. The prudent person treats every hour as though it were his/her last.

ultima ratio:

1. The final argument. This phrase has literal applications, for example, "Your fourth drunk-driving citation is the ultima ratio for suspension of your driver's license."
2. The final sanction; the last argument; the last resort; the means last to be resorted to.

ultima ratio regum:

The final argument of kings. Louis XIV of France, recognized that force is the final argument, so he directed that his cannons carry the engraving "ultima ratio regum" (1650). As a result, this phrase usually signifies "war" or "the use of military weapons; force". The phrase was adopted in the form of "Ultima ratio regis" for the same purpose which appears on cannon cast for Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, c. 1742.

Ultima semper expectanda dies homini, dicique beatus ante obitum nemo supremaque funera debet. Man's last day must ever be awaited, and none to be counted happy until his death, until his last funeral rites are paid.

ultima Thule:

The end of the world. Ancient Greek mariners believed that the northern end of the world was an island called Thule, said to be six days' sailing distance from Britain. The precise location of Thule is not known today, but ultima Thule, mentioned in Virgil's Georgics, survives as a useful expression for describing any place whose appearance gives one the feeling of standing at the end of the world perhaps one of the Shetland Islands. Figuratively any distant frontier or remote goal. It may be of interest to note that the current list of Chemical Elements is named for this unknown "end of the world" : thulium; symbol, Tm; atomic number, 69; which was discovered by Per Teodor Cleve in 1879.

ultimate:

1. At last, finally, or at the end. The last in the train of progression or sequence tended toward by all that precedes; arrived at as the last result; final; farthest; utmost; extreme; conclusion.
2. Existing as an underlying reality, when all other things are disregarded; as, the ultimate truth.
3. Informal usage: the greatest, most nearly perfect, or highest in quality.

ultimately:

1. In the end, as the culmination of a process or event.
2. Finally; at last; in the end.

ultimation:

The action or process of bringing something to an ultimate result; final issue or development.

ultimatory:

Having the character of an ultimatum.

ultimatum (singular); ultimata (plural):

1. A final offer or demand, especially by one of the parties engaged in negotiations, the rejection of which usually leads to a break in relations and unilateral action, the use of force, etc. by the party issuing the ultimatum.
2. A demand accompanied by a threat to inflict some penalty if the demand is not met.
3. Used in law, a final statement of terms, the rejection of which will lead to the severing of diplomatic relations and a state of hostility.
4. The result of a negotiation that comprises the final determination of a party concerned in the matter in dispute.

ultima vale:

Farewell for the last time.

Ultima voluntas testatoris est perimplenda secundum veram intentionem suam. Used in law: the last will of a testator is to be fulfilled according to his true intention.

ultimo (mense); ult., ulto.: A reference to the preceding (month); of last month.

ultimobranchial:

Applied to a gland in the neck which in many lower vertebrates regulates the calcium level in the body but in man and several higher vertebrates is absorbed into the thyroid during embryonic life.

ultimogeniture:

1. Inheritance or succession by the youngest son of the family.
2. The mode of succession by which the right of inheritance pertains to the youngest member of a family.

ultimum:

The final point or limit.

ultimum supplicium:

Extreme punishment or penalty; the punishment of death.

Ultimum supplicium esse mortem solam interpretamur. Used in law: the most extreme punishment we consider to be death alone.

ultimo:

In the preceding month: an old-fashioned usage; such as, "Yours of the 13th (day) ultimo received."

ultimum moriens:

1. The last thing dying, the last to die.
2. In medicine, a reference to the right atrium (chamber of the heart); said to be the last part of the body to stop moving in the process of dying.
3. The right atrium of the heart, believed to contract after the rest of the heart is still.

ultimus heres (or haeres):

In law, the last (or final) heir.

ultimus regum:

The last of the kings. A reference to the seventh and last king of Rome, Tarquin the Proud, exiled 510 B.C.

ultimus Romanorum:

The last of the Romans, a title given to a number of historical personages and literary men, e.g., Brutus (Marcus Junius Brutus, the famed Roman senator and leader in the assassination of Julius Caesar), Julius Caesar, Stilicho, William Congreve, Horace Walpole, and Dr. Samuel Johnson. This title, whether in Latin or in English, has fallen into disuse.

ultra-, ult- (Latin: beyond, on the other side; excessive, to an extreme degree).

ulterior:

ultimate:

ultraconservative:

ultrafiche:

ultrafiltration:

ultrahigh:

ultraism:

ultraliberal:

ultramarine:

ultramicrometer:

ultramicroscope:

ultramicroscopic:

ultramicrotome:

ultramilitant:

ultraminiature:

ultramodern:

ultramundane:

ultranationalism:

ultrapure:

ultrasonic:

ultrasonics:

ultrasonography:

ultrasophisticated:

ultrasound:

ultratechnical:

ultrathin:

ultraviolet:

-ulus, -olus, -ulum, -ola (Latin: suffix; little, small).

ulula-, ululat- (Latin: howl, wail, screech, cry out).

ululant:

ululate:

ululated:

ululates:

ululating:

ululation:

ululator:

-um (Greek > Latin: a suffix that forms singular nouns).

umbili-, umbil- (Latin: pertaining to the navel, umbilical cord; a protuberance or swelling; related to umbo, the boss [a convex elevation or knob] of a shield).

umbilectomy:

umbilical:

umbilicate:

umbilication:

umbilici (plural):

umbilicus (singular):

umbra-, umbro-, umbr-, umbel- (Latin: shade, shadow).

adumbrate, adumbral, adumbration, adumbrative, adumbratively:

1. To give an incomplete or faint outline or indication of something.
2. To give a vague indication or warning of something to come.
3. To overshadow and obscure something.

exumbrella:

The convex oral surface of the umbrella of a medusa (jelly fish).

obumbrate:

With some structure overhanging the parts so as partially to conceal them.

penumbra (singular) penumbrae (plural), penumbral, penumbrous: 1. In astronomy, a partial outer shadow that is lighter than the darker inner shadow (umbra), that is, the area between complete darkness and complete light in an eclipse.
2. In astronomy, a grayish area surrounding the dark center of a sunspot.
3. An indistinct area, especially a state in which something is unclear or uncertain.
4. The outer region or periphery of something.

somber (sombre, British), sombrous: 1. Lacking light or brightness and producing a dull, dark, or melancholy atmosphere.
2. Having a color or tone that is dark, dull, or suitable for a serious mood or occasion.
3. Marked by or conveying strict seriousness combined with sadness or a troubled state of mind. [Via French, "gloomy", ultimately from late Latin subumbrare, “to shadow" from sub, "under" + umbra, "shade" (the source of English umbrage].

sombrero:

A straw or felt hat with a very wide upturned brim, originally worn by men in Mexico and some other Spanish-speaking countries [Via Spanish, "hat", from sombra "shade", from Vulgar Latin sumombrare]

subumbrella:

The concave oral surface of the umbrella of a medusa (jelly fish); the concave inner surface of the medusoid bell.

umbel, umbellate, umbella:

1. In botany [diminutive of umbra, shadow] , a flat-topped or rounded flower cluster (umbrella-shaped flower head) in which the individual flower stalks spring from about the same point in an axis, as in the carrot, parsley, dill, fennel, and related plants.
2. A typically umbrella-shaped inflorescence in which all pedicels arise at the apex of an axis; commonly compound.

umbelliferous:

Bearing umbels.

umbelliform:

In the shape or form of umbels.

umbellule:

A small or secondary umbel.

umbra, singular; umbrae plural:

1. A dark area, especially the blackest part of a shadow caused by light from all points of a source being prevented from reaching the area, usually by an opaque object.
2. In astronomy, The shadow region over an area of the earth where a solar eclipse is total.
3. The darkest region of a sunspot.
4. A shade; such as, a ghost.

umbraculiferous:

Bearing an umbrella-like organ or structure.

umbraculiform:

Shaped like an expanded umbrella.

umbraculum:

Any umbrella-like sturcture; pigmented fringe of iris, in certain ungulates; pupillary appendage, in amphibians.

umbrage:

1. Offense, resentment [took umbrage at his remark].
2. Something that affords shade; a shadow or shade; for example, the shade of a tree.
3. A vague or shadowy shape or simply an indication; a hint. [The expression take umbrage "take offence" arises from a metaphorical extension of "shadow" to "suspicion", which took place in French].

umbrageous, umbral, umbrageously, umbrageousness:

1. Affording or creating shade, shady, coolness.
2. Easily offended, or likely to become irritated. [An umbrageous tree is a shade tree; but an umbrageous person is one who is quick to take offense or who is angered by some statement].

umbraticole, umbraticolous:

Living in shaded habitats.

umbrella:

1. A portable, collapsible divice for protection against the sun, rain, and snow consisting of a fabric canopy mounted on a sliding framework of ribs radiating from a central rod.
2. Something that covers or protects, as military aircraft shielding ground operations.
3. Something that encompasses or covers many different elements or groups.
4. In zoology, the contractile, gelatinous, rounded mass constituting the major part of the body of most jellyfishes.

umbriferous:

Causing a shadow.

umbrophile, umbrophilic, umbrophily:

Thriving in shaded habitats.

umbrosous:

Living in shaded habitats; also, umbraticolous.

unci-, unc-, uncin- (Greek > Latin: hook).

uncia- (Latin: inch; ounce; a twelfth).

inch:

ounce:

uncial:

-uncle (Latin: a suffix; little).

-unculus (Latin: a suffix; little).

undu-, und- (Latin: > French: flow, wave, billow).

abound:

abundance:

abundant:

abundantly:

inundate:

inundation:

ondograph:

redound:

redundance:

redundancy:

redundant:

sound:

superabound:

superabundance:

superabundant:

surround:

surrounded:

surrounding:

undine:

undulant:

undulate:

undulation:

undulous:

unguo-, ungu- (Latin: nail, claw, hoof).

exungulate:

exungulation:

subungual:

ungual:

unguicorn:

unguiculate:

unguiferous:

unguiform:

ungula:

ungular:

Ungulata:

ungulate:

unguligrade:

Moving on the tips of the digits.

uni-, un- (Latin: one, single; a number used as a prefix).

disunite:

E pluribus unum:

reunite:

triune:

unanimous:

undecennary:

undecennial:

unicameral:

unicellular:

unicentric:

unicolor:

unicorn:

unicycle:

unidactyl:

unification:

uniflorous:

unifoliate:

uniform:

unify:

unilateral:

unilinear:

unilingual:

unimanual:

union:

uniparous:

uniped:

uniplicate:

unipod:

unipolar:

unique:

uniradiate:

unisexual:

unison:

unisphere:

unit:

unitary:

unite:

united:

univalent:

universal:

universe:

university:

univocal:

univore:

univorous:

univory:

-uous (Latin: a suffix; tending to, inclined to).

upsilon (Greek: the twentieth letter of the Greek alphabet).

uranisco-, uranis- (Greek: roof of the mouth).

Literally, "little vault of heaven".

urano-, uran- (Greek: heaven [s], vault of heaven).

Hence "the sky"; from Uranus, the god of the sky; in medicine, the palate, roof, or top of the mouth.

transuranic:

Urania:

uranic:

uranium:

uranographer:

uranographic:

uranographical:

uranographist:

uranography:

uranolite:

uranology:

uranometria:

uranometrical:

uranometry:

uranophobia:

uranoplasty:

uranoplegia:

uranorrhaphy:

uranoschism:

uranoscopy:

uranous:

Uranus:

urban, urb-, -urban, -urbia (Latin: city).

A reference to a city that connotes cultivation, refinement, and elegance.

amburbial:

conurbation:

exurb:

exurbanite:

exurbia:

interurban:

interurbanite:

penturban:

penturbia:

suburb:

suburban:

suburbanite:

suburbia:

urbacity:

urban:

urbanality:

urbane:

urbanism:

urbanity:

urbanize:

urbanology:

urbicole:

urbicolous:

urbiculture:

-ure (Latin: a suffix that denotes an act or result, result of the act of).

composure:

legislature:

literature:

nature:

primogeniture:

rupture:

scripture:

structure:

torture:

uretero-, ureter- (Greek: urinary canal).

Either of two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder; the walls of each ureter have three layers—a fibrous outer layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner memberane and are supplied by blood vessels and nerves.

ureter:

ureteralgia:

ureterectomy:

ureteric:

ureteritis:

ureterocele:

ureterocelectomy:

ureterocolic:

ureterocolostomy:

ureterocutaneostomy:

ureteroduodenal:

ureterogram:

ureterography:

ureterolith:

ureterolithotomy:

ureterolysis:

ureteromegtaly:

ureteropathy:

ureteroplasty:

ureteroproctostomy:

ureteropyelitis:

ureteropyelography:

ureteropyeloneostomy:

ureteropyelonephritis:

ureteropyelonephrostomy:

ureteropyeloplasty:

ureteropyelostomy:

ureteropyosis:

ureterorectal:

ureterorrhaphy:

ureterorrhatgia:

ureterostenosis:

ureterostomy:

ureterotomy:

ureteroureteral:

ureteroureterostomy:

ureterouterine:

ureterovaginal, :

urethro-, urethr- (Greek: urethra, a slitlike tube conveying urine from the internal urethral orifice of the bladder).

urethra:

urethral:

urethralgia:

urethrectomy:

urethrism:

urethritis:

urethrocutaneous:

urethrocystitis:

urethrocystography:

urethrocystometry:

urethrodynia:

urethrogram:

urethrograph:

urethrography:

urethrometer:

urethrometry:

urethropenile:

urethropexy:

urethroplasty:

urethrorectal:

urethrorrhagia:

urethrorrhaphy:

urethrorrhea:

urethroscope:

urethroscopy:

urethroscrotal:

urethrospasm:

urethrostenosis:

urethrostomy:

urethrotome:

urethrotomy:

urethrovaginal:

urg-, [erg-], -urgy, -urgia, -urgical, -urgically, -urgist, -urge (Greek: work).

This urg- is a transformation of erg-.

-chirurgia (suffix):

chemurgic:

chirurgeon:

chirurgery:

chirurgic:

chirurgical:

demiurge:

dramaturge:

dramaturgic:

dramaturgy:

George:

liturgy:

maneuver:

manure:

metallurgic:

metallurgy:

neururgic:

panurgy:

surgeon:

surgery:

symurgy:

thaumaturgic:

thaumaturgy:

theurgic:

-uria (Latin: a suffix; a characteristic or constituent of urine).

urico-, uric-, uri- (Latin: pertaining to urine; containing uric acid).

urino-, urin-, uri-, -uria, -urea, -ure (Latin: water, rain, wet; urine).

achromaturia:

acraturesis:

albuminuria:

hemoglobinuria:

lithuria:

oliguria:

paruria:

pneumaturia:

pollakiuria:

polyuria:

polyuric:

proteinuria:

pyuria:

urea:

urease:

urethra:

uricolysis:

uricolytic:

uridrosis:

uriesthesis:

urina:

urinable:

urinacidometer:

urinal:

urinalysis:

urinary:

urinate:

urination:

urinative:

urine:

urinemia:

urinidrosis:

uriniferous:

urinific:

uriniparous:

urinocryoscopy:

urinogenous:

urinologist:

urinology:

urinoma:

urinometer:

urinometry:

urinophilous:

urinosanguineous:

urinous:

uriposia:

-urnal (Greek > Latin: a suffix that forms adjectives of "time").

diurnal:

nocturnal:

terdiurnal:

uro-, ur-, ure- (Greek: urine [water, rain, wet]).

uroacidimeter:

urodynamic:

urodynamics:

urodynia:

uroerythrin:

urogenous:

urogram:

urography:

urokinetic:

urolith:

urolithology:

urologic:

urologist:

urology:

uromancy:

uromantia:

uronology:

uronophile:

uronoscopy:

uropathogen:

uropathy:

uropenia:

urophobia:

uropoiesis:

uropoietic:

uropsammus:

urotoxic:

urotoxin:

uroxanthin:

uro-, ur-, -urous, -ura, -uroid, -urus, -uridae (Greek: tail, tail-like).

anthurium:

anurous:

brachyurous:

cynosure:

urochord:

urodele:

uropod:

Uropygi:

uropygi:

uropygial:

uropygium:

-us (Greek: a suffix meaning, individual, person).

-us (Greek: a suffix meaning, act of, result of the act of).

ursi-, urs- (Latin: bear [the omnivorous animal, a.k.a. a carnivore]).

Orson:

ursa:

Ursa major:

Ursa minor:

Ursidae:

ursiform:

ursine:

urson:

Ursula:

Ursus:

Ursus spelaeus:

utero-, uter- (Latin: womb).

uteralgia:

utercystostomy:

utergenic:

uteri:

uterine:

uterismus:

utero-ovarian:

uteroabdominal:

uterocervical:

uterocolic:

uterocystostomy:

uterodynia:

uteroenteric:

uterogestation:

uterography:

uterolith:

uterometer:

uterometry:

uteroparietal:

uteropelvic:

uteropexy:

uteroplasty:

uteroscope:

uterothermometry:

uterotomy:

uterotonic:

uterotropic:

uterotubal:

uterovaginal:

uteroventral:

uterus:

utopia (Greek: literally, "no where").

Coined by Sir Thomas More [1779-1852] from Greek ou, "no", and topos, "place".

dystopia:

queuetopia:

Utopia:

Utopian:

utopianism:

utopianist:

utopianize:

utopistic:

utopographer:

utopography:

uveo-, uve- (Latin: grapelike; the uvea, the [grapelike] surface of the iris of the eye).

uvulo-, uvul- (Latin: a pendent, fleshy mass).

The small, fleshy mass hanging from the soft palate above the root of the tongue, composed of the levator and tensor palati muscle of the uvula, connective tissue, and mucous membrane; literally, "little grape".

uvula:

uvular:

uvularis:

uvulatome:

uvulatomy:

uvulectomy:

uvulitis:

uvulopalatopharyngoplasty:

uvuloptosis:

uvulotome:

uvulotomy:

uxor- (Latin: wife; spouse [female]).

uxor:

1. In civil law, a wife; a woman lawfully married.
2. Et uxor, and his wife. Often abbreviated "et ux."
3. Jure uxoris, a term used in reference to a husband who brings about some legal action on behalf of his wife.

Uxor non est sui juris, sed sub potestate viri. A legal term meaning: A wife is not her own mistress, but is under the power of her husband.

Uxor sequitur domicilium viri. A legal term meaning: A wife follows the domicile of her husband.

uxoravalence:

A condition of being sexually impotent with one's own wife but potent with other women. (See uxorovalence below for the opposite condition).

uxorial:

Of or pertaining to a wife or wives.

uxoriality:

The condition of being a wife; wifehood.

uxoricide:

The murdering of one's own wife or the man who kills his wife.

uxoricidic, uxoricidal:

Of, relating to, or marked by the murder of one's wife.

uxoricidomania:

Obsession with thoughts of killing one's wife.

uxorilocal, uxorilocally:

Applied to or denoting residence after marriage in the area of the wife's home, family, or community.

uxoriosis:

A masochistic submissiveness to one's wife.

uxorious, uxoriously:

Excessively submissive to or devotedly attached, to a one's wife; especially in a self-effacing or submissive way.

uxoriousness:

The character or quality of being uxorious; doting or submissive fondness of one's wife.

Philander, Uxorious

I once knew a gander

True to his goose.

He didn't philander,

Didn't seduce.

Hail, meritorious

Gander uxorious!

-Willard R. Espy in Say It My Way, 1980.

uxorium:

A tax imposed on male citizens in ancient Rome for not marrying.

uxorodespotism, uxorodespotic:

1. A morbid domineering by one's wife; wifely tyranny. 2 Domination of a husband by a wife.

uxorovalence:

A condition of being sexually potent only with one's own wife but not with other women.

vacc- (Latin: cow).

vaccary:

A small-scale commercial cattle farm. The word is usually linked to grazing land in the moors and valleys of the Pennines in Yorkshire and Lancashire, England.

vaccinate:

vaccination:

vaccine:

vaccinotherapy:

vaccino-, vaccin-, vaccini-, vacci- (Latin: of, or pertaining to, a cow).

Scientific Latin, suspension of killed or attenuated microorganisms administered orally or by injection for the prevention or treatment of infectious disease.

vacilla-, vacillat- (Latin: flow, wave, back).

vacillant:

vacillate:

vacillating:

vacillation:

vacillator:

vacu- (Latin: empty).

evacuate:

evacuation:

vacancy:

vacant:

vacate:

vacation:

vacuist:

vacuity:

vacuole:

vacuometer:

vacuous:

vacuum:

vaga-, vag- (Latin: wander, move around).

extravagance:

extravagant:

Nervus vagus:

vagabond:

vagabondage:

vagary:

vagrancy:

vagrant:

vague:

vagus:

vagino-, vagin- (Latin: originally, "sheath, scabbard, the husk of grain"; in medical science, the vagina or lowest part of the female genital tract, the canal that leads from the vulva to the uterus).

evaginate:

vagina (singular):

vaginae (plural):

vaginal:

vaginalectomy:

vaginapexy:

vaginate:

vaginatitis:

vaginectomy:

vaginiferous:

vaginiform:

vaginiperineotomy:

vaginismus:

vaginitis:

vaginoabdominal:

vaginocele:

vaginocutaneous:

vaginodynia:

vaginofixation:

vaginogram:

vaginography:

vaginolabial:

vaginometer:

vaginomycosis:

vaginopathy:

vaginoperineal:

vaginoperineotomy:

vaginopexy:

vaginoplasty:

vaginoscope:

vaginoscopy:

vaginotomy:

vaginovesical:

vaginovulvar:

vaginula:

viginicole:

viginicoline:

viginicolous:

vago-, vag- (Latin: unsettled, wandering [nerve], the tenth and longest of the cranial nerves).

valid-, val-, vale-, -vail, -valent, -valence (Latin: valere, to be strong, be well, to be worth; strong; power, strength; and "fare well" [go with strength]).

ambivalence, ambivalent:

1. The coexistence in one person of contradictory emotions or attitudes (as love and hatred) towards a person or thing.
2. The existence of mutually conflicting emotions or thoughts about a person, object, or idea.
3. Uncertainty as to what course to follow; indecision.

avail, availed, availing:

1. To be of use or advantage to; to help.
2. To be of use, value, or advantage; to serve.

available, availability:

1. Accessible for use; at hand.
2. Having the qualities and the willingness to take on a responsibility.

ave atque vale:

Hail and farewell. Ave, "hail", was the Roman equivalent of "hello", and vale the equivalent of "goodbye", as well as the Roman farewell to the dead. Catullus used this expression in closing a poem on the death of his brother: Atque in perpetuum, frater, ave atque vale or "And forever, brother, hail and farewell!"

carnival:

From Middle Latin, carne, vale, "O flesh, farewell!" through Italian, carnevale, and French, carnaval.

convalesce:

To recover from sickness, regain health, to get better or strong.

convalescent:

1. Recovering health and strength after illness; in the way of recovery; still in need of nursing.
2. One who is recovering from sickness.

countervail:

1. To act against or resist with equal force; to counterbalance.
2. To avail or prevail against; to have force or be of effect against; to counterbalance.

devaluate, devalue:

To lessen or annul the value of.

devaluation:

The reduction of the official value of a currency in terms of gold or of another currency.

equivalence, equivalency:

The state or condition of being equivalent; equality.

equivalent:

1. Equal, as in force, value, or meaning.
2. Having identical or similar effects.

evaluate:

1. To examine and judge.
2. To consider or examine something in order to judge its value, quality, importance, extent, or condition.
3. To put a value on; to estimate the monetary value of somehting.

evaluation:

1. Assessing the value or the act of considering or examining something in order to judge its value, quality, importance, extent, or condition.
2. A statement of value; a sopken or written statement of the value, quality, importance, extent, or condition of something.

hexavalent:

Combining with or capable of replacing six atoms of hydrogen or other univalent element or radical.

invalid (in VAL id):

1. Not factually or legally valid; null.
2. Falsely based or reasoned; faulty.

invalid (IN vuh lid):

1. A chronically ill or disabled person.
2. To make an invalid of.

invalidate:

To make invalid or to nullify.

invaluable:

Intensely or extremely useful or valuable.

paravalent:

Potent sexually only in unusual circumstances.

prevail:

1. To be greater in influence or strength; triumph.
2. To be or become effecive; win out.
3. To be in current force, use, or effect.

prevalence, prevalent:

Widely existing, accepted, or practiced.

pronovalent:

Sexually potent only in the prone position.

stasivalent:

Sexually potent in the standing position only.

supinovalent:

Sexually potent only when supine (lying on the back with the face upward).

uxoravalence:

State of being sexually potent with most women, but not with one's wife.

uxorovalence:

State of being sexually potent with one's wife but not with other women.

vale:

Farewell (goodbye, from late 16th century "God be with you").

valeat quantum valere potest:

Take it for what it's worth; literally, "Let it stand for what it is worth". Used when passing on information that is of doubtful authenticity.

vive, vale:

Farewell; literally, "Live, be well"; also given as vive valeque, "Live and be well".

valediction:

1. An act of bidding farewell [originally fare well (two words) addressed to someody setting out on a journey; prosper, go with strength, or be well].
2. A speech or statement made as a farewell, especially at a high-school commencement.

valedictorian:

A student, usually ranking highest in a graduating class, who delivers the farewell speech at a commencement ceremony.

valedictory:

1. Relating to or by way of a farewell.
2. A farewell speech, especially one delivered by a valedictorian at commencement exercises.

valence, valency:

In chemistry, the capacity of an atom or group of atoms to combine in specific proportions with other atoms or groups of atoms.

valetudinarian:

A weak or sickly individual, especially one constantly and morbidly concerned with matters of health.

valetudinary:

Of, pertaining to, or typical of a valetudinarian.

valiant:

1. Having or exhibiting valor; courageous.
2. Characterized by or performed with valor.

valid:

1. Well-grounded.
2. Producing the desired results; efficacious.
3. Legally sound and effective; incontestable.

validate:

1. To declare or make legally valid.
2. To mark with an indication of official sanction.

valor:

Courage, bravery, strength. British: valour.

valorize:

To establish and maintain the price of (a commodity) by government action.

valorous:

Valiant.

valuable:

1. Of high monetary or material value.
2. Of great importance, utility, or service.
3. Having admirable or esteemed qualities or characteristics.

value:

1. An amount regarded as a suitable equivalent for something else, especially a fair price or return for goods or services.
2. Monetary or material worth.
3. Worth in usefulness or importance to the possessor.
4. A principle, standard, or quality regarded as worthwhile or desirable.

valueless:

Having no value; worthless.

valvulo-, valvul- (Latin: a valve, a doorlike structure in a passageway that hinders or prevents the reflux of its contents).

vandal- (Latin: wanderer).

Of Teutonic origin, now used in the sense of "acting barbarously" or "destroying".

vapori-, vapor-, vapo- (Latin: steam).

vari- (Latin: different, diversity, change).

divaricate:

invariable:

prevaricate:

prevarication:

prevaricator:

unvarying:

variable:

variance:

variant:

variation:

varicolor:

varicolored:

varied:

variegate:

variety:

variform:

variometer:

various:

vary:

varico-, varic-; varix- (Latin: twisted and swollen vein).

vasculo-, vascul- (Latin: [small] vessel).

vaso-, vas-, vasi- (Latin: vessel, duct).

circumvascular:

vasalgia:

vascular:

vascularity:

vasculitis:

vasculogenesis:

vasculotoxic:

vase:

vasectomy:

vasiform:

vasodilation:

vasodilator:

vasography:

vasohypertonic:

vasohypotonic:

vasomotor:

vasopuncture:

vasoreflex:

vasorelaxation:

vasosensory:

vasotomy:

vasotrophic:

vasotropic:

vosomotion:

veh-, vect- (Latin: to carry).

veloci-, veloc-, velo- (Latin: fast, speed, swift, and rapid).

velocimeter:

An instrument used to measure the speed of a fluid or sound.

velocipede:

Any of various early forms of bicycle or tricycle, including some that had pedals attached to the front wheel or were propelled by pushing the feet along the ground; later it applied to a form of railroad vehicle propelled by pedals and even to a railroad handcar.

velocipedist, velocipedean, velocipeder, velocipedian:

One who rides a velocipede.

velocity:

1. The speed at which something moves, happens, or is done.
2. A measure of the rate of change in position of something with respect to time, involving speed and direction.
3. Rapidity or celerity of motion; swiftness, speed.

velodrome:

A stadium that has a banked track for bicycle races.

velodyne:

A device in which the output of a tachogenerator is fed back so as to keep the rotational speed of a shaft proportional to an applied voltage.

velometer:

An instrument for measuring the speed of air, or of an aircraft through the air.

vela-, vel- (Latin: covering).

vend- (Latin: to sell, to give [i.e. offer] for sale).

vend:

vendable:

vendee:

vender:

vendible:

vending:

vendition:

vendor:

vendue:

vener-, venari- (Latin: love, sexual desire, loveliness, beauty, attractiveness, charm; by extension "to reverence, worship, venerate").

Venery, "hunting" [archaic], "to hunt" from Latin venari, "to hunt, pursue"; the act, art, or sport of hunting; "love for the pursuit [hunt]".

venerable:

venerate:

veneration:

venereal:

venerealization:

venerealize:

venereologist:

venereology:

venereophobia:

venery:

venial:

venison:

Venus:

veno-, ven- (Latin: poison).

antivenin:

A proteinaceous material used in the treatment of poisoning by animal venom.

antivenom:

Another form of antivenin.

antivenomous:

Opposng, or counteracting, the action of venom.

anvenom:

An obsolete term: to envenom, to poison.

avenom:

An obsolete term meaning: to poison.

countervenom:

Venom or poison used as an antidote to another poison.

disenvenom:

To undo the process of envenoming; to deprive of its venom.

envenom, envenomed:

1. To poison by contact, bite, inoculation, etc.
2. To put venom or poison on (a weapon, etc.); to taint (the air, ground, etc.) with poison; to render noxious or poisonous. 3 To infuse venom or bitterness into (actions, relations, etc.); to impart bitterness to (the feelings or words of a person); to embitter, make virulent.

envenomation:

The introduction of venoms into the body by means of a bite or sting.

envenomize:

To infect with poison.

envenomous:

Full of venom; poisonous.

evenomate:

To take poison out of or from (food, etc.).

transvenom:

To transform into something poisonous.

venenation:

Poisoning; a condition of being poisoned.

veneniferous:

Carrying poison.

venenific:

Forming poison.

venenosa:

Poisonous snakes, collectively.

veneosity:

State of being venomous.

venenous:

Poisonous.

venom:

1. A poison secreted by some animals, such as insects, spiders, or snakes, and transmitted by bites or stings.
2. Spite, malice.

From Middle English, venym, venim, venon, previously from Old French, venim (French venin), from Vulgar Latin, venimen, which was formed from Latin venenum, "a drug, potion" through the substitution of the suffix -imen for -enum. The Latin venenum originally meant "love potion". It is derived from venus, "love, sexual desire".

venomization:

Treatment of a material with snake venom.

venomosalivary:

Secreting saliva with venom in it.

venomosity:

The condition of being venomous.

venomous:

1. Poisonous.
2. Pertaining to animals or insects that have venom-secreting glands.
3. Secreting venom; poisonous.
4. Malicious; full of malice, spite, or extreme hostility.

venomously:

In a venomous manner; with venom or virulence; fiercely, malignantly, virulently.

venenum:

A poison.

venomousness:

The condition or quality of being venomous.

veno-, ven-, veni-, vene-, -venous, -venously (Latin: blood veins).

intravenous:

intravenously:

paravenous:

paravenously:

venofibrosis:

venogram:

venography:

venomotor:

venopressor:

venose:

venosity:

venostasis:

venostat:

venotomy:

venous:

vent- (Latin: air, wind).

hyperventilate:

hyperventilating:

hyperventilation:

hypoventilation:

vent:

ventiduct:

ventifact:

ventilate:

ventilation:

ventilator:

ventile:

ventometer:

ventose:

ventriculo-, ventricul- (Latin: [little] belly; hence, "a small cavity, especially of the heart or brain").

ventro-, ventri-, ventr- (Latin: stomach, belly [or a relationship to the front or anterior aspect of the body]).

ventral:

ventricle:

ventricose:

ventriduct:

ventriduction:

ventriloquism:

ventriloquist:

ventriloquy:

ventripotent:

ventrodorsal:

ventroposterior:

ventroscopy:

ventrotomy:

venus (Latin: goddess of love; love, sexual desire, loveliness, attractiveness, beauty, charm).

verdant, verd- (Latin: the color green, yellow-green).

verdancy:

verdant:

[VER duhnt] adjective, 1. Covered with green vegetation or foliage.
2. Green in color.
3. Lacking experience or sophistication (inexperienced or unsophisticated); such as, a verdant youth. Noun form, verdancy; adverb form, verdantly.

verdantique:

verdigris:

verdohemochrome:

verdohemoglobin:

verdure:

Vermont:

viridescent:

verg-, -vergent, -vergence (Latin: bend, curve, turn, tend toward, incline).

converge:

convergence:

convergent:

diverge:

divergence:

divergent:

verge:

veri-, ver- (Latin: true, truth, real, truthfulness).

aver:

1. To declare true, assert the truth of (a statement).
2. To assert as a fact; to state positively, affirm.
3. To assert or allege something confidently.
4. In law, to state or allege that something is true.

veracious:

1. Honest or truthful.
2. True or accurate.

veracity:

1. The truth, accuracy, or precision of something.
2. The truthfulness or honesty of a person.
3. A truth or true statement.

verdict:

1. The decision arrived at by a jury at the end of a trial.
2. An expressed conclusion; judgment.

A verdict is etymologically a "true saying" or a "true statement". It was evolved from verdit, the Anglo-Norman variant of Old French veirdit. This was a compound formed from veir "true" (a descendant of Latin verum and relative of English very) and dit "saying, speech", which came from Latin dictum. The partial Latinization of verdit to verdict is said to have taken place in the 16th century.

Dictionary of Word Origins by John Ayto
(New York: Arcade Publishing, 1990).

veridical:

1. Telling the truth.
2. Corresponding to facts or to reality, and therefore genuine or real.

verification:

1. The establishment of the truth or correctness of something by investigation or evidence.
2. The evidence that proves something true or correct.
3. In law, an affidavit swearing to the accuracy of a pleading.

verificationism:

The view that every meaningful proposition is capable of being shown to be true or false.

verify, verifiable, verifiably:

1. To prove that something is true.
2. To check whether or not something is true by examination, investigation, or comparison.
3. In law, to swear or affirm under oath that something is true.

veriloquence, veriloquent:

Speaking the truth; truthful, veracious.

verily:

In truth (archaic).

verisimilar:

Appearing to be true or real.

verisimilitude:

1. The appearance of being true or real.
2. Something that only appears to be true or real, e.g., a statement that is not supported by evidence.

verism, verist, veristic:

Strict realism or naturalism in art and literature.

veritable, veritableness, veritably:

1. Indicating that something being referred to figuratively is as good as true.
2. True as a declaration or statement

verity:

The quality of being true or real.
2. Something that is true, especially a statement or principle that is accepted as a fact.

very:

1. An adverb that is used in front of adjectives and adverbs to emphasize their meanings.
2. Indicates an extreme position or extreme point in time.
3. Exactly the right or appropriate person or thing, or exactly the same person or thing.
4. Used before nouns to emphasize seriousness or importance.

vermo-, verm-, vermi- (Latin: worm).

Vermes:

vermian:

vermicelli:

vermicidal:

vermicide:

vermicular:

vermiculate:

vermiculation:

vermicule:

vermidice:

vermiform:

vermifugal:

vermifuge:

vermigrade:

vermin:

verminate:

vermination:

verminosis:

verminous:

vermiophobia:

vermiphagia:

vermiphile:

vermivorous:

vermography:

vers-, vert-, -verse, -version, -version, -versation, -versary, -vert, vort-, vors- (Latin: bend, turn).

adversary:

adversative:

adverse:

adversity:

advert:

advertise:

advertisement:

animadversion:

animadvert:

anniversary:

averse:

aversion:

avert:

controverse:

controversy:

controvert:

conversant:

conversation:

converse:

conversely:

conversion:

convert:

convertible:

dextrorse:

divers:

diverse:

diversion:

diversity:

divert:

diverticulum:

divorce:

divorcee:

eversion:

evert:

extrorse:

extroversion:

extrovert:

inadvertent:

incontrovertible:

introrse:

introversion:

introvert:

inverse:

inversion:

invert:

invertibrate:

malversation:

obverse:

obversion:

obvert:

perverse:

perversion:

pervert:

quaquaversal:

retrorser:

retroversion:

reversal:

reverse:

reversible:

reversicon:

reversion:

reverso:

revert:

sinistrorse:

subversion:

subversive:

subvert:

tergiversate:

tergiverse:

tetrovert:

transverse:

traverse:

universal:

universe:

university:

versatile:

verse:

versed:

versicle:

versicolor:

versify:

version:

verso:

versus:

vertebra:

vertebrate:

vertex:

vertical:

verticil:

verticillation:

vertiginous:

vertigo:

vervel:

vice versa:

vortex:

vortical:

vorticism:

vortiginous:

vesiculo-, vesicul-, vesiculi- (Latin: [small] blister; literally, "small bladder").

vetebro-, vertebr- (Latin: joint, especially of the spinal column).

vesico-, vesic- (Latin: bladder; blister).

vesper (Latin: evening; pertaining to the evening).

vesperal:

vespers:

Vespertilio:

vespertilionid:

Vespertilionidae:

vespertine:

vespertilio (Latin: bat [s]).

pipestrel:

pipistrelle:

vespertilian:

Vespertilio:

vespertilionid:

Vespertilionidal:

vespertilionine:

vespi-, vesp- (Latin: wasp).

vespiary:

Vespidae:

vespiform:

vespine:

vespoid:

vesti-, vest- (Latin: covering for the body, clothes).

vexat-, vex- (Latin: annoy, irritate; to harass; an agitation; a shaking, jolting, shock).

vex:

1. To make someone annoyed or upset.
2. To cause someone anxiety or distress; to agitate.
3. To confuse or puzzle someone.
3. In law, to harass, disquiet, annoy; as by repeated litigation upon the same facts.

vexari:

In law, to be harassed, vexed, or annoyed; to be prosecuted; as in the maxim: Nemo debet bis vexari pro una et eadem causa, "No one should be twice prosecuted for one and the same cause."

vexata quaestio:

In law, a vexed question; a question often agitated or discussed, but not determined or settled; a question or point that has been determined differently, and so left doubtful.

vexation:

1. The state of being provoked to irritability or anxiety.
2. Something that provokes irritability or anxiety.
3. The state or fact of being mentally troubled or distressed; in later use, especially by something causing annoyance, irritation, dissatisfaction, or disappointment.
4. In law, the injury or damage that is suffered as a result of the tricks of another person.

vexatious:

1. Provoking irritation or anxiety by causing trouble.
2. To put forward on insufficient grounds and with the intention of causing annoyance to the defendant.
3. In law, without reasonable or probable cause or excuse.
4. As a noun, vexatiousness.

vexatious delay or vexatious refusal to pay: In law, a term used in insurance statutes providing for penalties for an insurer's conduct in unjustifiably refusing to pay insurance claims.

vexatiously:

In a vexatious manner; so as to cause annoyance or irritation.

vexatious proceeding:

In law, a proceeding instituted maliciously and without probable cause. A type of malicious prosecution based on a civil action that exists when the party bringing the proceeding is not acting bona fide, and is merely trying to annoy or embarrass his opponent, or when it is not calculated to lead to any practical result. Such a proceeding is often described as "frivolous and vexatious", and the court may dismiss it on that ground.

vexed:

1. Irritated, provoked to irritability or anxiety.
2. Being the subject of much debate.
3. As an adverb, vexedly or as a noun, vexedness.

vexill- (Latin: flag, standard).

vexilla:

banners or flags

Vexilla regis prodeunt,

Fulget crucis mysterium,

Qua vita mortem pertulit

Et morta vitam protulit.

Abroad the royal banners fly

And bear the gleaming Cross on high-

That Cross whereon Life suffered death

And gave us life with dying breath.

Vexilla regis prodeunt (the banners of the king come forth) is the title of a hymn on the Passion of Christ, written by Vanantius Fortunatus, bishop of Poitiers (died about A.D. 600) and assigned to Vespers during Passiontide.

vexillary [VEK suh ler" ee], vexillarious [vek" suh LER ee uhs]: 1. One of the oldest class of veterans in the Roman army, serving under a special standard.
2. A Roman standard-bearer; originally, a member of a special Roman military unit under a separate vexillum.
3. When used as an adjective, of or pertaining to flags.

vexillation [vek" suh LAY shuhn]: 1. In Roman antiquity, a company of troops under one vexillum, detached for special service from a main body of soldiers.
2. Later, a regular troop of calvary; also, a company of veterans of a legion.

vexillatry, vexillolatry:

Treatment, or worship, of a flag as a fetish or sacred object.

While the earliest flags were vexilloids, the emblem at the top of the staff varied. It might have been the tail of a tiger, a metal vane, a ribbon, a carved animal, a windsock of woven grasses or crude cloth, or a construction combining more than one material. Since kinship, real or imagined, constitutes the principal organizing technique of primitive societies, very frequently we find the animal from which the clan claims descent and for which it is named (that is its totem), as the chief symbol of the vexilloid. The people who carried the totem believed they derived their powers from it; hence, vexilloids very early acquired a religious significance they have never lost (page 37).

Like Roman religion, these vexilloids were not jealous or exclusivistic because official recognition was given in the Roman pantheon to the totemic vexilloids of barbarian troops serving in the Roman army. It was a matter of great surprise to the Romans when the monotheistic Jews rioted in ca. 26 A.D. upon the introduction of the sacred Roman vexilloids into the Temple on order of Pilate (pages 37-38).

[From Flags trough the Ages and Across the World,
compiled by Whitney Smith, 1975; McGraw-Hill Book Co. (UK) Limited]

vexillator:

A banner-bearer in a mystery or a miracle play.

vexillographer:

A person who designs or makes flags.

vexilloid:

An object that functions as a flag but differs from it in some respect, usually in appearance. Vexilloids are characteristic of traditional societies and often consist of a staff with an emblem, such as a carved animal, at the top.

Vexilloids of the Roman Empire were sophisticated in design and usage. Animals were used on standards until 104 B.C. when the consul Marius ordered the eagle to become the sole standard of Roman legions. Names and wreaths of honor were included on some Roman vexilloids, while in later years the emperors insisted that their portraits be used. From the word vexillum, the only cloth flag apparently carried by the Romans, is derived the word vexillology, the study of flag history and symbolism. [From Flags trough the Ages and Across the World, compiled by Whitney Smith, 1975; McGraw-Hill Book Co. (UK) Limited, side bar on page 36]

vexillogical [vek" suh LAHJ jik'l], vexillological [vek" suh luh LAHJ jik'l]: A reference to flags.

vexillologist [vek" suh LAHL luh jist]: One who studies flags.

vexillology [vek suh LAHL luh jee]: 1. The study of flags.
2. The scientific study of the history, symbolism, and usage of flags or, by extension, any interest in flags in general.

Coined by Dr. Whitney Smith, compiler of the book, Flags through the Ages and Across the World, McGraw-Hill Book Company (UK), 1975.

In his book, Dr. Smith says, "While the use of flags goes back to the earliest days of human civilization, the study of that usage in a serious fashion is so recent that the term for it (vexillology, coined by the author of this book) did not appear in print until 195
9. This has resulted in a lack of uniformity in flag terms and, worse still, a lack of source material concerning actual usage on which standardization might be based." (page 12).

vexillomania: An abnormal desire to collect and have flags.

vexillomaniac:

Anyone who has an abnormal passion for collecting flags.

vexillophilia:

A fondness for studying flags and for collecting them.

vexillophiliac:

A person who has a fondness for flags and/or for collecting them.

vexillum [vek SIGHL uhm]: 1. In ancient Rome, a military standard, flag, or banner; or the troops serving under a separate standard.
2. In Roman antiquity, a square flag, hanging transversely from the end of a spear by a wooden crosspiece, used especially by the calvary.
3. A company of troops serving under one standard; especially, a company of privileged veterans connected with a legion.
4. The web or vane of a feather.
5. In botany, the large upper posterior petal in a pea flower; in horticulture also called banner or standard.
6. In zoology, the weblike part of a feather; the vane.
7. In some ecclesiastical situations, a processional standard, banner, or cross.

via- [-vey, -voy-] (Latin: way, road, path).

convey:

convoy:

deviant:

deviate:

deviation:

deviationism:

deviationist:

devious:

envoy:

evitable:

impervious:

invoice:

obviate:

obvious:

pervious:

previous:

previously:

quadrivium:

Traviata:

trivia:

trivial:

triviality:

trivialization:

trivialize:

trivialness:

trivium:

vehicle:

via:

viaduct:

viatic:

viaticum:

voyage:

vibro-, vibr- (Latin: to quiver, oscillate).

vicar- (Latin: substitute; change, alternation).

vicar:

1. A parish priest in the Church of England who receives a stipend or salary but does not receive the tithes of a parish.
2. A cleric acting in the place of a rector or bishop in the Anglican Communion generally.
4. In the Roman Catholic Church, a priest acting for or representing another, often a higher-ranking cleric.
5. One who serves as a substitute or agent for another, especially in the capacity of an administrator.

vicarage:

1. A vicar's residence.
2. A vicar's benefice.
3. A vicar's duties or office.

vicarate:

A vicariate.

vicar forane:

In the Roman Catholic Church, a priest appointed by a bishop to exercise limited jurisdiction over the clergy in a district of a diocese.

vicar general:

1. In the Roman Catholic Church, a priest acting as deputy to a bishop to help him administer his diocese.
2. An ecclesiastical official in the Church of England, usually a layperson, who assists an archbishop or bishop in administrative and judicial duties.

vicarial:

1. Of or pertaining to a vicar.
2. Acting as or holding the position of a vicar.
3. Serving in the place of another.

vicariate:

1. The authority or office of a vicar.
2. The district under a vicar's jurisdiction.

vicarious, vicariously, vicariousness:

1. Endured or done by one person substituting for another.
2. Acting in place of someone or something else.
3. Felt or experienced as if one were taking part in the experience or feelings of another.
4. In physiology, taking place in or done by a part of the body not usually associated with a particular function.

Vicar of Christ:

In the Roman Catholic Church, the pope.

vice- From Latin meaning: "change, succession, position, place". Used in the sense of "one who is a deputy of or a stand-in for the person named by the combining root".

vicissitude, vicissitudes:

1. A change or variation.
2. The quality of being changeable; mutability.
3. One of the abrupt or unexpected changes or shifts often met with in one's life, activities, or surroundings.

vicissitudinary, vicissitudinous:

Marked by, full of, or subject to changes or variations.

vid-, video-, vis-, -vision, -visional, -visionally, visuo-, vu- (Latin: see, sight, view, look, perceive).

advice:

advisable:

advise:

advised:

advisement:

advisory:

belvedere:

belvue:

clairvoyant:

deja vu:

envisage:

envision:

envy:

evidence:

evident:

evidently:

improvidence:

improvident:

improvisator:

improvise:

interview:

invidious:

invisible:

jurisprudence:

preview:

previse:

prevision:

provide:

providence:

provident:

providential:

provider:

providing:

provision:

provisional:

proviso:

provisory:

prudence:

prudent:

purvey:

purview:

review:

revisal:

revise:

revision:

revisit:

revisory:

revue:

supervise:

supervision:

supervisor:

surveillance:

survey:

surveying:

televideophone:

televise:

television:

vide supra:

videlicet:

video:

videoconferencing:

videodisc:

videogenic:

videognosis:

videolaseroscopy:

videophone:

videopoly:

videotape:

videotext:

vidette (vedette):

view:

viewpoint:

vis-a-vis:

visa:

visage:

vise:

visible:

vision:

visionary:

visit:

visitant:

visor:

vista:

visual:

visualphone:

visuognosis:

visuosensory:

vigi-, vig- (Latin: watchful, wakeful, alert).

vigil:

vigilance:

vigilant:

vigilante:

villi-, vill- (Latin: tuft of hair, fleece; a villus, a small protrusion, especially arising from a mucous membrane).

vinc-, vict-, -vince, -vincible, -vincibility (Latin: conquer, overcome).

convict:

conviction:

convince:

convincible:

convincing:

convincingly:

evict:

eviction:

evince:

evincible:

Invictus:

invincibility:

invincible:

vanquish:

Victor:

victor:

Victoria:

The Roman personification of victory, venerated as a goddess, especially by conquering generals. There was a temple to her at Rome. Victoria was held in greater esteem by the war-loving Romans than was her Greek counterpart, Nike, by the Greeks.

victorious:

victory:

victrix:

Vincent:

vincible:

vino-, vin-, vini- (Latin: wine).

vignette:

vignettist:

vinaceous:

vine:

vinegar:

vinery:

vineyard:

vinic:

vinicultural:

viniculture:

viniculturist:

viniferous:

vinification:

vinology:

vinometer:

vinosity:

vinous:

vinously:

vintage:

vintner:

vintry:

vinyl:

vir-, viri-, virtu-(Latin: man, manliness; manhood; husband).

centumvir, centumviral, centumvirate (singular), centumviri (plural):

In Roman history, a body of judges appointed by the praetor to decide common causes among the Roman people. They were elected out of the thirty-five tribes, three from each tribe, which made the number one hundred five, though for the sake of conciseness called "The Hundred Men", which was the name they continued to use even when the number was increased under the emperors to 180.

decemvir, decemviral, decemvirate:

In Roman history, a body of ten men acting as a commission, council, college, or ruling authority; especially, the two bodies of magistrates appointed in 451 and 450 B.C. to draw up a code of laws (The Laws of Twelve Tables) who were, during the time, entrusted with the supreme government of Rome.
2. A council or ruling body of ten, as the Council of Ten of the Venetian Republic.

deivirile:

A term used in theology that signifies someone who is divine and man (human) at the same time.

devirilize, devirilization:

To deprive of virility or manly qualities; to devitalize.

duumvir, duumviracy, duumviral, duumvirate:

1. In Roman history, one of the duumviri, the general name given to pairs of co-equal magistrates and functionaries in Rome and in her coloniae and municipia.
2. In modern use, one of two colleagues in authority.

evirate:

1. Castrated, emasculated; deprived of manly strength or vigor.
2. To deprive of manly qualities or attributes; to render unmanly in character or appearance.

eviration:

The action of depriving of virility; the state of being deprived of virility; emasculation.

evirato:

A male singer castrated in boyhood so as to retain an alto or soprano voice.

evirtuate:

1. To put forth virtue from (oneself); to exert oneself (to do something).
2. To put forth virtue, exert influence.
3. To take away the virtue of, to deprive of authority, power, or strength.
4. Deprived of virtue, strength, or power; enervated.

invirile, invirility:

Unmanly, effeminate.

invirtuate:

1. To make virtuous.
2. To endow with virtue or power.

levirate:

1. Brother-in-law.
2. The custom among the Jews and some other nations, by which the brother or next of kin to a deceased man was bound under certain circumstances to marry the widow.

octovirate:

A body of eight men, a council of eight.

quadrivirate:

A union of four men.

quadrumvir, quadrumvirate:

One of four men.

quindecemvir:

A member of a body, commission, etc., of fifteen men; especially one of the priests who had charge of the Sibylline books.

quingentumvirate:

A government consisting of five hundred men.

quinquevirate:

An association, board, etc., consisting of five men.

revirescence, revirescent:

Return to a youthful or flourishing condition.

septemvir, septemviral, septemvirate:

One of a body of seven men associated in an office or commission.

triumvir, triumvirate, triumviracy:

In Roman history, one of three magistrates or public officers forming a committee charged with one of the departments of the administration; also, a member of the coalition of Pompey, Caesar, and Crassus, 60 B.C. (first triumvirate), or of the administration of Caesar, Antony, and Lepidus, 43 B.C. (second triumvirate).

viracme:

Male orgasm.

virile:

1. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of a man; manly, masculine; marked by strength or force.
2. Characteristic of male sex.

virilescence, virilescent:

1. The condition of becoming virile, specifically of assuming physical characteristics of a male.
2. A condition of some animals, and especially of some fowls, in which the female, when old, assumes some of the characteristics of the male of the species.

virilia:

The male genitals.

virilify:

To make virile or manly.

virilism, virilization:

1. A form of hermaphroditism.
2. The state of a female having some male sexual characteristics.

virilist:

A hearty, excessively "manly" person; one who makes a cult of conventional masculine virtues.

virility:

The period of life during which a person of the male sex is in full vigor; mature or fully developed manhood or masculine force.

virilization, virilized:

The pathological development of male sexual characteristics, especially in a female.

virilocal:

1. Pertaining to or designating a woman's residence after marriage in the domicile of her husband.
2. A wife living with the husband's family after the marriage.

viripotent:

Possessed of strength or energy.

virtual:

1. Being something in effect even if not in reality or not conforming to the generally accepted definition of the term.
2. In physics, used to describe a particle whose existence is suggested to explain observed phenomena but is not proven or directly observable.
3. With computer technology, simulated by a computer for reasons of economics, convenience, or performance.
4. With computer technology, used to describe a technique of moving data between storage areas or media to create the impression that a computer has a storage capacity greater than it actually has.

virtualism:

The Calvinistic doctrine of Christ's virtual presence in the Eucharist.

virtuality:

The inherent ability or potential to come into existence.
2. Essential nature or being, apart from external form or embodiment.
3. A virtual (as opposed to an actual) thing, capacity, etc.; a potentiality.

virtually:

In effect even if not in fact.
2. Almost but not quite.
3. In respect of essence or effect, apart from actual form or specific manner; as far as essential qualities or facts are concerned.

virtue:

1. The quality of being morally good or righteous.
2. A particular quality that is morally good.
3. A particular quality that is good or admirable, but not necessarily in terms of morality.

virtueless:

1. Destitute of efficacy or excellence; ineffective, worthless.
2. Destitute of virtue or moral goodness; immoral, vicious.

virtuosity:

Manly qualities or character.

virtuous, virtuousness:

1. Originally, distinguished by manly qualities; full of manly courage; valiant, valorous.
2. Possessing or showing virtue in life and conduct; acting with moral rectitude or in conformity with moral laws; free from vice, immorality, or wickedness; good, just, righteous.
3. Having or showing moral goodness or righteousness.
4. Not having sexual intercourse with anyone except a partner in marriage, especially a husband.

virtuosly:

In a virtuous manner; according to or in conformity with moral laws; uprightly, righteously; chastely, purely.

vir- (Latin: poison).

virgo-, virg-, virgi- (Latin: a marriageable girl, maiden; related to "a young shoot, twig").

virgin:

virginal:

Virginia:

virginity:

Virgo:

virgo intacta:

virid-, vir- (Latin: the color green).

virescent:

virid:

viridescence:

viridescent:

viridian:

viridigenous:

viriditity:

virtuo- (Latin > Italian: a person skilled in one of the fine arts, especially in music).

viru-, vir- (Latin: poison).

viral:

viricide:

viroid:

virologic:

virological:

virologist:

virology:

virophobia:

virosis:

virucidal:

virucide:

virulence:

virulent:

viruliferous:

virus:

viruses:

viscero-, viscer-, visceri- (Latin: internal organs, entrails; any large interior organ in any of the three great cavities of the body, especially in the abdomen).

viscera:

viscerad:

visceral:

visceralgia:

visceralism:

viscerimotor:

viscerogenic:

viscerography:

visceromotor:

viscerosensory:

viscerosomatic:

viscerotomy:

visico-, visic- (Latin: bladder; denotes a relationship to the "bladder" or to a "blister").

visco-, visc-, viscos-, viscosi- (Latin: sticky).

visuo-, visu- (Latin: see, sight).

vita-, vito-, vit- (Latin: life, living, pertaining to life, essential to life).

aquavit:

aquavitae:

curriculum vitae:

devitalize:

revitalization:

revitalize:

vitadynamic:

vitae:

vitaglass:

vitagonist:

vitagraph:

vital:

vitalism:

vitality:

vitalize:

vitameter:

vitamin:

vitaminogenic:

vitaminoid:

vitaminology:

vitaminoscope:

vitaphone:

vitascope:

vitello-, vitell- (Latin: yolk, yolk of an egg).

vitellarium:

1. The part of the ovary in some invertebrates that produces yolk-filled cells providing nourishment to the developing eggs.
2. That part of the ovary in certain flatworms that produces yolk filled cells.

vitelligenous:

Yolk producing or producing yolk.

vitellin:

In biochemistry, protein in the yolk of an egg.

vitelline:

1. A reference to the yolk of an egg.
2. Of a yellow color, like an egg yolk.

vitelline membrane:

The membrane that encloses a fertilized egg.

vitellus:

The yolk of an egg. The word vitellus was first used in the sense "yolk of an egg", by Aulus Cornelius Celsus, a Roman physician and writer of the early first century.

viti- (Latin: vine, grapevines).

Vitaceae:

viticeta (plural):

viticetum (singular):

viticole:

viticolous:

viticultural:

viticulture:

viticulturer:

viticulturist:

vitiferous:

vitreo-, vitr- (Latin: glass).

in vitro:

vitrain:

vitrege:

vitreous:

vitrescence:

vitrescent:

vitrescible:

vitric:

vitrics:

vitrifiable:

vitrification:

vitriform:

vitrify:

vitrine:

vitriol:

vitriolic:

vitrite:

vetrico-, vetric- (Latin: stepfather).

viva-, vivi-, vivo-, viv- (Latin: life, alive).

antivivisection:

antivivisectionism:

antivivisectionist:

bon vivant:

convivial:

conviviality:

covivant:

in vivo:

nonviable:

ovoviviparous:

revival:

revive:

revivescence:

reviviscent:

sempervivum:

survival:

survive:

survivor:

viability:

viable:

viand:

victual:

viva:

viva voce:

vivacious:

vivacity:

vivaria (plural):

vivarium (singular):

vivary:

vive:

vivication:

vivid:

vividialysis:

vividiffusion:

vivification:

vivifier:

vivify:

vivipara:

viviparity:

viviparous:

vivipary:

viviperception:

vivisect:

vivisection:

vivisectionist:

vivisector:

vivisectoria (plural):

vivisectorium (singular):

vivisepulture:

vix- (Latin: barely, with difficulty).

voc-, voca-, vocat-, -vocation, -vocative, -vocable, vok-, -voke (Latin: call, talk, speak, say, voice, word).

advocacy:

advocate:

advocation:

avocation:

avouch:

convocation:

convoke:

equivocal:

equivocate:

equivocation:

evocative:

evoke:

intervocalic:

invocation:

invoke:

irrevocable:

provocation:

provocative:

provoke:

revocation:

revoke:

univocal:

vicalic:

viva voce:

vocable:

vocabulary:

vocal:

vocalize:

vocation:

vocational:

vocative:

vociferate:

vociferous:

voice:

voiced:

vouch:

voucher:

vouchsafe:

vowel:

vox:

vox populi:

volan-, vola- (Latin: to fly; flying; flies).

Volans:

A constellation in the Southern Hemisphere.

volant:

1. Flying or able to fly.
2. Moving quickly or nimbly; agile.
3. In heraldry, depicted, or shown, with the wings stretched as if in flight.

volatile:

1. Evaporating readily at normal pressures and temperatures.
2. Capable of being readily vaporized.
3. Changeable, especially, fickle or inconstant.
4. Given to violence, explosive.
5. Flighty, lighthearted.
6. Fleeting, ephemeral.

vol-au-vent: A light pastry shell containing a ragout of fish or meat.

volley:

1. Simultaneous discharge of several missiles.
2. The missiles thus discharged.
3. A bursting forth.
4. A shot, especially in tennis, made by hitting the ball before it touches the ground (while it's still "flying").

volcan-, vulcan- (Latin: fire, burn).

cryptovolcanic:

volcanic:

volcaniclastic:

volcanism:

volcano:

volcanogenic:

volcanological:

volcanologist:

volcanology:

Vulcan:

vulcanize:

vulcanology:

volv-, volu-, -volve, volut-, -volute, -volution (Latin: bend, curve, turn, twist, roll).

circumvolution:

circumvolve:

convolute:

convoluted:

convolution:

devolve:

evolution:

evolutionary:

evolutionism:

evolutionist:

evolvable:

evolve:

evolvement:

evolver:

involute:

involuted:

involution:

involutional:

involve:

involved:

involvement:

obvolute:

obvolution:

revolt:

revolution:

revolve:

revolver:

vault:

volt:

voluble:

volume:

volute:

vot- (Latin: vow, affirm; from votum).

votary:

1. A person bound by vows to live a life of religious worship or service; a devout adherent of a cult or religion; a committed worshiper; as "the votaries of Aphrodite".
2. A person who is filled with enthusiasm, as for a pursuit or hobby; an enthusiast.

vote:

A formal expression of preference for a candidate for office or for a proposed resolution of an issue; a means by which such a preference is made known, such as, "a raised hand or a marked ballot".

votive:

1. Given, or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow or pledge; such as, "a votive offering".
2. Expressing or symbolizing a wish, desire, or vow; as, "a votive prayer"; "votive candles".

vow:

An ernest promise to perform a specified act or to behave in a certain manner; especially a solemn promise to live and act in accordance with the rules of a religious order; such as, "to take the vows of a nun.".

The word, avow:

To acknowledge openly, boldly, and unashamedly; to confess: "avow guilt" does NOT come from the same Latin source as vow. It is based on Latin, vocare, "to call".

vov-, vot- (Latin: vow, affirm, wish, commit).

avow:

avowal:

devote:

devoted:

devotion:

devout:

votary:

vote:

voting:

votive:

votive candle:

vow:

vulcan- (Latin: fire).

vulg- (Latin: common people, multitude, common).

divulge:

divulged:

divulgence:

divulger:

divulging:

pervulgate:

vulgar:

Vulgar Latin:

vulgarian:

vulgarism:

vulgarity:

vulgarization:

vulgarize:

Vulgate:

vulpi-, vulp- (Latin: fox).

Vixen is a female fox from Middle English while vix is the name for the male fox.

Vulpecula:

vulpecular:

Vulpes:

vulpicidal:

vulpicide:

vulpicidism:

Vulpinae:

vulpine:

vulpinism:

vuls-, vell- (Latin: pull, tear, twitch).

vulvo-, vulv- (Latin: womb, matrix; literally, "a covering, a wrapper").

vulva:

vulvar:

vulvectomy:

vulvitis:

vulvopathy:

vulvorectal:

vulvouterine:

vulvovaginal:

vulvovaginitis:

xantho-, xanth-, xan-, zantho-, zanth- (Greek: the color yellow, blond).

axanthopsia:

lipoxanthine:

ooxanthine:

xanchromatic:

xanthemia:

xanthia:

xanthic:

xanthocarpous:

xanthochroia:

xanthochroic:

xanthochroid:

xanthochromatic:

xanthochromia:

xanthocyanopsia:

xanthocyanopsy:

xanthocyte:

xanthoderm:

xanthoderma:

xanthodermic:

xanthodont:

xanthodontia:

xanthodontous:

xanthoerythroderma:

xanthofibroma:

xanthoma:

xanthomelanous:

xanthophyl:

xanthophyll:

xanthophylls:

xanthophyte:

xanthopia:

xanthopsia:

xanthopterin:

xanthosomes:

xanthospermous:

xanthous:

xanthrochromatic:

xanthrochromic:

zanthine:

zanthoxylum:

xeno-, xen- (Greek: foreign, foreigner, strange, stranger; and by extension, guest).

The "x" in xeno- is pronounced "z"; "zeno". Greeks are said to have considered any stranger a "guest" and modern Greek includes xenodocheion a "guest house" or "house for guests" or its modern version of "hotel".

autoxenous:

axenous:

axeny:

dixenous:

dixeny:

euxenite:

heteroxenous:

lipoxeny:

monaxenic:

monoxenous:

monoxeny:

myrmecoxenous:

myrmecoxeny:

oligoxenous:

oligoxeny:

perixenitis:

philoxenism:

philoxenist:

pleioxenous:

pyroxene:

rheoxene:

rheoxenous:

trixenous:

trixeny:

xenagogue:

From Greek, to lead, leading; bring, take; plus a "guest" or stranger. A reference to someone who conducts strangers; a guide.

xenagogy:

The leading or conducting of strangers. It is used by some as the title of a guide-book.

xenapistia:

xenembole:

xenia:

xeniobiosis:

xenmancy:

xenobiology:

xenobiosis:

xenobiotic:

xenocurrency:

xenocytophilic:

xenodeme:

xenodiagnosis:

xenodocheionology:

xenodochial:

Given to receiving strangers; hospitable.

xenodochium:

A house of reception for strangers and pilgrims; a hotel, guest-house, especially in a monastery.

xenodochy:

Entertainment of strangers; hospitality.

Xenodusa:

xenoecic:

xenoecy:

xenoepist:

xenogamous:

xenogamy:

Fertilization by pollen from another plant of the same species; cross-fertilization.

xenogenesis, xenogenetic, xenogenic:

A supposed production of offspring permanently unlike the parent; also heterogenesis.

xenogenous:

xenogeny:

xenoglossia:

xenoglossy:

xenograft:

xenolith:

xenology:

xenomancy:

xenomania:

xenomaniac:

xenomenia:

xenomorphic:

xenomorphosis:

xenon:

xenoparasite:

xenoparasitism:

xenophilia:

xenophilic:

xenophily:

xenophobia:

xenophobic:

xenophonia:

xenophthalmia:

xenoplastic:

Xenopus:

xenopus:

xenorexia:

xenotransplantation:

1. The surgical removal of an organ or tissue from one species and transplanting it into a member of a different species, for example: the use of a baboon heart in a human being.
2. The surgical transfer of cells, tissues, or especially whole organs from one species to another.

-xenous (Greek: a combining suffix pertaining to a "host" or "guest").

dixenous:

Said of a parasite that may infect two species, but can pass its entire life cycle on either.

heteroxenous:

Also heteroecious; in biology, going through different stages of growth on different hosts, as certain parasitic fungi.

lipoxenous:

Said of a parasite that leaves its host after it has secured adequate nourishment.

metoxenous:

Also metoecious and heteroecious; parasitic on different hosts at different stages in life-history.

myremecoxenous:

Furnishing both food and shelter for ants.

pleioxenous:

Said of a parasite that is not host specific.

trixenous:

Said of a parasite that requires three successive hosts.

xero-, xer-, xir- (Greek: dry).

antixerosis:

antixerotic:

elixer:

helioxerophile:

helioxerophilous:

helioxerophily:

laryngoxerosis:

pharyngoxerosis:

xerantic:

xerarch:

xeric:

xeriscape:

xerochastic:

xerochasy:

xerocheilia:

xerochore:

xerocleistogamic:

xerocleistogamy:

xerocole:

xerocolous:

xeroderma:

xerodermatic:

xerodermia:

xerodermosis:

xerogel:

xerogeophyte:

xerography:

xerohylophile:

xerohylophilous:

xerohylophily:

xerohylophyte:

xerolith:

xeromammography:

xeromenia:

xeromorph:

xeromorphic:

xeromorphism:

xeromorphy:

xeromycteria:

xerophagia:

xerophagy:

xerophile:

xerophilous:

xerophily:

xerophobe:

xerophobia:

xerophobious:

xerophobous:

xerophonia:

xerophthalmia:

xerophthalmus:

xerophyte:

xerophytic:

xerophyton:

xeropo-ophile:

xeropo-ophilous:

xeropo-ophily:

xeropoophyte:

xeroradiography:

xerosere:

xerosialography:

xerosis:

xerostomia:

1. Dryness of the mouth resulting from diminished or arrested salivary secretion.
2. Abnormal dryness of the mouth due to insufficient secretions; also called dry mouth.

xerotes:

xerotherm:

xerothermic:

xerotherous:

xerotic:

xerotomography:

xerotripsis:

xerotropic:

xerotropism:

Xerox ™:

xi [ksi] (Greek: the fourteenth letter of the Greek alphabet).

xipho-, xiphi- (Greek: sword).

xylo-, xyl- (Greek: wood; the first element of various scientific and technical words that refer to wood).

aeroxyl:

Woody plants with a single trunk rising from the ground.

chiroxylography, chiroxylographic:

Manuscript which is added to a block book in which the illustrations are printed from woodcuts.

chromoxylography:

Printing in colors from wooden blocks.

chromoxylograph:

A picture in colors from wooden blocks.

epixylous:

Growing on wood.

geoxyl:

A plant having woody stems arising from an underground woody rhizone.

lithoxyloidical:

Resembling pyritized wood.

microxyl:

Dwarf woody plants having one main axis rising from the soil.

microgeoxyl:

Those low-lying woody plants that send up numerous stems.

monoxylon:

A canoe or boat made from one piece of timber (wood).

monoxylous:

Formed or made out of a single piece of wood; also, using one piece of wood to make a boat or coffin, etc.

photo-xylography: A process of employing photography in the preparation of wood blocks for printing.

pyroxylophilous, pyroxylophile, pyroxylophily:

Thriving on, or having a fondness, for burnt wood.

protoxylen:

In botany, the tissue from which the xylem is developed; the primitive xylem of a fibro-vascular bundle.

saproxylobios, saproxylobiotic:

Those organisms living in or on rotting wood.

xylanthrax:

Charcoal, a black or dark gray form of carbon, produced by heating wood or another organic substance in an enclosed space without air and is used as a fuel, as an absorbent, in smelting, in explosives, and by artists for drawing.

xylem:

Woody tissue or cells.

xylivorous:

Eating wood as is done by some insects.

xylobalsamum:

The fragrant wood of the tree Balsamodendron gileadense, which yields the resin called opobalsamum or Balm of Gilead.

xylocarp, xylocarpous:

A hard woody fruit.

xylochlore:

An altered form of apophyllite, found in olive-green crystals in a fossil tree-stem in a volcanic rock in Iceland.

xylochrome:

A coloring matter produced by chemical alteration of decayed wood.

xylocopid:

Belonging to or related to the genus Xylocopa, comprising the carpenter-bees.

xylogen:

In botany, wood or xylem in an early or formative state.

xylogenous:

Adapted to or living in or on wood.

xylograph:

A wood-engraving (i.e. either an engraving on wood, or an impression from one), especially one of an early period.

xylographer:

A wood-engraver, especially of an early period.

xylographic:

1. Of, pertaining to, or executed by wood-engraving.
2. Block books in which the illustrations are printed from woodcuts and the text added in manuscript (chiroxylographic).

xylographical, xylographically:

By the method of wood-engraving.

xylography:

Wood-engraving, especially of an early period or of a primitive kind; also, more widely, printing from wood blocks as distinct from type.

xyloid:

Relating to or resembling wood; of or relating to wood or like wood.

xylology:

The science of woods and forests.

xyloma:

A woody tumor on a tree or plant.

xylomancy:

Fortunetelling with pieces of wood.

xylophage:

A wood-eating insect.

xylophagan:

Names in different classifications for various groups of insects whose larvae devour wood; an insect belonging to one of these groups.

xylophagous:

Feeding on wood, as an insect larva, or boring into and destroying wood, as a mollusc or crustacean.

xylophagy:

The eating of wood as is done by insects.

xylophilan:

Belonging to the group Xylophili of beetles, that live in decayed wood; a beetle of this group.

xylophile:

Insects or fungi that live, thrive, or grow in or on wood.

xylophily, xylophilous:

Living, thriving, or growing in or on wood, as an insect or a fungus.

xylophobia:

An excessive fear of wooden objects or a fear of forests.

xylophone:

1. A musical instrument consisting of a row of wooden bars of different lengths that are laid out like a keyboard and produce a tone when struck with a mallet.
2. A musical instrument consisting of a graduated series of flat wooden bars, played by striking with a small hammer or by rubbing with rosined gloves.

xylophonist:

One who plays a xylophone.

xylophyte:

1. A woody plant.
2. A plant living in or on wood.

xylopolist:

1. One who sells timber; a timber-merchant.
2. A dealer in wooden objects or one who sells various kinds of wood or wooden objects.

xylopoly:

The selling of wood or timber.

xylotherapy:

1. The use of certain kinds of wood in the cure of disease.
2. Medical treatment by the application of certain woods to the body.

xylotomist:

That which cuts or pierces wood; such as, an insect.

xylotomous, xylotomy:

1. A reference to organisms that are able to cut or bore into wood.
2. That which cuts or pierces wood, as an insect.

xyro- (Greek: razor).

Xyrichthys:

xyrid:

Xyris:

xyrophobia:

xyrospasm:

-y (Greek: a suffix that means; state of, condition of, quality of, act of).

yocto- (Greek: from octo-, "eight"; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

Adopted by the Conference General des Poids et Mesures [CGPM] in Paris at its 19th meeting in October, 1991. This prefix is used in the metric [decimal] system as the septillionth part [U.S.] or quintillionth part [U.K.], 10^-24 [0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001]. The metric symbol for yocto- is y. "The names yocto and yotta are derived from octo, suggesting the number eight [the eighth power of 10³]; the letter 'y' is added to avoid the use of the letter 'o' as a symbol because it may be confused with the number zero." Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, 1990, document #10, pp. 44-45.

yotta- [YAH tuh or maybe YOH tuh] (Greek: from octo-, "eight"; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

Adopted by the Conference General des Poids et Mesures [CGPM] in Paris at its 19th meeting in October, 1991. This prefix is used in the metric [decimal] system as septillion [U.S.] or quintillionfold [U.K.], 10²⁴ [1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000]. The metric symbol for yotta- is Y. "The names yocto and yotta are derived from octo, suggesting the number eight [the eighth power of 10³]; the letter 'y' is added to avoid the use of the letter 'o' as a symbol because it may be confused with the number zero." Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, 1990, document #10, pp. 44-45.

zantho- (Greek: the color yellow).

zelo-, zel- (Greek > Latin: zealot; zeal; jealousy, jealous).

zephyro-, zephyr- (Greek: west wind).

zepto- [ZEP toh] (Latin: septo-, seven; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

This prefix is used in the metric [decimal] system as sextillionth [U.S.] or quadrillionth part [U.K.], 10^-21 [0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001]. The metric symbol is z.

zeta (Greek: the sixth letter of the Greek alphabet).

zetta- [ZE tuh] (Latin: septo-, "seven"; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements).

This prefix is used in the metric [decimal] system as sextillion [U.S.] or quadrillionfold [U.K.], 10²¹ [1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000]. The metric symbol is Z.

zomo- (Greek: juice, soup, sauce, broth).

zomotherapeutic:

zomotherapy:

zono-, zon-, zoni- (Greek > Latin: girdle, girded garment).

An area with definable boundaries, especially an encircling area.

zona:

zonaesthesia:

zonal:

zonality:

zonar:

Zonaria:

zonary:

zonate:

zonated:

zonation:

zone:

zoned:

zonesthesia:

zonic:

zoniferous:

zoning:

zonite:

Zonitoides:

zonochlorite:

zonociliate:

zonoid:

zonolimnetic:

zonoplacental:

Zonotrichia:

zonula:

zonule:

zonulet:

zoster-, zoster (Greek: girdle; belt).

herpes zoster:

An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of chickenpox.

It involves the sensory ganglia and their areas of innervation, characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area of the corresponding dermatome, and is usually unilateral and confined to a single or adjacent dermatomes. Also called: acute posterior ganglionitis, shingles, zona, and zoster.

zoster:

Herpes zoster; pain typical of herpes zoster in an appropriate sensory area but not followed by the development of characteristic lesions.

zosteriform:

Resembling herpes zoster.

zosteroid:

Resembling herpes zoster.

zygo-, zyg-, -zygous (Greek: yoke, forming pairs; joined, union; or denoting relationship to a junction).

azygous:

Having no fellow; unpaired.

azygoesophageal:

Pertaining to or located between the azygos vein and esophagus.

azygogram:

The radiographic record obtained by azygography.

azygography:

Radiography of the aygos venous system following its opacification with contrast material; usually employed for evaluation of abnormal tumor masses in the mediastinum, as evidenced by extrinsic pressure upon, or complete obstruction of, the visualized azygos vein.

azygomediastinal:

Pertaining to or located between the azygos vein and mediastinum.

azygos:

1. Unpaired.
2. Any unpaired part, such as the azygos vein.

azygosperm:

Azygospore.

azygospore:

A spore developed directly from a gamete without conjugation; also called azygosperm.

azygous:

Having no fellow; unpaired.

dizygotic, dizygous:

Pertaining to or derived from two separate zygotes, as dizygotic (fraternal) twins.

heterozygosis:

The formation of a zygote by the union of gametes of unlike genetic constitution.

heterozygosity, heterozygous:

The state of possessing different alleles (alternative forms of a gene that can occupy a particular chromosomal locus) at a given locus in regard to a given character.

heterozygote:

An individual possessing different alleles in regard to a given character.

homozygosis:

The formation of a zygote by the union of gametes that possess one or more identical alleles.

homozygosity:

The state of possessing a pair of identical alleles at a given locus.

homozygote, homozygous:

Possessin a pair of identical alleles at a given locus.

monozygotic, monozygosity, monozygous:

Pertaining to or derived from one zygote.

syzygiology:

The study of the relationship of the whole as contrasted to that of isolated parts and functions.

syzygy, syzygium, syzygial:

The conjunction and fusion of organs without loss of identity.

zygal:

Shaped like a yoke.

zygapophyseal:

A reference to an articular process of a vertebra (zygapophysis).

zygapophysis:

An articular process of a vertebra.

zygion (singular), zygia (plural) : A craniometric and cephalometric landmark, being the most laterally situated point on either zygomatic arch.

zygodactyl, zygodactylism:

A term sometimes used to designate simple syndactyly (webbing between adjacent digits so they are more or less completely attached), as distinguished from syndactyly in which there is bony fusion between the phalanges of the digits involved; usually occurring in the hand between the third and fourth digits and in the foot between the fourth and fifth.

zygodont:

zygolysis:

zygoma:

zygomancy:

zygomorphic:

zygomorphism:

zygomorphous:

zygophyte:

zygose:

zygosis:

zygospore:

zygotactic:

zygotaxis:

zygote:

zygotic:

zygoma- (Greek: bolt or bar).

zygomatico- (Greek: the malar bone or the arch that the malar bone forms with the other bones to which it is connected).

So named because it "yokes" the bones of the face together with those of the skull.

zygomaticofacial:

Pertaining to the zygoma and the face.

zygomaticofrontal:

Pertaining to the zygoma and the frontal bone

zygomaticomaxillary:

Pertaining to the zygoma and the maxilla.

zygomatico-orbital: Pertaining to the zygoma and the orbit.

zygomaticosphenoid:

Pertaining to the zygoma and the sphenoid bone.

zygomaticotemporal:

Pertaining to the zygoma and the temporal bone.

zymo-, zym-, -zyme, -zymic (Greek: ferment, fermentation [leavening agent, leavening catalyst]).

azyme:

azymic:

cytozyme:

enzyme:

enzymology:

histozyme:

lysozyme:

microzyme:

pre-enzyme:

proenzyme:

vitazyme:

zymase:

zymochemistry:

zymogen:

zymogenesis:

zymogenic:

zymogenous:

zymogic:

zymogram:

zymohydrolosis:

zymoid:

zymologic:

zymologist:

zymology:

zymolysis:

zymolytic:

zymophore:

zymophosphate:

zymoplastic:

zymorphorous:

zymoscope:

zymosis:

zymosthenic:

zymotic:

zymurgy:

zythepsary:

zythum:

Cross References of Latin-Greek Elements and Their English Equivalents

aboulo-, aboul-, abulo-, abul- (Greek: irresolution, indecision, loss or defect of the ability to make decisions).

abysso-, abyss-, abys- (Greek > Latin: Greek [abussoz], a-, "no" plus bussos, "bottom" through Latin [abyssus] no bottom, bottomless).

-ac (Greek > Latin: a suffix; related to, of the nature of, pertaining to).

academ- (Greek > Latin: [originally, Academus/Akademus, a name of a hero in Greek mythology; then it became a gymnasium near Athens where Plato taught]).

acan- (Greek: a prickly shrub, kind of thistle, briar, thorn).

acantho-, acanth-, -acanthid, -acanthous, -acanths (Greek: pointed appendages, spine, spiny, thorn, thorny).

acaro-, acar-, acari-, acarin- (Greek > Latin: "tiny spider", mite[s] "itch"; ticks).

accipit- (Latin: bird of prey, a hawk; hawk-like).

-aceous, -acea, -aceae, -aceaen, -aceus (Latin: a suffix; having the quality of, of the nature of, characterized by, belonging to, resembling).

acerbo-, acerb- (Latin: bitter, sharp, sour, stinging).

aceto-, acet- (Latin: vinegar; sour, to be sour).

acetyl- (Latin: derived from aceto- plus the suffix -yl; used in naming chemical radicals).

achillo-, achill-, Achilles (Greek > Latin: tendon at the back of the heel).

achlyo-, achly-, achlys-, achlu- (Greek: mist, dimness, darkness).

acies-, aci- (Latin: a sharp edge or point; mental acuity, sharpness of vision).

acin-, acini- (Latin: grapes in a cluster).

acinac- (Latin: a kind of short sword or scimiter).

-acious (Latin: a suffix; inclined to, given to, tendency to be, abounding in).

-acity (Latin: a suffix; quality of).

acme, -acmic (Greek: highest point; prime, best time).

aco-, aceo- (Greek: remedy, cure).

acri- (Latin: bitter, sour, sharp).

acrido-, acrid-, acris- (Greek: grasshopper).

act- (Latin: do, drive, a doing, an action; to set in motion; to act).

-acious (Latin: a suffix; tending to, inclined to).

actino-, actin-, actini-, -actinal, actis- (Greek: ray [as of light], radiance, radiating or tentacled structure).

acto-, act-, akto-, akt- (Greek > Latin: seashore, beach, strand, promontory).

-acy, -cy (Latin: state, quality, condition, or act of; a suffix that foms nouns).

ad- (Latin: to, a direction toward, addition to, near; used as a prefix).

adamant- (Latin: hard as steel, iron).

-ade (Latin: a suffix; forms nouns and, sometimes, verbs; an action done or the product or result of a material or action).

adelpho-, adelph-, -adelphia, -adelphous (Greek: brother).

-ades (Greek: a suffix; a patronymic ending).

adolescen- (Latin: growing up).

adreno-, adren-, -adrenal- (Latin: glands near the kidneys; Latin ad- plus ren[es] "kidneys").

adult- (Latin: grown up, mature).

aedoeo- (Greek: genitals; literally, "those things that are regarded with reverence or awe").

aego-, aeg-, ego- (Greek: goat).

aello-, aell- (Greek: stormy wind, whirlwind).

aeluro-, aelur-, ailuro-, ailouro-, ailur-, eluro- (Greek: cat).

aeolo-, aeol- (Latin: air, wind; rapid, quick).

aesculus- (Latin: ancient name of an Italian oak; now applied to the horse chestnut).

ag-, ig-, act- (Latin: do, act, set in motion, drive, lead, conduct, guide).

agape- (Greek > Latin: love feast of the early Christians; love, love feast; to love).

agari- (Greek > Latin: mushrooms or toadstools).

agatho-, agath- (Greek: good).

-age (Latin: a suffix; quality of, act of, process, function, condition, or place; forms nouns that denote an action; a product of an action; a place, an abode).

agglutino-, aggluto-, agglutin- (Latin: ad-, "to, toward, near" plus gluten, glutinis, "glue, beeswax").

agio- (Greek > Italian: change; a fee charged by money brokers [changers] for exchanging money).

agito-, agit- (Latin: excite; characterized by abnormal rapidity or restlessness).

agon- (Greek: struggle, a contest, to contend for a prize; also, to lead, set in motion, drive, conduct, guide, govern; to do, act).

agora-, -gor- (Greek: assembly, market place; open space, public speaking; originally, "to unite").

agra- (Greek > Latin: pertaining to land or fields).

-agra, -agras (Greek: a suffix; in medicine, a painful seizure; catch, booty, prey; seizure; a catching, a hunting for prey or food; also the prey itself).

agrest- (Latin: rustic, rural; pertaining to the fields; from ager, "field").

agri-, agrio- (Greek > Latin: fields).

agro- (Greek: land, soil, field [or fields], earth; wild, as one who lives in the fields; wildness; savage, savageness).

agrosto-, agrost- (Greek: wild grass; grass).

agryp- (Greek: sleeplessness, wakefulness; originally it meant "sleeping in the field").

agyio-, agyi- (Greek: street).

ai (Greek: aei, ever, always, forever).

aichmo-, aichm- (Greek: aichme, spear, spear point).

aigialo-, aigial-, aigi- (Greek: beach, seashore; and also a cliff).

-al [-ial, -eal] (Latin: a suffix; pertaining to, like, of the kind of, relating to, characterized by, belonging to; action of, process of).

ala-, ali-, al- (Latin: wing).

albo-, alb-, -albify (Latin: the color white).

albumino-, albumi-, albumin-, albumini-, albumo- (Latin: the color white).

alcoholo-, alcohol-, alcoho- (Arabic > Latin: alcohol, originally an "essence or very fine powder", from Arabic al-kuhl which is from al-, "the", and kohl or kuhl, "antimony sulfide" ).

aleato-, aleat- (Greek > Latin: depending on chance; pertaining to a gamester; die, game of hazard or chance).

alectryo-, alectryu-, alecto-, alectoro-, alektoro- (Greek: rooster, cock; sometimes, also chicken).

aletho-, aleth- (Greek: true; nothing concealed; real [from a-, "no, nothing" and letho-, "forgetfullness, oblivion"]).

aleuro-, aleur- (Greek: flour).

alexo-, alex-, alexi- (Greek: defend, protect, ward off, keep off).

alga [s.], algae [pl.], alg- (Latin: seaweed).

algo-, alg- (Greek: pain).

algo-, alg- (Latin: seaweed).

ali- (Latin: other, another).

alimento-, aliment- (Latin: food, nourishment).

allanto-, allant- (Greek: sausage).

anco-, anc- (Greek: ankos: 1. A bend or hollow, an angle.
2. A valley; also a crag.).